African Population Studies (UAPS) / Etude de la Population Africaine (UEPA)
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La coexistence des générations en milieu urbain au Burkina Faso: Entre logique de sélection et obligation de parenté
Get PDFLes structures familiales étendues en Afrique sont bien souvent liées aux enjeux traditionnels de production et de reproduction sociale régis par un contrat intergénérationnel tacite. Avec la modernisation et l’urbanisation, les schèmes traditionnels sont variablement affectés, avec pour conséquence une recomposition des structures familiales suivant une logique individuelle ou de famille nucléaire au détriment du groupe familial étendu. Face à la pluralité et à la complexité des structures familiales urbaines, cette étude s’intéresse à la situation des familles urbaines burkinabés et les recompositions éventuelles de celles-ci, eu égard à la forte croissance urbaine qui caractérise le pays. Les modèles d’analyses descriptives et explicatives mettent en évidence des schémas familiaux urbains se caractérisant par une dualité reposant sur une sorte de conciliation entre les traditions familiales de parenté étendue et l’adaptation à de nouvelles exigences de modernisation se traduisant par une préférence voire une primauté de la famille restreinte.
Education as a correlate of life satisfaction among formal sector retirees in Lagos State, Nigeria
Get PDFThe effect of education on life satisfaction among formal sector retirees in Lagos State was assessed to determine its impact on life adjustment in retirement. The study also examined the effects of education on self-rated health and well-being of formal sector retirees. Life course perspective, dependency theory, Modernization theory of ageing and wealth flow theory were adopted for the theoretical framework. Using a multi-staged systematic sampling method, retirees from the public sector and organized private sector were covered through questionnaire and structured interviews. Questionnaires were administered on 1321 retirees while 20 in-depth interviews were conducted for executive members of pensioners’ unions and pension managers. Older retirees with at least secondary education had better living conditions and reported higher life satisfaction than their counterparts with lower educational qualifications. The paper concludes with a policy implication, stressing the importance of income security and life skills to retirement planning and life satisfaction in retirement.
The greying of a rainbow nation: Policy responses to the implications of population ageing in South Africa
Get PDFThe South African population is set to experience significant ageing in the decades to come; reaching the stage of having a formally ‘aged’ or ‘old’ population by 2025. This looming yet profound demographic change is already impacting in certain sectors and will place numerous pressures on many socio-economic and developmental fronts, requiring the reconfiguration of the country’s development agenda, aims, programmes and policy. Drawing on both quantitative and qualitative data, this paper explores the demographic nature and socio-economic challenges of the ageing transition in South Africa and suggests some guidelines to improve policy responses targeting the implications of ageing. The paper concludes that South Africa will face a plethora of implications and challenges associated with population ageing, and recommends that further impetus be focused on enhancing programmes that facilitate the awareness of ageing implications as well as the mainstreaming of ageing concerns in public policy. Furthermore, more progressive research on the potential implications of ageing in a South African context should be initiated.
Technical and political aspects of the 2006 Nigerian population and housing Census
Get PDFNigeria’s last census was in 2006. If the decennial rule is followed, the country is barely three years away from another headcount. In this paper, we examine the technical and political aspects of that census in order to derive lessons for subsequent censuses. The focus is not on the census results but rather on the processes leading up to and including the actual enumeration. We describe the connections between population size, revenue allocation and political representation as a means of understanding the social and political dynamics that could undermine the execution of a technically adequate census. These connections are examined through reference to logistic, recruitment and enumeration procedures of the 2006 Nigerian Census. We argue that, like most post-independence Censuses before it, there were motivation and opportunities for manipulating the Census figures. These parameters have not changed
Les défis du vécu sanitaire de jeunes bamakoisEs (Mali). Identifier les sources de vulnérabilité par la lunette des Capabilités
Get PDFLe cadre des Capabilités est appliqué à la santé des jeunes définie par trois indicateurs relevés lors d’une enquête par questionnaire auprès de 1819 BamakoisEs, de 12 à 29 ans. Nos résultats confirment que la jeunesse est une période en relative bonne santé, pas fonction du gradient socio-économique, mais avec un fort différentiel de genre. La richesse du contexte entraînerait des comportements masculins néfastes, alors que les jeunes femmes apparaissent sensibles à l’insalubrité de la zone de résidence. Les résultats soulignent aussi que la transition vers l’âge adulte est marquée par des seuils aux risques accrus: entrée à l’école et sur le marché du travail (surtout pour les hommes) et, pour les femmes, première maternité. Le recours au système moderne de soins ne constituerait pas une Capabilité, à savoir un facteur d’accroissement réel de la liberté de maintenir une bonne santé, mais serait plus conjoncturelle, et ne semble pas gommer les inégalités
