eJournals System Universitas Mulawarman
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Social Conflict That Portrayed In "The House On Mango Street" Novel
Get PDFSocial conflict can be defined as a battle over values, and claims to limited status, power, and resources in which the opponent's goal is to neutralize, harm, or eliminate their rival. Social conflict also refers to disagreements and tensions that arise between different groups of people in society. This study aimed to explore two categories of social conflict presented in Sandra Cisneros' The House on Mango Street: realistic and nonrealistic conflict. The researcher analyzed the novel using a sociological approach, focusing on social conflict by Lewis Coser as a central theme. Elements such as realistic and nonrealistic conflict are examined in the context of the social struggles faced by the novel's characters. The researcher argues that social conflict has the potential to influence and transform human behavior and attitudes within society. Utilizing qualitative methods, the study investigates the experiences and social realities of the characters. Data were collected from words, phrases, clauses, sentences, and paragraphs related to social conflicts throughout the narrative. The analysis reveals that indirect characterization through dialogue and character behavior is a key feature of the novel, with no direct characterization being evident. The study identifies various social conflicts, particularly between Esperanza, an immigrant, and other characters. The findings indicate that realistic conflicts emerge when Esperanza faces disappointment and sexual harassment from her peers. Additionally, nonrealistic conflicts are portrayed through tension in some situations, such as distrust and jokes from her friends that trigger conflicts
Pola Silvopastura Pada Hutan Pinus Perhutani Kph Kedu Selatan (Studi Kasus: Kecamatan Kaligesing, Purworejo)
Get PDFSilvopastura merupakan bagian dari ragam implementasi agroforestry yang menggabungkan antara pohon dengan ternak atau hijauan pakan ternak. Kecamatan Kaligesing, Kabupaten Purworejo merupakan wilayah dengan program tahunan kontes kambing Peranakan Etawa (PE) dimana sumber pakan utama adalah Calliandra calothyrsus (kaliandra). Implementasi silvopastura dilakukan di lahan Perhutani dengan penanaman kaliandra dibawah tegakan Pinus merkusii (Pinus). Agroforestri sebagai praktek lama, ilmu baru menimbulkan konsekuensi adanya gap penelitian yang masih lebar. Terlebih lagi pada kasus agroforestri pinus dan kaliandra sebagai pakan ternak yang masih sangat terbatas. Penelitian ini bertujuan mendokumentasi implementasi pola silvopastura berbasis pinus dan eksplorasi aktivitas silvopastura yang diharapkan menjadi pondasi dalam rencana pengembangan silvopastura. Hasil penelitian yang diperoleh yakni (1) pola agroforestri yang terbentuk adalah alternate rows dan alley cropping; (2) aktivitas masyarakat berkaitan dengan silvopastura masih dominan terbatas pada penanaman dan pemanenan. Silvopastura di Kecamatan Kaligesing, Kabupaten Purworejo dapat dikategorikan sebagai praktek tradisional silvopastura. Penelitian ini dapat menjadi baseline dalam penyusunan rencana pengembangan dan penelitian lanjutan di masa mendatang
Waiting with Hope: How Waiting Time Shapes Patient Experience
Get PDFWaiting time for services is a crucial factor influencing patient satisfaction, especially in primary healthcare facilities such as community health centers. Patients who experience long waiting times tend to feel dissatisfied, both objectively and based on their perception of the service received. This study aims to analyze the relationship between waiting time and patient satisfaction at Tegal Binangun Community Health Center in Palembang and to identify which aspects of waiting time have the most significant impact on patient satisfaction. This research employs a quantitative correlational design, involving patients as respondents selected through purposive sampling. Data were collected using a questionnaire measuring waiting time aspects based on the theory of Herjunianto, Wardhani, and Prihastuty (2014) and patient satisfaction aspects based on the theory of Purwanto (2007). The findings indicate a significant negative correlation between waiting time and patient satisfaction (r = -0.590, p < 0.05), with a contribution of 34.8%. The aspects of Actual Waiting Time and Perceived Waiting Time show a stronger influence on patient satisfaction dimensions such as Reliability, Responsiveness, and Empathy. These results suggest that the longer the waiting time, the lower the level of patient satisfaction, highlighting the need for community health centers to improve service efficiency to reduce waiting times. The implications of this study emphasize the importance of optimizing queue management systems and enhancing communication between healthcare providers and patients to improve the overall healthcare experience in primary care facilities.Waktu tunggu pelayanan menjadi faktor penting yang memengaruhi kepuasan pasien, terutama dalam layanan kesehatan primer seperti puskesmas. Pasien yang mengalami waktu tunggu lama cenderung merasa tidak puas, baik secara objektif maupun berdasarkan persepsi mereka terhadap layanan yang diterima. