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Prime Numbers Through the Ages: Implementing the Sieve of Eratosthenes in Java
No full textThe Sieve of Eratosthenes is one of the oldest yet most efficient algorithms for finding prime numbers up to a given limit. This paper presents an analytical and practical implementation of the sieve, focusing on its mathematical foundations and optimized algorithmic behavior using the Java programming language. The aim is to demonstrate how ancient mathematical logic continues to be applicable in modern computational practices. The study outlines the basic sieve method, explores three critical optimizations that reduce time complexity, and evaluates the algorithm\u27s performance in different scenarios. Moreover, this work contrasts the classical approach with similar prime-finding algorithms and emphasizes its didactic value in both education and practical programming. By translating historical mathematical insight into executable code, the paper illustrates the enduring relevance of classical thought in contemporary problem-solving contexts
Evaluation of dental Arch Width and its correlation with gender and age in adolescents with early permanent dentition
No full textThe development of the dental arch during adolescence represents a crucial period for shaping the orofacial structure and orthodontic planning. The main objective was to assess whether significant differences exist in these parameters depending on gender and age.In this study, conducted at the University for Business and Technology (UBT) in Pristina, the morphometric dimensions of the mandibular arch—specifically intercanine width, intermolar width, and arch length—were analyzed in a sample of 40 dental study models. Participants were divided into two age groups: the first group included study models of children aged 1213, and the second group included those aged 13–14; in total, 23 females and 17 males, all in the early permanent dentition phase. Data were analyzed using SPSS software, employing statistical analyses to determine the significance of the observed differences.The results showed that although males exhibited slightly higher mean values for all arch dimensions, these differences were not always statistically significant. A trend of progressive increase in arch length with age was observed, particularly from ages 12 to 14, reflecting the natural process of dento-skeletal development. These findings, although not always statistically significant, hold clinical importance for early diagnosis and personalized orthodontic planning. In the absence of specific data for our population, this study contributes to building a local reference base and highlights the need for further research with larger samples and more detailed age group classifications
Environmental Consequences of Industrial Legacy in the City of Mitrovica
No full textThe city of Mitrovica, a historically significant industrial center in the Western Balkans, has long been affected by the environmental consequences of mining and heavy metal processing activities, particularly during the Yugoslav era. This paper examines the long-term environmental impacts resulting from this industrial legacy, focusing on air, water, and soil contamination, as well as the associated public health and ecological consequences. The study examines the environmental footprint of this heavy industry and the shift in land use in the former industrial areas, while it integrates fielata, literature review, and qualitative input from local communities and experts. Findings indicate elevated levels of heavy metals such as lead, zinc, and cadmium in soil and water, with significant risks to agriculture, water resources, and human health. Institutional challenges and the lack of systematic rehabilitation measures further exacerbate environmental degradation. The paper concludes by proposing evidence-based recommendations for remediation, environmental governance, and community engagement in Mitrovica’s ecological recovery
Technological Processing of Wheat and Comparative Quality Analysis of Flour Types produced in 2024 and 2025
No full textWheat (Triticum spp.) is one of the most important agricultural crops worldwide and plays a key role in feeding the population. It is a fundamental raw material for staple foods such as bread, pasta, and other dough-based products. Flour, produced through wheat processing, is classified into types based on ash content, degree of refinement, and nutritional composition. Among the most widely used are types 400, 500, and 850, each with distinct technological properties and applications in the food industry. This paper studied the technological process of wheat milling and conducted a comparative analysis of flour types 400, 500, and 850 produced in 2024–2025. The objective was to evaluate physicochemical and rheological parameters by determining the impact of refinement on nutritional value and technological performance. Protein content was measured using FOSS Infratec™, dough development and stability with the Brabender Farinograph, and starch gelatinization with the Amilograph. Additional analyses included moisture, wet gluten, ash, and enzymatic activity, following standardized methods.The results showed differences among the three flour types, related to mineral content, protein levels, and structural composition. Types 400 and 500, with lower ash and protein, showed limited dough stability and lower nutritional values, making them suitable for white and light baked goods. In contrast, type 850, with higher protein, gluten, and stronger dough structure, proved more suitable for wholewheat bread and high-nutrition products, offering consistent quality in industrial processing. The study emphasizes the importance of selecting the appropriate flour type for the intended application and the need for regular laboratory analyses to ensure quality and safety of wheat-based products
Evaluation of the Quality of Bottled Drinking Water Based on Physico-Chemical Characteristics in Kosovo
No full textThis study presents a comprehensive evaluation of the physico-chemical quality of bottled drinking water available in the Republic of Kosovo. The main objective was to assess the conformity of bottled water with the standards established by the World Health Organization (WHO), the European Union (EU), and national regulations, while also examining interrelationships among quality parameters through statistical analysis. Representative samples from different commercial brands were analyzed for key physicochemical indicators such as pH, electrical conductivity, total dissolved solids (TDS), hardness, nitrate (NO₃⁻), chloride (Cl⁻), and fluoride (F⁻). The data were statistically processed using the Water Quality Index (WQI) and the Drinking Water Quality Index (DWQI) to evaluate overall suitability for human consumption. Furthermore, Principal Component Analysis (PCA) was employed to identify correlations among parameters and potential influencing factors. Results revealed that the majority of samples were within the permissible limits set by international and national standards. Only a very small number of samples exhibited minor deviations, mainly in pH, WQI, and DWQI values, which could be attributed to variations in mineral content or differences in bottling processes. PCA results indicated strong correlations among conductivity, TDS, and hardness, representing the dominant component related to water mineralization. Overall, the findings confirm that bottled drinking water in Kosovo generally meets international quality requirements. Nevertheless, regular monitoring and statistical assessment remain essential to ensure consistent quality and public health protection
