African Population Studies (UAPS) / Etude de la Population Africaine (UEPA)
Not a member yet
571 research outputs found
Sort by
Examining underlying determinants of fertility rates in Zambia: Evidence from the 2007 Zambia Demographic and Health Survey
No full textAbstractLimited data exits on factors influencing fertility in Zambia. This study examined underlying determinants of fertility patterns and levels in Zambia. Data extracted from the 2007 Zambia Demographic and Health Survey was analysed using bivariate and multivariate logistic regression. Of 7146 women aged 15-49 years, age group 25-29 years experienced the highest prevalence of births (28.5%). Married women accounted for 27% of all births. Women with low education recorded more births (27%) than those with higher education (9.5%) (P<0.001). Fertility was higher among the poorest (28%) compared to the richest (12%) (P<0.001). Though not statistically significant, urban areas recorded more births (25%) than rural areas (15%). Education and wealth significantly influence fertility Zambia. Fertility management strategies should consider these factors and their fertility reducing effects. Improving education and wealth status of women can contribute to fertility reduction, particularly rural women. Lower fertility, with reduced mortality and migration, would provide less pressure on distribution of the limited economic resources of the country. Key Words: Underlying determinants, Fertility, Education, Wealth, Zambia RésuméDes données limitées sort sur les facteurs influençant la fécondité en Zambie. Cette étude examine les déterminants sous-jacents de taux de fécondité et les niveaux en Zambie. Les données extraites de l'Enquête Démographique et de Santé de la Zambie de 2007 (NDHS) ont été analysées en utilisant bivariées et régression logistique multivariée. Sur 7146 femmes âgées de 15-49 ans; groupe d'âge 25-29 ans a connu la plus forte prévalence des naissances (28,5%). Les femmes mariées représentaient 27% de toutes les naissances. Les femmes peu scolarisées ont enregistré plus de naissances (27%) que ceux de l'enseignement supérieur (9,5%) (P <0,001). En outre, la fécondité était plus élevée chez les plus pauvres (28%) par rapport aux plus riches (12%) (P <0,001). Bien que non statistiquement significative, les zones urbaines ont enregistré plus de naissances (25%) que dans les zones rurales (15%). Évidemment, l'éducation et la richesse influent considérablement sur la fertilité Zambie. Les stratégies de gestion de la fertili
Youth migration, livelihood prospects and demographic dividend: A comparison of the Census 2011 and Agincourt Health and Demographic Surveillance System in the rural northeast of South Africa
No full textThe 2011 South African national census shows a cohort of young adults comprising an increasing share of the population. This finding is borne out in longitudinal data from the Agincourt Health and Demographic Surveillance System (HDSS). This primarily descriptive paper uses the Agincourt HDSS to examine the migration, employment and unemployment patterns in young adults. The study reveals high levels of temporary labour migration linking rural areas to metropolitan areas and secondary urban places. The type of work conducted by young adults in the Agincourt population is predominantly unskilled labour for both sexes. However, there is some evidence of female employment increasing in more educated sectors. Across all working ages there is pronounced unemployment, but the main pressure is felt by the younger adult population. Education and skills development for both sexes should be strengthened to support the country’s efforts to vastly improve labour force participation amongst the youth
The Effects of Fertility on the Level of Insertion of Women in the Labor Market in Cameroon
Get PDFThe total fertility rate remains high in Cameroon while women are more affected by inactivity, unemployment and underemployment compared to men. This study aims to analyze the effects of fertility on the level of insertion of women in the labor market in that country. The level of insertion in the labor market is measured here by a composite indicator constructed from five related employment variables. Breaking from most of the prior studies which have addressed the same issue, infertility is used as instrumental variable of the fertility and an ordinal multinomial logistic regression model is applied to run an econometric analysis from the 2011 DHS country data. The results reveal that the presence of under five children in the households negatively affects the level of insertion of women in the labor market in Cameroon. Nevertheless, that relationship depends on the education level of women as expected, but not on their standards of living. Given that the more educated women are, the less is the importance of the negative effects of their fertility on their insertion level in the labor market, the policies which aim to improve the women’s education and training should be strengthened.
