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Trademark Exhaustion and Parallel Imports in Kosovo: Alignment with EU Law and Judicial Practice
No full textThe principle of trademark exhaustion is pivotal in defining the legality of parallel imports and determining the balance between free movement of goods and brand owners’ rights. This paper explores the treatment of trademark exhaustion in Kosovo, with a particular emphasis on alignment with European Union law and the interpretative role of judicial practice. It examines how the EU’s regional exhaustion model, as shaped by Court of Justice of the European Union (CJEU) case law, contrasts with Kosovo’s current legislative framework and judicial handling of disputes. By analyzing key EU decisions and their relevance for Kosovo’s courts, the paper evaluates the extent to which Kosovo’s trademark regime supports or hinders harmonization with the EU acquis. Ultimately, it argues that greater reliance on EU jurisprudence, coupled with judicial capacity building, is essential for ensuring consistency, legal certainty, and Kosovo’s smooth integration into the European legal order
Fingerprints
No full textFingerprints are indisputable signs of finger contact with a certain surface. They constitute the main argument with which investigations are conducted and oriented and show strong evidence regarding the presence of the suspect at the crime scene. They can also be taken for elimination in cases where the victim has also left his traces at the same crime scene. Their search is carried out with special procedures and after searching and finding them, a very important step is also their capture, which is done in different ways depending on where they were found and with what method we have decided to take them. In the field of criminalistics, they are one of the main facts that make the investigator direct his investigation to the specific track and all this enables the pursuit and capture of the perpetrators of various criminal offenses. Therefore, fingerprints can also be used in cases of so-called elimination of traces. In this case, these traces are taken from the persons who are victims in the case in question and these traces are taken to verify whether they are truly traces of the person who was the victim of a case or are traces of an unknown person, in which case they are taken and compared in various ways such as the automatic comparison method which in our country is called the Automatic Identification System – AFIS
Adoption and Usage of ELT Materials in Kosovo: A Market Analysis
No full textThis study investigates the adoption and use of English Language Teaching (ELT) materials in Kosovo, focusing on trends, preferences, and challenges in both public and private educational settings. Using a mixed-methods approach, data were collected through surveys and interviews with teachers and institutions to examine the types of materials used, frequency of use, and factors influencing selection, including accessibility, pedagogical value, and alignment with curricular goals. Findings reveal that international ELT publishers dominate the market, yet there is a growing interest in locally adapted resources that reflect Kosovo’s linguistic and cultural context. The study highlights key factors shaping material adoption and offers insights for educators, policymakers, and publishers on optimizing resources to enhance teaching effectiveness and learner outcomes. By providing an evidence-based overview of ELT material usage in an emerging educational context, this research contributes to broader discussions on curriculum planning, resource development, and the role of culturally relevant materials in language education
Innovative Design of High-Pressure Vertical Pumps:Tribological Analysis and the Effects of Lubricant Injection
No full textThis study addresses the innovative design of high-pressure vertical pumps, with a special focus on tribological analysis and the impact of lubricant injection on their performance. The use of advanced technologies in the design of pump components aims to enhance mechanical efficiency, reduce wear of moving parts, and extend the operational lifespan of the equipment, improving work quality, temperature control, and overall operational output. Through tribological analysis, friction, wear, and interfacial load under high-pressure conditions are evaluated. A key component of the research is the investigation of the effects of lubricant injection, which helps create a protective layer and minimizes energy losses. Experimental results and theoretical modeling show that controlled lubricant injection significantly improves system performance and reduces the need for frequent maintenance, through the integration and synchronization of lubricant injection software with the mechanical eccentric. This paper contributes to the development of more efficient and sustainable pumps, suitable for high-demand industrial applications in the motor industry
Design and Validation of an Injection Mold for a Plastic Product
No full textIn this paper, product and mold design in injection molding process is presented, as well as their material selection. Before the first prototype, computer-aided design CAD and tools for computer-aided engineering (CAE) (like MFA – Mold Flow Analysis) were used to achieve the best possible flow quality and ensuring that the process will be economical during production. Suitability for industrial application is assured by analyzing the mechanical, technical and chemical material’s properties. Disadvantages of injection molding, such as the high initial cost for mold equipment are emphasizes, and also highlighted its benefits for mass production compared to other manufacturing processes. These findings contribute to more practical solutions for mold and plastic component industries
The Role of Artificial Intelligence in Enhancing Public Awareness and Communication on Indoor Radon Risk