Older persons and malaria treatment in Nigeria
Get PDFThis study examined the prevalence and pattern of health-seeking behavior of older people on malaria fever among the elderly in Nigeria. Data from the Nigeria Malaria Indicator Survey were used with a weighted sample of 1819 older persons aged 60 and above across the six geopolitical regions in Nigeria. The odds of fever as well as treatment seeking were predicted using logistic regression models. The prevalence rate of fever among the aged in Nigeria is 28%. About half of the respondents did not receive treatment in a standard health facility. There is high patronage of chemist/patient medicine vendor/shops for malaria fever treatment among older people in Nigeria. Findings suggest that older people may use healthcare facility if it is affordable. The lifelong approach that can reduce poverty and illiteracy is recommended since the rural-urban differences in treatment seeking reduced with the inclusion of other socio-demographic variables in the model
Correlates of Unmet Need for Contraception in Ethiopia: Evidence from 2011 Ethiopian Demographic and Health Survey
Get PDFThe highest proportion of unmet need for contraception is found in sub-Saharan Africa. Although unmet need for contraception declined from 36% in 2000 to 25% in 2011 in Ethiopia, it is still far from satisfying the demand. The data for this study is obtained from the 2011 Ethiopian Demographic and Health Survey (EDHS). Multinomial logistic regression was used to identify correlates of unmet need for contraception. Accordingly, 18% of women have unmet need for spacing and 9.6% for limiting. Age, educational level, number of children and religion were significant correlates of unmet needs for spacing and limiting. In addition, place of residence was significant correlate for spacing while age at marriage and knowledge of contraceptives were significant correlates for limiting. Expanding contraceptive accessibility and methods mix in rural areas; empowering women; and engaging religious and community leaders in educating the community about family planning (FP) are recommendations to satisfy the demand of contraception
Association between intimate partner violence and utilisation of maternal health services in Nigeria
Get PDFThis study examines the relationship between intimate partner violence and utilisation of maternal healthcare services. Data was extracted from the 2008 Nigeria Demographic and Health Survey. Data were analysed using the STATA. Results show that: 15.6% of the women have ever experienced at least one type of physical violence; 4.1% of the women have ever experienced at least one type of sexual violence; and 22.4% of the women have ever experienced at least one type of emotional violence. The logistic regression show that women who have ever experienced emotional violence were: 24.2% less likely to utilise skilled antenatal care (OR=0.7578,p<0.001); 36.0% less likely to have facility delivery (OR= 0.6399,p<0.001); and 37.3% less likely to have skilled assistance during delivery (OR=0.6272,p<0.001). The study suggested the need for a special public health programme that will focus on persons entering into marital unions at adolescence.
Ageing and national development in Nigeria: Costly assumptions and challenges for the future
Get PDFThe Nigeria ageing population is becoming increasingly visible with its attendant challenges. This article attempts to set the tone for a pragmatic discourse on “costly assumptions” being made on the issue in Nigeria and its attendant challenges. This is with a view of linking the ageing agenda to a broader developmental framework. The paper adopted a reflective theoretical viewpoint with desk review of evidence and secondary data. The paper identified critical areas of costly assumptions and challenges as it relates to the Nigerian ageing population including the changing family structure and roles for the elderly; the high burden on children; physical health-care and medical needs; poor finances and income; and the need for public intervention. The concluding remark reiterated the need to assess and recognize the reality of the social changes and the effect of these changes on the elderly, now and in the future.
Social Context Factors and Attitudes toward Interracial Relationships on a South African University Campus
Get PDFThe present study used a stratified random sample of undergraduate students at a major Metropolitan University in the Gauteng province of South Africa to examine aspects of the contact hypothesis as originally formulated by Gordon Allport. Specifically, the study sought to examine the effects of two social settings, namely, educational and religious settings on students’ attitudes toward interracial relationships. We failed to find empirical support for our hypotheses that the higher education and religious settings would engender favourable attitudes towards interracial relationships. Rather we found the secondary education setting, being African, having intimate interactions with people of different racial backgrounds positively influence students attitudes towards interracial relationships.