International Journal of Global Community (Riksawan Institute - IJGC-RI)
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Body Massage in the Context of Hospitality: A Critical Analysis from Islamic Perspective
Full text linkBody massage is a service-oriented business that offers amenities to tourists to satisfy their particular desires. It is one of the attractive segments in tourism industry in the modern world even in Islamic countries which provide facilities for Muslim travellers. The massage is given by using a specific technique on body by following a unique culture. It brings a kind of natural healing and care for some injuries. However, it is associated with feelings of pleasure, wellbeing and luxury with natural sensory experiences. The professional masseurs have demanded that they are confused about the basic features of the Shari’ah compliant massage as the concept has yet to be developed. There are also many unanswered questions from the customers and the operators. This paper aims to identify the functions of body massage and key factors to enrich the Islamic hospitality in the contemporary world. The qualitative approach has been chosen to answer the research question of this study and observation approach has been applied to find the data. This study has found that the professional massage can be opened to achieve the business objectives and the commercial values if it complies with the principles of Shari’ah. Traditional masseur services conflict with local decency and Islamic doctrines as they carry not only sensual enjoyment, but also sexual pleasure which leads to homosexuality. Thus, it becomes ethically ambiguous character. Finally, in the realistic perspective, this paper helps to find out the potential business improvement of Islamic hospitality services mainly in utilizing the functions of body massage
Legal Analysis of The International Court of Justice 1969 Decision Concerning Continental Shelf Of The North Sea Between West Germany, Denmark, And The Netherlands
Full text linkGeographically the north sea separates several countries namely England, Norway, Denmark, the Netherlands, and West Germany. Actually, continental shelf countries around the North Sea have entered into international agreements for the use of the North Sea so that the exploitation of natural resources in the North Sea does not cause conflict. In resolving this case the three countries did not agree on what method was used to delimit the continental shelf. The Netherlands and Denmark prefer the principle of equidistance line while West Germany prefers the principle of fairer delimitation. Because there was no agreement in the negotiations of the three countries, they agreed to settle a dispute between them through the international court. The method of settlement of continental shelf disputes introduced in the decisions of the International Court of Justice greatly influences the method of dispute resolution contained in Article 83 of the United Nations Convention on the Law of the Sea 198
Development of Anti Satellite (ASAT) on Modern Day: Urgency of Global ASAT Regulation
Full text linkThe recent development and testing of an ASAT system by the Indian government has been condemned widely by international communities. The condemnation is based on the fact that ASAT system tests in outer space can cause a variety of issues, ranging from creating thousands of satellite fragments which can harm other functional satellites, to posing a serious threat to global security. Generally, testing of ASAT systems is not explicitly prohibited (non-liquet) in the Article IX of The Outer Space Treaty of 1967 (hereinafter OST) which only mentions ”…to avoid harmful contamination…” This article can be interpreted loosely since there is no comprehensive definition of the word “harmful”, regardless of the significance of ASAT tests and development. Currently, there is no specific agreement yet to limit ASAT development and tests in outer space. This paper will look into the Indian ASAT testing case in 2019 and examine the case through international space law instruments, namely the OST, Moon Agreement of 1979, ENMOD Convention, PTB of 1963, LOAC, PAROS. Further question will arise do ASAT test should be restricted and what is possibly negative impact could be rise if there’s no restricted regulation on ASAT? Ultimately, this paper pursues the creation of a new international agreement to regulate ASAT development and test, considering that the test and usage of ASAT systems pose a dangerous impact upon all countries, especially countries with active satellites. This paper also encourages the establishment of global cooperation for world peace as instructed by the OST
Sustainability and Human Security: The Impact of Sustainability In Preventing Conflict and Post Conflict of Development.
