African Population Studies (UAPS) / Etude de la Population Africaine (UEPA)
Not a member yet
571 research outputs found
Sort by
Demographic assessment and adjustment of census age distribution in selected West African Countries
No full textContext/background: Despite the public acknowledgment of improvement in sub-Saharan African censuses and surveys in the recent time, the quality of age-sex data still remains relatively poor. This study assessed the quality of reported age-sex data in selected West African countries.Data source and methods: We utilized the available recent West African census data to address the study objective. Data adjustments were made using the UN-moving average technique, Carrier Far-rag, Karup-king newton and Arriaga methods. Results: First, the age- distribution in five years was examined for errors. The UN-Age-sex accuracy index showed that all the selected countries had inaccurate age-distribution, with the exception of Cameroon (2005) and Senegal (2002) censuses which revealed a lesser distorted age- distribution. Utilizing the strong smoothing techniques, the results showed that virtually all the censuses were plaqued with the overestimation error at older ages, particularly the female population. The error margin ranged between 10-25%. Conclusion: The study concludes that inaccuracies in West African census data persist and recommends more quality age-sex data in region
Spatial and temporal variations in women undernutrition in Ethiopia- A multilevel analysis.
No full textBackground: Women’s undernutrition is a major concern in many sub-Saharan African countries including Ethiopia; however, little information exists on its spatial and temporal variation within a single national context. This paper examines spatial and temporal variations in women’s undernutrition and its determinants in Ethiopia between 2000 and 2016.Data source and methods: We use data from the Ethiopia Demographic and Health Surveys from 2000 to 2016. We used multilevel logistic regression models with region-level random effects to estimate determinants of undernutrition. Results: The results show substantial regional variations in women’s undernutrition in Ethiopia, which show mixed patterns over time. Also, the regional variations are significantly affected by age, education level, marital status, wealth, occupational status and type of residence as well as some aggregate factors. Undernutrition risks are considerably higher for teenage women, no education, never-married, unemployed, and rural women, as well as women from poor households than their counterparts. Additionally, in regions with lower levels of women’s education, the risk of undernutrition was higher. Conclusions: Regional variations in women’s undernutrition in Ethiopia are significantly determined by individual sociodemographic, economic and community level characteristics. Policy decisions should focus on bridging the regional disparities in the country, especially in areas that have made little progress in reducing women’s undernutrition
Correlates of youth internal migration and employment in Uganda
No full textBackground: Young people continue to gravitate from rural to urban Uganda. Whereas studies on drivers of this mobility abound, less is known about the predictors of internal migration and employment. This study investigated the correlates of youth migration and employment.Data and methods: Primary data were collected from 1,537 respondents. Binary and multinomial logistic regression models were fitted to predict migration and employment status, respectively.Findings: Being an older youth increased the odds of outmigration and chances of employment. Hailing from a rural environment increased chances of outmigration. The never married youths were less likely to be self-employed but more likely to be paid employees than their married counterparts. Females were less likely to be employed than males.Conclusion: Age, home environment and sex were significant correlates of migration and employment. We recommend improvement in rural conditions and strengthening programmes that address the gender gap in employment opportunities
Rural-urban differential in fertility and maternal work participation: A study in Northwestern Ethiopia
No full textBackground: The inverse relationship between urbanization and fertility is well known in the development literature. However, whether this location difference also translates into rural-urban maternal economic outcomes differential is not well understood. Majority of past research which found inverse relationship between number of young children and maternal economic outcome failed to analyze rural and urban areas separately.Data and methods: This paper used data from a household survey of rural and urban married women to analyze if the causal effect of fertility on maternal work participation differs between rural and urban areas.Findings: Results show that when rural-urban location differences are considered, coefficients are negative for urban households with large number of young children and positive for those households with more adult children; whereas these coefficient signs reversed for rural households.Conclusion: Results from the quantitative data combined with qualitative narratives suggest that large numbers of young children may not prohibit rural mothers from working
Culture-based Social support to Older Adults in Nnewi, South-East Nigeria
No full textBackground: Old age usually comes with frailty and withdrawal resulting to dependence on various support systems for assistance. However, studies have shown that social support available for older adults from these support systems especially in south-east Nigeria is inadequate. This study therefore depicts some cultural activities as a form of social support system for older adults.Data and methods: Focus group discussions and in-depth interviews were conducted with 40 older adults and their caregivers. Thematic analytic approach was adopted to analyse the data.Findings: Some of the prevailing cultural activities including village meetings, marriage ceremonies, child naming or dedications, funerals, postpartum care serve as veritable means of support to older adults. Conclusion: This study therefore suggests that older adults should be encouraged to participate in some of these activities in order to ensure satisfactory support.