No full textRadon is a naturally occurring radioactive gas and the second leading cause of lung cancer, particularly among non-smokers. Despite its health risks, public awareness of indoor radon exposure remains low in many countries, including Kosovo. Traditional risk communication often struggles to engage diverse populations or adapt to modern digital habits. This paper explores the potential of artificial intelligence (AI) to enhance radon awareness through intelligent communication tools. Natural language processing (NLP) and AI-powered chatbots can deliver instant, personalized, and accessible information tailored to different languages, literacy levels, and cultural contexts. Additionally, sentiment analysis of social media can detect misconceptions and guide authorities in refining outreach strategies. The study proposes a lightweight AI-driven communication framework for low-cost implementation by health and environmental institutions. Drawing on successful international models, the framework demonstrates how AI can bridge the gap between scientific knowledge and public understanding, ultimately contributing to a more informed and health-conscious society
Rare case of Acute haemorrhagic rectal ulcer Case Report
No full textAcute hemorrhagic rectal ulcer (AHRU) is a relatively rare disease that can lead to massive hematochezia. It presents as a sudden and brisk painless bleed that is common among elderly patients who have chronic conditions such as coronary artery diseases associated with the use of anti-platelets, diabetes mellitus, hypoalbuminemia, liver diseases, sepsis, stroke, and chronic renal failure on hemodialysis. Here, we report a first case of acute hemorrhagic rectal ulcer in our country, with the above-mentioned risk factors and succsessfully endoscopic hemostatic treatment via dual combination therapy wich consist in dilute epinephrine injection and clipsing with finally achieved hemostasis from rectal ulcer
The Difference Between the Total and Differential Leukocyte Counts in Patients with Symptoms of an Infection and Healthy Patients
No full textInfections are one of the most common reasons for seeking medical help and the accurate identification of their nature, bacterial or viral – remains a key step in determining the appropriate treatment. This study work, which was part of a bachelor’s degree thesis of a UBT student from the medical-biochemistry program, aimed to analyze in a laboratory way the total and differential number of leukocytes from the blood of patients with symptoms of an infection, comparison with healthy patients, and how much these analyses can help in clinical diagnosis. The study was conducted at the biochemical and hematological laboratory “NORMA” in Prishtina, which included 30 patients, 15 as a control group and 15 others with suspected infections. For each of them, blood was analyzed using an automatic hematological analyzer, with a special focus on the total number of leukocytes and their distribution by type. To maintain the validity of the comparisons, patients with hematological diseases, those using immunosuppressive drugs or patients with chronic pathologies that could affect the composition of leukocytes were excluded. The results showed significant differences between the two groups. Patients with bacterial infections showed a clear increase in leukocytes, especially neutrophils, while those with viral infections often had lymphocytosis and occasionally leukopenia. The control group showed mostly leukocyte composition within reference values. These data indicate that hematological analysis can provide a rapid and reliable insight to guide the diagnosis and clinical management of infections
Ribosome Biogenesis, Ribosomal Protein Alterations, and Tumor Suppressor p53 in Cancer: Molecular Mechanisms and Therapeutic Opportunities
No full textRibosomes, as essential cellular machines for protein synthesis, are tightly regulated in normal cells but become dysregulated during cancer development, contributing to uncontrolled proliferation and biomass accumulation. Increased ribosome biogenesis and mutations in ribosomal proteins are hallmark features of many cancers. These alterations often lead to ribosomal stress, triggering p53-mediated cellular responses, a key tumor suppressor pathway frequently mutated or inactivated in malignancies. Advances in understanding ribosome-related molecular pathways have paved the way for novel anti-cancer therapies targeting ribosome biogenesis, ribosomal protein function, and associated signaling cascades. Additionally, the formation of polyploid giant cancer cells (PGCCs) contributes to tumor heterogeneity and resistance, representing further therapeutic challenges. This review summarizes the interplay between ribosome dynamics, p53 functions, ribosomal protein mutations, and the emerging therapeutic strategies focused on ribosome-directed approaches and PGCC targeting, highlighting promising compounds and future research directions
Accommodation and Hospitality Services in the Development of Tourism in Kosovo
No full textAccommodation provides the basis from which tourists can engage in the process of staying at a destination. It is an element of the broader hospitality sector used by tourists. Accommodation has emerged as the focal point for welcoming guests and visitors over the centuries: a guest pays a fee in exchange for a certain level of service and accommodation, and related services such as food and beverages. The development of accommodation has normally accompanied the growth of resorts, tourist activity areas and the demand to visit specific areas. Like the tourist, accommodation takes many forms, and not all of them fit the conventional image of a hotel. Hospitality is the essence of tourism, involving the consumption of food, drink and accommodation in a setting away from the normal home base