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Ius Commune Balkan and Regional Security: Historical Continuities and Legal Transformations
No full textThe purpose of this research is to examine the foundations of legal coherence and social capital across the Balkans through the lens of the Ius Commune tradition. Drawing on the Ius Commune Europaeum framework, the study employs a transformative research methodology combining historical, philosophical, and logical analysis to explore the evolution of Balkan legal systems from the Justinian Code through the Ottoman legal order shaped by Sharia. Findings indicate that the quality of social capital—deeply influenced by historical immanence—plays a decisive role in determining regional security and institutional resilience. The research also establishes that the Ius Commune Balkan framework transcends contemporary national borders, challenging the restrictive geopolitical notion of the “Western Balkans.” The implications of this study lie in its contribution to understanding how shared legal heritage and social capital can strengthen regional stability and promote a more integrated vision of Balkan legal identity
Depoliticization of Public Administration: Myth or Reality
No full textPublic administration is in the junction between the political level, which makes decisions and laws, and the citizens who are immediately impacted by those laws and decisions. Because of this, the administration is in a unique position to help politicians by providing knowledge and running the day-to-day business of government, as well as making suggestions for laws and policy decisions. Moreover, the administration oversees putting into effect legislation passed by Parliament, making sure that legal action is carried out, and assessing how well the laws that have been put into effect are working and whether they need to be changed. In simple terms, public administration is the most important part and the greatest support that maintains a state reliable on the inside. The goal of the research is to look at how the political realm and the administrative system are interconnected and how they interact with each other. To accomplish this, it looks at different schools of thought on the politics-administration divide and the models that have been used in different types of government. There is a lot of focus on the current situation in Kosovo, with a detailed look at the laws that govern the relationship across both the political and administrative layers and the real-world situations that affect it. The study finds that there are substantial distinctions in how this connection works compared to the legal provisions determining this interaction. A mixed-methodological approach is used, which combines analytical, legal-dogmatic, comparative, qualitative, and quantitative methods to give a whole picture of the problem
ANXIETY AS A CONSEQUENCE OF BULLYING ADOLESCENTS IN ALBANIA AND KOSOVO
No full textBullying is a widespread issue that significantly impacts adolescents’ mental health, with anxiety being one of its most common psychological consequences. This study aims to examine the prevalence of bullying among adolescents in Albania and Kosovo and to investigate how experiences of bullying contribute to the development of anxiety. A crosssectional design was employed. Surveys were distributed to adolescents aged 12–18 across two high schools in Albania and two in Kosovo. Bullying victimization was assessed using the Olweus Bully/Victim Questionnaire (Olweus, 1996), anxiety symptoms were measured using the Beck Anxiety Inventory (Beck et al., 1988), and demographic information was collected. Cultural and societal factors influencing the nature and impact of bullying were also explored. The sample included 1,300 high school students (56.6% female; Mage = 15.6 years). Findings revealed that 53% of adolescents in Albania and 47% in Kosovo reported being bullied. The most prevalent forms were physical bullying (27%), verbal bullying (35%), and relational bullying (31%). A significant positive correlation was observed between bullying victimization and anxiety (r = 0.61, p \u3c 0.01). Rural adolescents experienced higher rates of both bullying and anxiety compared to urban peers, while females reported higher anxiety levels than males, regardless of bullying exposure. This study provides strong evidence of the detrimental effects of bullying on adolescent mental health, particularly in relation to anxiety. The findings underscore the urgent need for comprehensive, culturally sensitive anti-bullying programs in both Albania and Kosovo to address the emotional and social challenges faced by adolescents
Determinants of mental health and resilience processes in Kosovar individuals: a protocol study
No full textSocioeconomic status is related to mental health outcomes, particularly among individuals living in Low and Middle-Income Countries (LMICs) countries, including Kosovo. The CEMA study protocol is part of the larger consortia study of Reconnected Project EU (11 partners) which aims to understand the complex associations between complex mental health problems and resilience processes in Kosovar individuals, particularly those living in low SES compared to other SES backgrounds. Data was collected in N=347 participants females and males, aged 18 to 65 who live in Pristina municipality and the surrounding area. Participants completed a 40-minute core baseline questionnaire focusing on resilience, mental health functioning, social environment, coping mechanisms, social prescribing, as well mental health literacy, followed by 14-day Ecological Momentary Assessment (EMA) items consisting of daily stressors. Ecological momentary assessment data will develop a machine-learning framework which can be applied when delivering the personalised micro-interventions. The knowledge gained from the study will provide a better understanding of the role of socioeconomic status on mental health and resilience processes among individuals from various socioeconomic backgrounds in Kosovo
Victim Protection and Mental Health Inequality in Kosovo
No full textAccess to mental health services is essential to victim protection. However, many socio-economic, gender-based, or institutional factors create barriers to this kind of support. Although legal frameworks exist to protect victims, their implementation remains inconsistent. As a result, they remain insufficient to address the hardships victims face. These barriers keep victims in a loop of re-victimization and unresolved trauma. Consequently, quality of life and well-being are significantly affected. This study examines current policies, official statistics from governmental sources, as well as reports from local and international NGO’s. It aims to identify the obstacles that prevent victims from seeking effective help. These findings amplify the need to improve access to psychosocial and legal services, as well as to raise community awareness on the matter
Implementation of New Work Approaches in Healthcare: The Case of Human Resource Management in Hospital Nursing the Case of Human Resource Management in Hospital Nursing
