African Population Studies (UAPS) / Etude de la Population Africaine (UEPA)
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GIS in pre-census mapping of sampled rural and urban localities in Enugu north and south constituency: A sustainable pathway for census planning in Enugu State.
No full textBackground: The recurring inaccuracy in census figures is attriutable to the lacuna in pre-census mapping. Data Source and Method: Geographic Information System (GIS) tool was demonstrated for the 2006 pre-census enumeration area- (EA) mapping of 2 NPC analogue EAs of urban and rural localities in Enugu State. An 11-tier EA template and a satellite image-based Geographical Information Technology EA Framework were generated using the Arc GIS version 10.3. All NPC analogue EA maps were found to fall short of the 12 spatial quality parameters viz; completeness, logical consistency, topological consistency, positional, temporal and thematic accuracy, mathematical basis, reliability, geometric accuracy, modernity, cartographic design and scientific and social value.Results: A checklist audit analysis indicates that road and building are dominant EA features.Conclusion:The application of a Geo-spatial data bank infrastructure within a Constituency Land Information System (CLIS) was suggested to help in aligning the agency on a proper trajectory to meet the targets of sustainable development
Estimating the prevalence and health risks awareness of smoking in Nigeria: A meta-analysis approach
No full textBackground:The increase use of tobacco products in Nigeria, and lack of common aggregated data on its associate diseases and deaths are parts of emerging public concerns.Objective:This paper estimated national and zonal prevalence of smoking and health risks awareness in Nigeria.Methods:Random effects meta-analysis was conducted on estimates from 19 studies selected across 13 states, within the six-geopolitical zones of Nigeria, to pool nation-wide estimates of the prevalence and health risk awareness of smoking.Results:The sample and aggregated mean ages are 14.7 and 22.4 years, respectively. The overall pooled prevalence of current smoking in Nigeria was 19.7% (95%CI: 14.0-25.5), with male and female at 18.9% (CI:13.3-24.4) and 6.8% (CI:4.1-9.6), respectively.Conclusion:The findings suggest a relatively high prevalence of smoking among the youths in Nigeria. The authors recommend smokers’ counseling services among the youth to reduce health hazards and secure youth contributions to sustainable economic development
Medical apps for reproductive health practices: Uses and implications for supporting sustainable development in Nigeria
No full textBackground:Empirical investigations on the adoption of selfcare medical apps for reproductive health services among women are not popular in literature and rarely dicussed openly. Objective:This study evaluated the uses of medical apps for reproductive health practices among women in Nigeria. Method:Quantitative questionnaire approach was adopted among randomly selected 340 urban literate women in prime reproductive age (15-35 years) in Ota Community. Results:The study identified three predominant disproportionately used of selfcare healthapps: My Fitness Pal (23.7%), Flo (22.2%) and my Calendar (17.8%). Common selfcare practices are pregnancy test, weight management, but infection test was low (6.5%).Conclusion:The study concludes that the use of selfcare medical apps that could aid early discovery of health challenges are not common in the study location. The authors recommended the use and training on these apps as crucal part of women’s reproductive healthcare services to achieve healthy lives and reduction in maternal and infant morbidities
Determinants of factors associated with anemia among children under five years in Lesotho
No full textContext: Anaemia is a global public health problem which occurs mostly in developing countries. The objective of this study is to assess the prevalence and risk factors associated with anaemia among children under five years of age in Lesotho. Data and method: The logistic regression model was used to analyse the Lesotho Demographic and Health Survey data for 2009 and 2014.Findings: The results from the 2009 data set revealed that the nutritional (stunting) status of child, child’s age and mother’s anaemia status were the risk factors associated to childhood anaemia, whereas the findings from the 2014 data set showed that the nutritional status of child, whether the child had a fever in the last two weeks prior to the survey, child’s age and mother’s body mass index were risk factors associated with anaemia among children under five years.Conclusion: There is a need to improve the child health at an early age and nutritional status.
Regional Variations and Determinants of Physical Intimate Partner Violence in Nigeria
No full textBackground: In spite of the need to prevent and mitigate varying occurrences of physical intimate partner violence (IPV) in different regions of the country, regional determinants of physical IPV in Nigeria have remain unexplored. The study, therefore, examines the regional variations of the prevalence and determinants of physical intimate partner violence in Nigeria. Method: Data was from the 2013 Demographic and Health Survey of Nigeria, which was conducted in all 36 states of Nigeria, and Abuja. A composite index of physical intimate partner violence was used as the outcome variable. Data analysis involved descriptive statistics, mapping, and binary logistic regression.Results: On National level, 16.25% of respondents had experienced physical IPV while regional variations in physical IPV was found across the regions with South-South having the highest prevalence (27.10%). The most significant determinants of physical intimate partner violence at the national level, and across the regions were shown to be: high level of alcohol intake by some husbands, increase in the number of co-wives, increased parity, wealth index, and low levels of women education.Conclusion: This study recommends sensitization of the public on the negative consequences of excessive alcohol intake, and practice of polygamy, on physical IPV.