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk menganalisis hubungan antara waiting time dengan kepuasan pasien di Puskesmas Tegal Binangun Palembang serta mengidentifikasi aspek waiting time yang paling berpengaruh terhadap kepuasan pasien. Penelitian ini menggunakan metode kuantitatif dengan desain korelasional, melibatkan pasien puskesmas sebagai responden yang dipilih menggunakan teknik purposive sampling. Data dikumpulkan melalui kuesioner yang mengukur aspek waiting time berdasarkan teori Herjunianto, Wardhani, dan Prihastuty (2014) serta aspek kepuasan pasien berdasarkan teori Purwanto (2007). Hasil penelitian menunjukkan adanya hubungan negatif yang signifikan antara waiting time dengan kepuasan pasien (r = -0.590, p < 0.05), dengan kontribusi sebesar 34.8%. Aspek Actual Waiting Time dan Perceived Waiting Time memiliki pengaruh yang lebih kuat terhadap dimensi kepuasan pasien seperti Reliability, Responsiveness, dan Empathy. Temuan ini mengindikasikan bahwa semakin lama waktu tunggu, semakin rendah tingkat kepuasan pasien, sehingga penting bagi puskesmas untuk meningkatkan efisiensi pelayanan guna mengurangi waktu tunggu. Implikasi penelitian ini menegaskan perlunya optimalisasi sistem antrean dan peningkatan komunikasi antara tenaga medis dan pasien untuk meningkatkan pengalaman layanan kesehatan di fasilitas primer
Does Hardiness Act as A Mediator in The Relationship between Social Support and Academic Stress?
Get PDFFinal-year students often experience high academic pressure, especially during the process of writing their thesis. In such situations, social support and hardiness are important factors that can help students manage academic stress. This study aims to examine the effect of social support on academic stress with hardiness as a mediating variable among students who are currently writing their thesis at Universitas Medan Area. This research employed a quantitative method using the Structural Equation Modeling (SEM) approach based on Partial Least Squares (PLS). The sample consisted of 250 students selected through purposive sampling. The instruments used were the adapted versions of the Academic Stress Scale (ASS), the Multidimensional Scale of Perceived Social Support (MSPSS), and the Revised Academic Hardiness Scale (RAHS). The results showed that social support had a negative effect on academic stress (β = -0.318, p < 0.05), hardiness had a negative effect on academic stress (β = -0.496, p < 0.05), and social support had a positive effect on hardiness (β = 0.440, p < 0.05).Mahasiswa tingkat akhir menghadapi tekanan akademik yang tinggi terutama saat menyusun skripsi. Dalam situasi tersebut dukungan sosial dan hardiness menjadi faktor penting yang dapat membantu mahasiswa mengelola stres akademik. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui pengaruh dukungan sosial terhadap stres akademik dengan hardiness sebagai variabel mediasi pada mahasiswa yang sedang menyusun skripsi di Universitas Medan Area. Penelitian ini diterapkan dengan metode kuantitatif menggunakan pendekatan Structural Equation Modeling (SEM) berbasis Partial Least Squares (PLS). Jumlah sampel sebanyak 250 mahasiswa yang dipilih melalui teknik purposive sampling. Instrumen yang digunakan terdiri dari Academic Stress Scale (ASS), Multidimensional Scale of Perceived Social Support (MSPSS), dan Revised Academic Hardiness Scale (RAHS) yang telah diadaptasi. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa dukungan sosial berpengaruh negatif terhadap stres akademik (β = -0.318, p < 0.05), hardiness berpengaruh negatif terhadap stres akademik (β = -0.496, p < 0.05), dan dukungan sosial berpengaruh positif terhadap hardiness (β = 0.440, p < 0.05). Selain itu, hardiness terbukti memediasi secara signifikan hubungan antara dukungan sosial dan stres akademik (β = -0.218, p < 0.05). Temuan ini menegaskan bahwa dukungan sosial dan hardiness memainkan peran penting dalam menurunkan tingkat stres akademik mahasiswa tingkat akhir
Adversity Quotient: The Role of Social Support and Optimism as Mediator Variables in Working Students
