2671 research outputs found
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What Makes Visual Art Crucial to Child Development
No full textThe idea that there are many reasons why art is crucial to a child’s development. Despite knowing the reasons the school in my study had done away with art, in the elementary for four years. There are several researchers who have explained how these factors are related to art and development. This study focuses on cognitive development, motor skills, critical thinking, and creativity and how they impact development. The goal of this study was to determine how these factors affect the mental and physical development of children with a specific area of study being art education. This study also found that the school is now currently deeply involved in the arts department and promotes the arts to the students, parents and the community through art shows, musicals, plays, and acapella performances. These finding will help benefit the school the study is taking place at and hopefully not happen again
Content Validity and Inter-Rater Reliability of the Assessment of Occupational Functioning - Collaborative Version
No full textThis psychometric study examined the content validity and inter-rater reliability of the Assessment of Occupational Functioning - Collaborative version through content validity index and percent agreement to determine clinical usefulness and alignment with the current version of the Model of Human Occupation (MOHO). Data was gathered in two phases over four months. The AOF-CV was administered virtually to nine college students to assess inter-rater reliability. Content validity was addressed by content expert interview and use of content validity index, along with review of AOF-CV interviews with the participants. Inter-rater reliability was established through percent agreement to equal 84.35%. The results from this study reveal the AOF-CV is compatible with virtual administration, yields information relevant for creating an occupational profile and aligns with the current edition of the MOHO
The Warburg Effect in Acute Myeloid Leukemia
No full textAcute Myeloid Leukemia (AML) is one of many cancer types that exhibit the Warburg Effect. This effect is characterized by cells utilizing glycolysis for ATP production even when oxygen is present. Dichloroacetate inhibits aerobic glycolysis by activating pyruvate dehydrogenase, forcing the cell to go through oxidative phosphorylation, and allowing mitochondrial functions in apoptosis to be restored. The AML cell lines, HL-60 and THP-1, were used as a model system in this study. After kill curve analysis, a dosage dependent decrease in cell counts were seen after 48 hours of treatment. To investigate the mechanism of this effect, proteins involved with cell cycle regulation and apoptosis will be examined. Cdk2 is a protein involved in cell cycle machinery, and mTOR regulates cell metabolism. Expression levels of these proteins will be measured to provide a basis for a potential mechanism of action and prospective novel treatments for this deadly disease
Traditional vs. Modern Day: Increasing Student Engagement Through Methods of Teaching
No full textThe purpose of this action research paper is to address the observed lack of student engagement in the classroom. We will compare traditional teaching strategies to modern day teaching strategies and their effects on students\u27 performance and engagement. The data collected will serve purpose and usefulness to educators past, present, and future as well as the students currently in the classroom. The data collected will come from student surveys, student feedback, exit slips, as well as comparative data. The supporting research will come from scholarly peer-reviewed articles, teacher responses and experiences, and my own personal observations and experiences. Provided will be evidence to support that students will perform better and their active engagement as well as their participation will increase when methods are used from a modern day teaching approach
The Academic and Emotional Benefits of Flex Periods
No full textCovid 19 has arguably been a major contributing factor to the decline students\u27 academics and mental health. Since the pandemic began, normalcy in schools has been almost nonexistent. Schools around the world have decided to implement a flex period into their curriculum as an attempt to improve students\u27 academics and mental health. This research is going to dive deeper into the benefits of providing flexible downtime for students. An action research project will be conducted in the form of a Google form survey to discover students’ opinions regarding the program. The survey will discuss students’ interests and activities during the downtime, as well as whether they believe the flex period is useful for them. This study aims to determine whether implementing flex periods are successful in producing additional academic and emotional support for students
Content Validity and Inter-rater Reliability of the Assessment of Occupational Functioning- Collaborative Version
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Purpose: This psychometric study examined the content validity and inter-rater reliability of the Assessment of Occupational Functioning-Collaborative Version (AOF-CV) through content validity index and percent agreement, to determine clinical usefulness and alignment with the current version of the Model of Human Occupation (MOHO). Method: Data was gathered in two phases over four months. The first phase gathered inter-rater reliability through administering the AOF-CV virtually to college students. Percent agreement was determined using AOF-CV ratings completed by two teams of two raters per team. The second phase gathered content validity data from a MOHO content expert using a content validity index form and interview. Results: Nine participants completed the AOF-CV and follow-up interview. The overall interrater reliability was 84.35%, based on nine completed AOF-CV by four raters. Data analysis from participants, raters, and content expert focused on content validity and identified two themes: AOF-CV Administration aspects and AOF-CV Yield of Occupational Profile. Content expert rated AOF-CV items as representative of MOHO constructs (93%), with 90% of items demonstrating clarity. Conclusion: The results strengthen the existing evidence on inter-rater reliability and identified alignment with majority of current MOHO constructs. The AOF-CV can measure occupational functioning of young adults and effectively contribute to developing an occupational profile. Future research should address recommendations for revisions, use with other populations and continued psychometric research to support increased use of the AOF-CV in practice.