Full text linkIn the history of development, the world community is inseparable from the efforts of the development of their respective countries. In implementing sustainability development is the main thing as a joint consensus. The presence of the concept of sustainability development is integrated with the dimension of human security, as a development other than the environmental aspects when it was first announced. the concept of sustainability development has become the main pattern not only as a form of state direction that is preventing but also in the post conflict phase. The position of the concept of sustainability development that has been optimized in various time phases and conditions reflects its urgent position in the context of development
Urgency of Private Data Protection In The Digital Communication Era
Full text linkThe purpose of this paper is to find out how the basis for personal data protection and the urgency of its protection in the era of digital communication now, which is the normative legal research method concluded that personal data is constitutionally protected by The 1945 Constitution in Article 28G paragraph (1) and Article 28H paragraph (4) , as well as by Law, especially Law No. 11 Year 2008 concerning Information and Electronic Transactions in Article 26, where the urgency of protecting personal data as part of Privacy rights/privacy rights because: a. interference with personal data results in financial losses due to fraud, etc. b. the community right now also seems to be more sensitive so that it is easier to file criminal reports and/ or civil lawsuits because there needs to be more certainty about what personal data is protected; and c. disruption of personal data has great potential to cause citizens to feel disturbed and uncomfortable, thereby disrupting government efforts to encourage the development of digital communications reception; where the regulation should be in the form of a Law, the Law on the Protection of Personal Data, which will be a companion to the Information and Electronic Transactions Law, which makes guidelines for details of personal data that need to be protected and need to be included in the provisions criminal offenses relating to certain acts that violate personal data
Children’s Television Programming Trends in Indonesia
Full text linkModern developments and globalization have had a notable influence on children’s television programming in Indonesia. Children’s TV programmes have existed in one form or another on Indonesian TV stations for the past three decades, beginning in the 1980s, with various formats and models, such as children’s TV series, talent search programmes, children’s music shows, and animated cartoons. Children’s television programming has experienced distinct trends over the years. These trends have helped to shape its present structure, and they are influenced by many external factors, including government rules and regulations as well as economic and political influences. This article aims to discuss the trends in children’s television programming that arose during each decade of Indonesian TV history. In addition, this article aims to show how children’s television programming in Indonesia has adapted to the influence of foreign television programmes over several decades, borrowing elements of foreign television shows and importing foreign programmes in an attempt to capture the attention of the public as well as maximize financial gains for the TV stations.
 
Women Organizations’ Activities on Community Development in Ikwerre Local Government Area of Rivers State, Nigeria
Full text linkThe study investigated the influence of women organisations on community development activities in Ikwerre local government area of Rivers State, Nigeria. The study adopted descriptive survey research design. Three research questions and three hypotheses were formulated for the study. The population of the study consisted of 10,150 women who are members of women organizations in the Ikwerre local government area of Rivers State, Nigeria. Through simple random sampling technique a total of 385 respondents were selected for the study. The research instrument used for the study was a questionnaire which was developed by the researchers and which yielded a reliability index of 0.71 and content validity of 0.90. The data generated from the study were analysed using descriptive statistics (mean and standard deviation) and Analysis of Variance (ANOVA) statistics. The findings revealed that women organisations play active roles in community development activities in the study area. The study recommended that the various governments (local, state and federal) should give matching grants and adequate funding to women organisations that are involved in community development activities
The Eradication of Terrorism Acts: Effectiveness and Human Rights Violation
Full text linkIndonesian government requires the amendment of Law of No 15 of 2003 on Eradication of Terrorism Crime because it is considered not effective and has not well implemented in eradicating terrorism in Indonesia. One of the critical points of this amendment is the deradicalisation program. This program is being criticised because it potentially infringes human rights, in particular the right to fair trial and presumption of innocence, right to liberty and security and freedom of thought, expression, and opinions
The Paradigm of Justice in Relation to Freedom of the Press and Private Rights
Full text linkThe aim of this study is to describe the protection of private rights in the context of press freedom. Achieving a formulation of how justice can be earned by someone who has experienced suffering or disadvantage as a result of a press coverage is the main goal of this study. There have been many civil suits filed by parties who feel that their reputation has been damaged by a press coverage, whereas the press obtains protection on the basis of human rights and its function as the fourth pillar of democracy. The concept of justice to be studied comes from the settlement of press-related disputes, regarding whether a lawsuit can be directly filed in a civil court without recourse to the right of reply. This study tries to make comparisons based on the different eras of government that have occurred in Indonesia.
 
Analysis of Communication Barriers In The Implementation Of Universal Service Obligation (USO) Programme In Indonesia: A Literature Study
Full text linkThis study is designed to explain the communication barriers affecting internal and external information flow in the implementation of the universal service obligation (USO) programme in many different areas of Indonesia. An Analysis of relevant literature will result in a comprehensive classification. There are serious horizontal and vertical communication obstacles between the central government, local government, equipment and service provider, communication and technology network provider, village apparatus as well as the society due to lack of socialisation, coordination and written rule as implementation guidance of the USO programme. Due to the existence of communication barriers, the Information and Communication Ministry and other stakeholders should form a strategic path and proffer solutions to effectively address the problems that could negatively influence the progress of the programme by efficient use of the USO budget.