Get PDFA major challenge for working students is balancing the demands of study and work simultaneously. The ability to face challenges and overcome obstacles, known as adversity quotient, is very important for working students. The purpose of this study is to analyze how social support affects the adversity quotient of working students, with optimism having a role in the mediator variable. This study adopted a quantitative approach by involving 225 students from UBP Karawang Psychology Department as participants. The sampling technique applied was non-probability sampling using purposive sampling approach. Data collection was conducted through three instruments, namely the Adversity Response Profile (ARP), Life Orientation Test - Revised (LOT-R), and the Multidimensional Scale of Perceived Social Support (MSPSS). Data were analyzed by testing the assumptions of normality and linearity, followed by path analysis. The results indicated that social support and adversity quotient did not show a significant influence (p > 0.067). However, there was a significant influence between social support and optimism (p 0.067). Namun demikian, ditemukan adanya pengaruh yang signifikan antara dukungan sosial dan optimisme (p < 0.001). Selain itu, optimisme juga menunjukkan pengaruh signifikan terhadap adversity quotient (p < 0.001). Secara signifikansi (p < 0.001) mengungkapkan optimisme berperan sebagai mediator penuh dukungan sosial terhadap adversity quotient
Rebuilding Life: The Resilience of Widows After the Loss of Their Husbands
Get PDFLosing a spouse is a deeply emotional and complex experience, especially for elderly women who often face psychological, social, and cultural challenges simultaneously. This study aims to explore the resilience dynamics of elderly widows after the loss of their husbands, focusing on how they manage emotions and rebuild their lives. Using a qualitative method with a phenomenological approach, the study involved four female participants aged 60 and above living in Tirta Buana Village. Data were collected through in-depth interviews and unstructured observations, then analyzed thematically. The findings reveal that these widows demonstrate high levels of resilience through strategies such as emotional regulation, impulse control, optimism, causal analysis, empathy, self-efficacy, and willingness to seek support. Internal factors such as spirituality and coping abilities, as well as external factors such as support from family and the community, significantly contributed to their recovery process. This research underscores the need for policies that are more sensitive to the psychosocial needs of widows and highlights the importance of creating supportive, stigma-free social spaces. The results are expected to serve as a foundation for further studies and the development of more holistic interventions aimed at improving the well-being of elderly widows.Kehilangan pasangan hidup merupakan pengalaman yang sangat emosional dan kompleks, terutama bagi wanita lanjut usia yang sering kali menghadapi tantangan psikologis, sosial, dan budaya secara bersamaan. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk memahami dinamika resiliensi janda lanjut usia pasca kehilangan suami, dengan fokus pada bagaimana mereka mengelola emosi dan membangun kembali kehidupan mereka. Penelitian menggunakan metode kualitatif dengan pendekatan fenomenologi, melibatkan empat subjek berusia 60 tahun ke atas yang berdomisili di Desa Tirta Buana. Data dikumpulkan melalui wawancara mendalam dan observasi tidak terstruktur, kemudian dianalisis secara tematik. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa para janda menunjukkan tingkat resiliensi yang tinggi melalui strategi seperti regulasi emosi, kontrol dorongan, optimisme, analisis sebab-akibat, empati, efikasi diri, serta kemauan untuk mencari dukungan. Faktor internal seperti spiritualitas dan kemampuan koping, serta faktor eksternal seperti dukungan keluarga dan komunitas, memainkan peran penting dalam mempercepat proses pemulihan. Penelitian ini mengindikasikan perlunya kebijakan yang lebih sensitif terhadap kebutuhan psikososial janda, serta pentingnya menciptakan ruang sosial yang suportif dan bebas stigma. Temuan ini diharapkan dapat menjadi landasan bagi studi lanjutan dan pengembangan intervensi yang lebih holistik untuk meningkatkan kesejahteraan janda di usia lanjut
Exploring the Shadows: Validation of the Short Dark Tetrad (SD4) in Indonesian
Get PDFThe increasing incidence of crime and violence among university students highlights the importance of understanding dark personality traits within social, educational, and workplace contexts. Dark personality traits including Machiavellianism, Narcissism, Psychopathy, and Sadism—play a significant role in interpersonal dynamics, decision-making, and individual adaptation strategies. This study aims to validate the Indonesian version of The Short Dark Tetrad (SD4) scale. A total of 305 students from various faculties at the University of Surabaya participated in this study, selected through purposive sampling. Data were analyzed using Principal Component Analysis (PCA) to assess structural validity and Cronbach’s Alpha to determine reliability. The results indicate that the Indonesian version of SD4 demonstrates adequate internal structural validity, with reliability coefficients ranging from 0.621 to 0.752. These findings suggest that SD4 is a valid and reliable instrument for identifying dark personality traits among Indonesian university students. The implications of this study support the use of SD4 in both academic and practical settings, particularly for psychological assessment and character development in higher education environments.