The Role of Fashion in Social Movements: Clothing as a Language of Resistance and Change
No full textFashion has long functioned as more than an aesthetic expression; it is a social language that communicates identity, values, and resistance. Within social movements, clothing becomes a medium through which political messages are articulated and solidarity is visually expressed. This paper explores the intersection between fashion and social activism by examining how dress has historically and contemporarily served as a tool for mobilization, visibility, and cultural transformation. Through case studies including the Suffragette movement, the Black Panther Party, and feminist activism in the 21st century, this research demonstrates that fashion operates as a form of symbolic resistance and collective identity formation. The paper also addresses the paradox of the commercialization of activism in contemporary fashion and reflects on how digital culture amplifies political expression through dress. In parallel, the paper highlights how in the Balkans — particularly among Albanians — clothing has embodied resilience and defiance, from traditional garments like the xhubleta and plis that preserved identity under foreign rule, to contemporary designers who reinterpret heritage as an act of cultural and political renewal
Typography in Visual Art, Design and Communication
No full textTraditionally conceived as a tool for verbal communication through letterforms, typography in contemporary contexts has gained a new dimension — that of visual and spatial art. This paper explores typography as an intersection between design and sculpture, analyzing how letters can transform from graphic symbols into artistic objects with form, texture, and physical presence. Through examples from contemporary design practice and typographic installations, the study examines the relationship between typographic form, materiality, and aesthetic perception. The research aims to deepen the understanding of typography not only as a communication system but as an expressive medium that challenges the boundaries between visual art and functional design. It also highlights the evolving role of typography in interactive installations, multisensory experiences, and its dialogue with spatial and sculptural forms
8K Immersive Environments: New Dimensions in Art and Design
No full textRecent advancements in visual technologies have introduced a new paradigm in the field of art and design, placing at the forefront the use of immersive environments with ultrahigh-resolution 8K. This paper aims to analyze the potential of these technologies in shaping multisensory experiences and redefining the dynamics of user–environment interaction. Through a combined theoretical and empirical approach, supported by case studies and practical experiments, it is argued that 8K represents not simply a technical enhancement of visual resolution, but a transformative medium that expands the boundaries of creative imagination, expressive space, and visual communication. The findings emphasize that the integration of 8K immersive environments enriches creative processes while simultaneously challenging traditional frameworks of aesthetics and artistic practice. Furthermore, the paper addresses the ethical, aesthetic, and technical challenges ac-companying this transition, opening discussions on the role of immersive technologies in the evolution of contemporary art and design
Challenges in Information Systems Management in Manufacturing Companies in Kosovo: The Role of Human Resources in ERP Implementation
No full textThe implementation of Enterprise Resource Planning (ERP) systems has become a strategic priority for manufacturing firms seeking to enhance efficiency and ensure data-driven operations. In Kosovo, while ERP systems are increasingly adopted, their performance is often hindered by human factors rather than technological limitations. This paper investigates the impact of workforce-related challenges—such as employee turnover, insufficient onboarding, and lack of standardized workflows—on the accuracy and completeness of ERP data. Using a qualitative case study methodology, we analyze operational bottlenecks in a medium-sized food manufacturing company, where internal transfers and raw material requests were frequently omitted from the system, despite physical execution. The findings reveal critical misalignments between system design and user behavior, leading to production delays and unreliable reporting. As a contribution, the paper proposes a framework of practical interventions, including process formalization, continuous ERP training, and PDA-based automation. Furthermore, we outline how Artificial Intelligence (AI) can be integrated to detect anomalies and forecast material demands, thus strengthening the resilience and adaptability of ERP systems in emerging markets
The Importance and Role of Online Media in Informing the Public During and After the Covid-19 Pandemic (2020-2023)
No full textThis paper presents the role of portals as information tools during and after the Covid-19 pandemic. In order to obtain the most accurate results, in addition to the analysis of online media monitoring, two questionnaires were also conducted as research tools in order to understand the perspective of the respondents in different periods, one during the 2020 pandemic, and the other after the 2023 pandemic period, comparing the data and results obtained from both researches. In extracting statistics from the two questionnaires, 358 respondents responded in the two different periods. Four interviews were also conducted with different journalists about the way online media report on the pandemic situation, the difficulties of work during reporting from the field, and their professionalism. The paper shows the importance and power that the media has in informing the general audience, often displaying professionalism, but also including defects in reporting with unverified information. The findings show that during the pandemic, online media played a critical role in informing citizens about the pandemic situation, providing statistics, launching awareness campaigns and offering great advantages in accessing information. However, in some other cases, inaccurate and unreliable news was also published, which caused unnecessary panic and fear among citizens