Keywords: occupational functioning; measurement; inter-rater reliability; content validity; Model of Human Occupation, assessment psychometrics
The Role of Occupational Therapy in School-Aged Youth Literacy: A Scoping Review
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Since the passage of the IDEA Act in 1975, pediatric occupational therapists have been working to improve children’s literacy skills. From the sensory-based assessment and interventions of Ayres (1972) to the Occupations of Reading Practice Model created by Grajo and Chandler (2017), the field of occupational therapy has come a long way in understanding how to treat children with deficits in reading, writing, and other forms of communication. The goal of this study was to understand how occupational therapists are currently working with school-aged youth concerning their literacy skills. Six databases were searched using terms related to occupational therapy and literacy in school-aged youth. Inclusion criteria for the articles included occupational therapist/occupational therapy assistant/occupational therapy, a target age range of k-12, a publication range between 1975 through the present, and published in the English language. Seventy-nine percent of the results occurred between 2006 to present. Sixty-one articles met the inclusion criteria; after removing systematic reviews and meta-analyses, forty-six articles were analyzed for this study. The thematic analysis revealed that occupational therapy practitioners are addressing factors related to perception, vision, and cognition with school-aged youth. The occupational therapy practitioners mainly assessed skills such as handwriting. The most used assessments were the Minnesota Handwriting Test and the Evaluation Tool of Children’s Handwriting Manuscript.
Keywords: Occupational therapy, occupational therapy assistant, literacy, school-aged youth, scoping revie
The Impact of Cooperative Learning with Middle School Students in a Rural School District
No full textCooperative Learning and its usefulness in the classroom have been studied for many years. This action research involves cooperative learning strategies being utilized in a rural school district to depict its effectiveness on middle school students post COVID-19. Several strategies will be implemented to see whether or not cooperative learning has an impact on student participation and engagement, retention of material, and a re-development of social skills post COVID-19. To collect data, there will be surveys, exit slips, summative assessments, and formative assessments. The disconnection amongst students and the over-reliability on the Chromebook and other social sites has led to this action research. Students have had the inability for that physical social connection and communication and this can be re-developed through the use of cooperative learning strategies
Causal Factors Underlying Mammalian Mortality in Discarded Containers
No full textLittered and discarded containers are attractive to wildlife and contribute to their mortality. Studies investigating roadside litter have found that small mammals are especially impacted. Initial attraction may be to residual food materials and invertebrates within containers, and shelter from predators or environment. Accidental entries are also possible. It is unclear why certain mammals, once inside, cannot escape. Our study investigates influences of container conditions and characteristics on small mammal mortality within containers. Thirteen pairs of distinct containers were placed amongst four transects, established in two different habitats (ditch and forest floor). Half of the containers were baited with 6 mL high-fructose corn syrup, mimicking ingredients found in many containers’ products. Trail cameras at each transect discretely captured animal activity for the duration. Surface and internal temperature and humidity measurements were taken weekly over the course of 52 weeks. Preliminary findings will be highlighted during the presentation
Consumer Behavior Study Proposal for Local Happenings LLC
No full textLocal Happenings LLC (LH) is an online information service in southern Ohio serving Scioto County with details about community/school events, a business directory and consumer guidance on shopping, dining and other services. This new business is growing its client base with a website and mobile app. Commercial advertisers are the primary revenue stream. The owners want to identify if LH is meeting consumer and client needs to identify strengths, opportunities for improvement and market potential. The owners participated in an agency project with the BUMK 3200 Consumer Behavior class. Students interviewed the owners and spent several weeks building a plan proposal with seven instruments to help LH better understand the perception of their brand by the consuming public, current business advertisers and non-advertisers. The live proposal included a package with a plan for deployment, sample reports with dummy data and ready-to-use forms of each instrument