Fenomena kejahatan dan kekerasan yang meningkat di kalangan mahasiswa menunjukkan pentingnya pemahaman terhadap aspek-aspek kepribadian gelap (dark personality) dalam konteks sosial, pendidikan, dan lingkungan kerja. Kepribadian gelap, yang mencakup Machiavellianism, Narsistik, Psikopati, dan Sadisme, memiliki peran penting dalam dinamika interpersonal, pengambilan keputusan, serta strategi adaptasi individu. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk memvalidasi alat ukur The Short Dark Tetrad (SD4) dalam Bahasa Indonesia. Penelitian melibatkan 305 mahasiswa dari berbagai fakultas di Universitas Surabaya yang dipilih melalui metode purposive sampling. Data dianalisis menggunakan Principal Component Analysis (PCA) untuk menguji validitas struktur dan Cronbach’s Alpha untuk menguji reliabilitas. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa SD4 versi Bahasa Indonesia memiliki validitas struktur internal yang memadai, dengan nilai reliabilitas berkisar antara 0.621 hingga 0.752. Temuan ini menunjukkan bahwa SD4 merupakan alat ukur yang valid dan reliabel untuk mengidentifikasi kepribadian gelap pada populasi mahasiswa Indonesia. Implikasi dari penelitian ini mendukung penggunaan SD4 dalam konteks akademik dan praktis, terutama dalam pengembangan intervensi psikologis dan pemahaman karakter individu di lingkungan pendidikan tinggi
The Role of Community in Improving Cultural Understanding: An International KPM Experience Study in 4 Villages in Kedah Malaysia
Get PDFCultural understanding between 2 countries will be able to strengthen the bonds of brotherhood between 2 related countries, Indonesia and Malaysia. This community service aims to increase the role of the community in cultural understanding between 2 related countries. This International Community Service Lecture (KPM) was held for 14 days in four villages in Negeri Kedah, Malaysia: Taman Permatang Katong, Keda Tepi Sungai Village, Kampung Kuala Dulang Kecil, and Taman Permai Utama. With several activities carried out including; psychoeducation for the elderly, teenagers and children, mutual cooperation and joint activities between KPM International participants and communities in 4 villages. The main findings identified the role of the community in cultural understanding, there are three key elements, namely: (1) preservation and application of local traditions in welcoming newcomers, (2) active involvement of community leaders in facilitating integration, and (3) consistent culture of hospitality. Consistency in honoring guests, including the welcoming tradition to leaving, has a significant impact on the positive experiences of participants and the effectiveness of the program. Challenges such as language and cultural differences can be overcome through creativity and openness. This community service concludes that the strength of the community and local wisdom, especially in the tradition of honoring guests, is key in creating a sense of togetherness and facilitating effective integration in understanding the cultures of the people of the 2 countries. These findings provide important insights for designing future community service programs, highlighting the importance of collaboration with local communities and utilizing traditions in facing integration challenges in the era of globalization.Pemahaman budaya antar 2 negara akan mampu mengeratkan tali persaudaraan antara 2 negara serumpun Indonesia dan Malaysia. Pengabdian masyarakat ini bertujuan untuk meningkatkan peran komunitas dalam pemahaman budaya antar 2 masyarakat negara serumpun. Kuliah Pengabdian Masyarakat (KPM) Internasional ini dilaksanakan selama 14 hari di empat desa Negeri Kedah, Malaysia : Taman Permatang Katong, Desa Keda Tepi Sungai, Kampung Kuala Dulang Kecil, dan Taman Permai Utama. Dengan beberapa kegiatan yang dilakukan antara lain; Psikoedukasi terhadap lansia, remaja dan anak-anak, Gotong royong serta kegiatan bersama antara peserta KPM Internasional dan komunitas