Fear of contraceptives’ side effects and tensions in marital union among women at risk for unintended pregnancy in southwest Nigeria
No full textBackgroud: Contraceptive uptake remains low among reproductive age women in Nigeria.This paper explores the views of women at risk for unintended pregnancy concerning contraceptives use, side effects, childrearing burden and the fear of unintended pregnancy in marriage. Methods: We conducted four focus group discussions and 32 in-depth interviews with married women (35-40 years) in two Yoruba communities in Southwest Nigeria.Results: Contraceptives awareness exists alongside with perceived side effects and misconceptions around contraceptive use among women. Cultural beliefs around the woman’s body and disempowerment through unplaned pregnancy before marriage provided limited spaces to negotiate contraceptive use. The impression that contraceptive use among women could promote marital infidelity still holds, while a feeling of husband’s extramarital relations was sometimes an opportunity to demand the use of condom.Conclusion: Contextual understanding of risks of contraceptive use could help in addressing the unmet need for contraceptives among women at risks for an unplanned pregnancy
Family type, ethnicity and under-five mortality in Nigeria
No full textBackground: High rate of under-five mortality (UFM) in Nigeria is an impediment to national development. This study examined the influence of family type and ethnicity on UFM.Data Source and Methods: The study was cross-sectional and employed the 2013 Nigeria Demographic and Health Survey dataset. The survey utilised a stratified three-stage cluster sampling procedures in interviewing 31,828 women of childbearing age. Data were analysed using Chi-square test, Brass and Cox-proportional hazard models.Results: UFM rates were 92, 119 and 196 deaths per 1000 live births among Yoruba, Igbo/Ibo and Hausa/Fulani respectively. On overall, single-parent who were Hausa/Fulani women reported the highest deaths (265/'000) and the polygamous Igbo women reported the lowest (2/'000). UFM is lowest among the Igbo/Ibo while single parenting impact on UFM more among Hausa/Fulani than other ethnic groups.Conclussion: Family type and ethnicity were associated with UFM. Measures to reduce UFM should target single-parenting and the Hausa/Fulani
An impact study of the Village Savings and Loan Association (VSLA) in Nigeria
No full textBackground: The VSLA is an emerging movement of savings that promotes entrepreneurship development in rural communities; it has supported the growth of small and medium enterprise in rural communities as well as helped families at risk to enhance family well-being. There are however scare empirical studies on VSLAs in Nigeria, hence impact and learning is often not in the public domain.Method: In this article, we endeavored to clarify concept and present result from a qualitative study using Focus Group Discussion (FGD) for 48 families who participated in the SOS Children’s Villages Nigeria Family strengthening from 2010-2015.Result: Overall result suggest that VSLA is a programme intervention that is successful and sustainable. Results revealed that 70% of the families in the programme attained self-reliance within the project life spanConclusion: The results are discussed in relation to entrepreneurship development and need for social workers to create awareness on VSLA in rural communities in Nigeri
Factors affecting the utilization of prevention of mother-to-child transmission of HIV services in Anambra South, Nigeria
No full textBackground: In spite huge leaps in combating the spread and transmission of HIV globally, Nigeria still ranks high in the incidence of HIV among children. The study investigates the factors affecting the utilization of prevention of mother-to-child transmission (PMTCT) of HIV services in Anambra South.Data source and Method: Data from 515 HIV positive women of child bearing age were collected using a structured questionnaire. The data sets were subjected to chi square and binary logistic regression analysis.Result: The results show that 86% of the respondents were aware of the PMTCT strategies while marital status (69.8%), age (70.7%) and place of residence (52.1%) were found to affect the uptake and utilization of PMTCT services. Conclusion: Evidence from the study drew attention to the need for government, social workers and healthcare providers to rise to their responsibilities in encouraging HIV women of reproductive age to utilize PMTCT services in order to achieve African Union Agenda 3
Interrogating the nature and push factors of human trafficking in Benin-city, Edo State Nigeria in the context of the Africa we want
No full textBackground: Human trafficking is a global crime which negates the African union agenda 2063 and the aspirations of the Africa we want. Nigeria is notorious as home for most victims of human trafficking. However, few studies exist on the push factors that drive the practice in the area, especially when such knowledge could be very critical in the quest for solutions to this global problem.Data and methods: The study combined qualitative and quantitative methods. Structured questionnaire was given to 300 victims and 25 in-depth interviews from the cohort; 60 opinion leaders, key informants were interviewed and focus group discussions conducted.Findings: Push factors like inheritance rites, serial polygyny/polyandry, belief in witchcraft and weak family support systems were identified as drivers of human trafficking while the abysmal conditions of poverty created vulnerabilities.Conclusion: Inheritance rights should include women and children; conditions of poverty improved and cultural practices that promote vulnerability of women and children discouraged