No full textTransformational leadership, as an emerging leadership style within human resource management, has already been adopted across various sectors as part of the New Work movement. Within the healthcare sector, however, it constitutes a paradigm shift, entailing both significant opportunities and potential risks in its implementation. In this context, external environmental factors affecting healthcare, as well as generational management, must be carefully considered. Moreover, employee empowerment may serve as a critical determinant of success in the change management process. By addressing these dimensions, transformational leadership can foster a fundamental reorientation of human resource management practices in healthcare
“That wasn\u27t handed over” – Challenges of nursing handover in acute care hospitals
No full textIn many hospitals, the importance of nursing handover is still not sufficiently recognized. Without a standardized procedure, it is carried out in an unstructured manner, which promotes disruptions and loss of information. The WHO recommends standardized and structured handover communication according to the SBAR scheme in order to convey content in a focused manner and avoid errors. The aim of this study is to highlight the inadequate handling of this issue on the basis of researched literature and a quantitative investigation of the handover structure. The results of a survey show that, contrary to the WHO recommendation, more than half of the nursing staff surveyed do not use either a standardized or a structured handover. It also becomes clear how little attention is paid to the topic in ward organization, even though a standardized and structured handover has a positive influence on nursing care from a nursing perspective
The Impact of Nursing Education on the Prevention of Postnatal Depression
No full textPostnatal depression represents one of the most common mental health problems among women after childbirth, affecting the emotional well-being of the mother, infant, and family as a whole. The nurse’s role is essential in the early identification of symptoms and in providing health education as a preventive strategy. Nursing education helps mothers understand psychological changes after birth, recognize early signs of depression, and seek timely professional help. Aim:To evaluate the impact of nursing education on the prevention of postnatal depression and on increasing mothers’ awareness of its symptoms. Methodology:This study was designed as a quantitative interventional study (pre–post education). A total of 100 postpartum women participated in the research, conducted between January and September 2025 at the Clinic of Gynecology and the obstetric department, as well as in primary health care centers. Data were collected using a structured questionnaire consisting of three sections: Demographic data, Assessment of knowledge about postnatal depression, and The Edinburgh Postnatal Depression Scale (EPDS), administered before and after the educational intervention. The data were analyzed using statistical methods to compare results before and after education, with a significance level set at p \u3c 0.05. Results:After the nursing educational intervention, there was a significant increase in mothers’ knowledge about the symptoms of postnatal depression (p \u3c 0.001). The mean EPDS score decreased from 13.2 to 7.5, indicating a notable reduction in depressive symptoms. Moreover, 82% of participants reported feeling more informed and more capable of seeking professional help when needed. Discussion:The findings demonstrate that nursing education has a clear and positive impact on improving mental health among postpartum women. Through empathetic communication and structured education, nurses contribute to reducing emotional distress, enhancing awareness, and strengthening mothers’ coping capacities. Educational programs delivered by nurses are valuable instruments in the prevention of postnatal depression and in improving the overall quality of postpartum care. Conclusions:Nursing education is an effective, simple, and low-cost strategy for the prevention of postnatal depression. Integrating educational sessions into routine postpartum care should be considered a standard practice within obstetric and community health services. Such preventive approaches can significantly enhance women’s mental health and overall well-being after childbirth
Vaccination and Public Awareness: An Epidemiological-Descriptive Approach
No full textVaccination represents one of the greatest achievements in the history of public health, enabling the control of infectious diseases that have threatened humanity for centuries. This study explores the historical evaluation of vaccines, from the invention of the first vaccine to modern developments that have shaped immunization schedules. It also addresses widespread challenges such as misinformation and inequalities in access, emphasizing the importance of adapting vaccination policies to meet emerging challenges. Objective: The main aim of this study is to gather information about vaccination, the diseases it prevents, the importance of its use, and to evaluate the public’s position and attitudes within this entire process. Methodology: This study is based on a descriptive epidemiological design. A cross-sectional method was applied to obtain the results. Results: A large portion of the sample expressed a positive attitude toward vaccination, though some participants showed hesitation. A satisfactory percentage considered vaccination essential for protecting public health. Strong correlations were observed between educational level and positive attitudes toward vaccination. The results provide a clear perspective on the impact of vaccination and the continuous need for improvement in immunization efforts. Conclusion: The findings of this study indicate that vaccination has been an irreplaceable component in advancing public health and preventing infectious diseases. Throughout history, vaccination has undergone significant evolution, contributing to the elimination of several diseases and greatly improving the quality of life worldwide
Comparison of volatile aroma compounds between flowers and leaves of Sambucus nigra from Kosovo
No full textSambucus nigra is a very popular and important medicinal and aromatic plant that is widely used for medicinal, nutritional, and cosmetic purposes. The chemical composition of the volatile aroma compounds was defined in the dried flos and dried leaves of Sambucus nigra, The plant material was collected in six different localities in Kosovo. The analysis was performed using gas chromatography–mass spectrometry (GC/FID/MS) on an HP5-MS column, equipped with an automated headspace (HS) system. 0, 3 g plant material (flower or leaf) was put in sealed vials, heated (80 ͦ C), and the gas phase was investigated. The results revealed that the flowers contained a higher variety of volatile compounds compared to the leaves. The predominant compound in all flower samples was menthol, followed by myrcene and benzaldehyde. The leaf samples were primarily characterized by the presence of menthol and benzaldehyde. Notably, leaf sample S5 exhibited a significantly lower menthol content (1.81%)