di 4 desa. Temuan utama mengidentifikasi peran komunitas dalam pemahaman budaya terdapat tiga elemen kunci dalam yaitu: (1) Pelestarian dan penerapan tradisi lokal dalam menyambut pendatang, (2) Keterlibatan aktif tokoh masyarakat dalam memfasilitasi integrasi, dan (3) Budaya keramahtamahan yang konsisten. Konsistensi dalam memuliakan tamu, termasuk tradisi penyambutan hingga pelepasan, memberikan dampak signifikan terhadap pengalaman positif peserta dan efektivitas program. Tantangan seperti perbedaan bahasa dan budaya dapat diatasi melalui kreativitas dan keterbukaan. Pengabdian masyarakat ini menyimpulkan bahwa kekuatan komunitas dan kearifan lokal, terutama dalam tradisi memuliakan tamu, adalah kunci dalam menciptakan rasa kebersamaan dan memfasilitasi integrasi yang efektif dalam pemahaman budaya masyarakat 2 negara. Temuan ini memberikan wawasan penting bagi perancangan program pengabdian masyarakat di masa depan, menyoroti pentingnya kolaborasi dengan komunitas lokal dan pemanfaatan tradisi dalam menghadapi tantangan integrasi di era globalisasi
Politeness strategies in phatic utterances: A pragmatic study of film A Man Called Otto
No full textThis study examines the politeness strategies employed in phatic utterances by the main character, Otto, and other characters in the film A Man Called Otto. The analysis draws on Aitchison’s (1996) framework of phatic communion and its forms, as well as politeness strategies proposed by Brown and Levinson (1987) and Yule (1996). The film and its dialogue script serve as the primary data sources. A qualitative descriptive method was used to identify and classify the forms of phatic utterances and their relation to politeness strategies. The findings reveal four types of phatic utterances: ritual words exchanged when people meet (15 instances), standard topics of conversation (8), supportive chat (42), and meaningless or misunderstood words (7). Supportive chat emerged as the most dominant type. Positive politeness appeared more frequently than negative politeness, off-record, or bald on record strategies, indicating the characters’ tendency to build closeness with Otto despite he is being portrayed as grumpy and reluctant to engage. The study concludes that phatic utterances and politeness strategies play a crucial role in maintaining social harmony and fostering relationships in everyday communication
Kondisi Sosial Ekonomi Petani Agroforestri di Hulu Daerah Aliran Sungai Sekampung
No full textDesa Air Bakoman berada di bagian hulu Daerah Aliran Sungai (DAS) Sekampung yang mayoritas warga bekerja sebagai petani. Bagian hulu berperan dalam penyerapan air dan meminimalisir erosi tanah sehingga diperlukan pola tanam dengan pohon sebagai komponen penyusunnya yang dapat dikombinasikan dengan tanaman lain atau dikenal dengan agroforestri. Untuk mendorong penerapan agroforestri diperlukan penelitian yang bertujuan menganalisis kondisi sosial dan ekonomi petani yang menerapkan pola agroforestri di DAS Sekampung. Penelitian dilaksanakan pada bulan Oktober-November 2024 di Desa Air Bakoman, Tanggamus, Provinsi Lampung. Responden dalam penelitian ini adalah petani agroforestri yang berjumlah 50 orang dan ditentukan berdasarkan formula Cochran dengan error 6%. Analisis data dilakukan secara deskriptif berdasarkan indikator aspek sosial dan ekonomi. Sebagian besar petani sudah mengikuti organisasi sosial namun baru sebagian petani yang memanfaatkan akses penyuluhan dan pernah mengikuti pelatihan. Hubungan antar petani sangat erat, jika ada masalah petani memilih untuk meminta bantuan kepada sesama petani. Rata-rata pendapatan petani dari tanaman sebesar Rp 23 juta/ha/tahun dan rata-rata pendapatan petani dari ternak sebesar Rp 3 juta/tahun. Petani mengandalkan sumber pendapatan dari hasil produksi pertanian seperti kopi¸ cengkeh¸ padi¸ jagung¸ lada¸ aren¸ dan lainnya dengan satu saluran pasar dan masih tergantung dengan input eksternal. Petani belum mengasuransikan hasil pertaniannya