Age schedules of intra-provincial migration in Kenya
No full textBackground: Migration today is a complex process determined by inter-related historical, geographical, economic, sociological and political factors. There are linkages between life-course transitions and patterns of movement necessitating estimation of migration propensities by age, sex and other characteristics. However, analysis of age specific migration propensities has been limited in developing countries.Data source and methods: Data was derived from the 2009 Kenya population and housing Census via the IPUMS data Series. The standard 7-parameter age migration schedule due to Rogers and Castro (1981) was fitted using Microsoft excel workbook using solver.Results: Large volumes of movements occur between ages 17 and 24.The peak ages at migration are similar to those observed in Asian migration patterns. The age pattern for all the regions had two peaks contrary to the standard with four.Conclusion: The results suggest that the main contributory factors behind migration schedules are schooling, labour force and associational moves.
Influence du statut de la femme dans le recours à la contraception moderne chez les femmes en union au Togo.
No full textContexte: Au Togo, la majorité des femmes qui ont potentiellement besoin de contraception n’utilisent pas la contraception moderne (CM). Les résultats de l’EDS réalisée entre 2013 et 2014 montrent une prévalence contraceptive moderne faible (16,7%) chez les femmes en union, avec de fortes disparités entre les régions.Données et méthode: L’étude contribue à la compréhension des facteurs influençant l’utilisation de la CM au Togo à travers une analyse secondaire des données de l’EDST III (2013-2014). Elle se focalise sur les caractéristiques socio-culturelles de la femme avec un accent particulier sur son statut.Résultats: Les résultats obtenus montrent que le groupe ethnique de la femme, son milieu de résidence, sa religion, son âge et surtout son statut influencent l’utilisation de la CM au Togo.Conclusion: Toutes les hypothèses énoncées ont été confirmées par les résultats obtenus, et notamment, l’effet positif du statut de la femme en union sur son utilisation de la contraception moderne. Ces résultats, inédits pour le Togo, sont de nature à orienter utilement les prises de décisions aux niveaux politique et programmatique
Factors facilitating risky sexual behaviour among youths in Mufakose, Harare, Zimbabwe
No full textBackground: Risky sexual behaviours among the youth are a global challenge since they expose young people to reproductive health challenges that include sexually transmitted infections including HIV, unwanted pregnancies and unsafe abortions. The objective of this study was to identify the factors facilitating youth’s risky sexual behaviour.Methods: A survey and focus group discussions were conducted to collect data on risky sexual behaviour among the youth aged 15-24 years in Mufakose, Harare. Multivariate logistic regression analysis was used to investigate the factors associated with risky sexual behaviour.Results: The mean age at first sexual intercourse was 17.5. The study findings show that 27% of the youth had multiple sexual partners while 26% did not use condoms consistently. Age, religiosity, schooling status, attending parties/clubs, alcohol consumption, smoking/drug use, living and sleeping arrangement, orphan hood status and parents’ education were significantly associated with risky sexual behaviour.Conclusion: Strengthening of youth policies and programmes to support the role of youths, families and religious organisations in behaviour change is recommende
Reversal in infant mortality in Kenya based on type of place of residence
No full textContext: In the recent past, infant mortality has declined more rapidly in rural Kenya than urban Kenya. This paper sought to ascertain the factors responsible for the observed reversal in infant mortality in Kenya based on type of place of residence, defined as either urban or rural.Data source and methods: The study used data obtained from 2014 Kenya demographic and health survey. Survival analysis was employed on child-recoded data set to estimate the risk of a neonate, post-neonate or an infant dying in urban or rural areas based on selected study variables.Results: The study found early childhood mortalities to be significantly related to educational qualification of the mother, household wealth index, maternal age, size at birth, and place of delivery in both urban and rural Kenya. In urban Kenya, the study further found early childhood mortalities to be significantly related sex of the birth and the preceding birth interval.Conclusion: The study suggests the need to check on lifestyle especially among the urbanites and to delay entry into childbearing as some of the measures to make infant mortality reduction mission a success.
The demographic transition in the Democratic Republic of Congo: facts and challenges to reach a demographic dividend.
No full textBackground: The channels linking the demographic and economic situation of a population are numerous. We focus on the process of a demographic transition and the demographic dividend that Sub-Saharan Africa and, in particular, the Democratic Republic of Congo (DRC), are currently undergoing.Data source and methods: Secondary data are used to highlight the diverse paths of demographic transition in Sub-Saharan African countries. Additionally, the specific situation of the DRC is selected as a case study.Results: The potential of Sub-Saharan Africa to enjoy a demographic dividend is exceptional. Although the DRC is in the group of the least advanced countries, its increasing share of working age population is a key to reap the benefits of the potential economic growth.Conclusion: There are some recent economic and social advancements in the DRC, but the benefits of its demographic performance are dependent on whether government and institutions are capable of responding to current circumstances with targeted, effective and coordinated policies