Regards croisés entre projections démographiques et gestion des questions de population au Niger
No full textAprès la mise en œuvre des politiques de population, depuis plus de vingt ans, le Niger détient le triple record en termes de plus forte fécondité, plus fort taux de croissance démographique et plus bas niveau d’indice du développement humain. Ainsi la maitrise de la croissance démographique préconisée n’est pas assurée et les hypothèses sur lesquelles se base les projections démographiques deviennent non probantes. Pour mettre en évidence cette contre-performance de ces politiques de population et préciser les orientations nouvelles, cette étude présente les écarts observés entre l’indice synthétique de fécondité projeté et celui observé, montre les enjeux sociaux économiques et politiques associés aux nouvelles projections démographiques du système des Nations Unies et suggère des champs d’actions possibles en termes de politiques et programmes à mettre en œuvre pour assurer une maitrise de la croissance de la populatio
Use of Private and Public Health Facilities for essential Maternal and Child Health Services in Nairobi City informal settlements: Perspectives of Women and Community Health Volunteers
No full textWe describe the sources of care for delivery, family planning and child welfare services in urban slums of Nairobi. We further explore the perceptions of women and community health volunteers regarding choice and quality of services at health facilities. Data are from a cross-sectional study conducted in 2013 involving interviews with 849 women aged 12-49 years, 968 caregivers of children under five years, and focus group discussions with a subset of the women and community health volunteers. The findings showed that most women sought delivery care and family planning services from private health facilities (51.5% and 47.4%, respectively). Private health facilities were preferred because of ease of access and quality of care although their service fees were considered high. By contrast, public health facilities were viewed as affordable and staffed by qualified personnel although they were characterised by long queues and poor provider attitude
Period-Cohort Effects Models for Sexual Debut in Namibia
No full textEarly sexual debut is often associated with a number of social challenges. However, the hazard and risk factors of changing pattern of age at first sex have not been fully explained. This paper investigated the period-cohort effects by fitting flexible time-to-event models of sexual debut using retrospective cross-sectional data of the 2000 and 2006-7 Namibian Health and Demographic Survey, to establish individual and structural effects, and simultaneously investigated spatial frailty effects, non-linear effects of age, cohort and period on the timing of sexual debut among women. The hazard of sexual debut reduced as the woman’s year of birth increased suggesting a generational effect. The North Eastern parts of Namibia were associated with a higher risk of early sexual debut compared to all other regions. Intervention strategies should be multifaceted and involve not only schools and communities but individual family units as they have a bigger role to play in this regar
Factors Influencing Children’s Full Immunization in Ethiopia
No full textChild morbidity and mortality in Ethiopia is mainly due to vaccine preventable diseases. Although numerous interventions have been made since the 1980’s to increase vaccination coverage, the level of full immunization is low in the country. This study examines factors influencing children’s full immunization based on data on 1927 children aged 12-23 months extracted from the 2011 Ethiopian Demographic and Health Survey. Multinomial logistic regression model was fitted to identify predictors of full immunization. The result shows that only 24.3% of the children were fully immunized. There was significant difference between regions in immunization coverage in which Tigray, Dire Dawa, and Addis Ababa performed well. In Oromia, Afar, Somali, Benishangul-Gumuz, and Gambela regions, the likelihood of children’s full immunization was significantly lower. Children born to mothers living in households with better socio-economic status, with frequent access to media, and who visit health facilities for antenatal care were more likely to be fully immunized. The results imply the importance of narrowing regional differences, improving women’s socio-economic status and utilization of antenatal care services, and strengthening culture-sensitive media campaign as a means of achieving full immunization of all childre
Impact Du Dividende Demographique Sur La Croissance Economique Au Senegal
No full textL’impact de la démographie sur la croissance économique a fait l’objet de plusieurs études, mais celles-ci se limitent très souvent au rôle de la taille et de la croissance de la population, et négligent les effets de la structure par âge sur les performances économiques. Pourtant, étant donné que les individus présentent des comportements économiques qui varient selon les âges, toute modification de la structure par âge d’une population a des implications sur les variables économiques. L’objectif de cet article est d’examiner à travers la théorie de l’économie générationnelle la relation entre l’évolution de la structure par âge et la croissance économique au Sénégal. Les résultats de l’estimation à partir d’un modèle à correction d’erreur montrent qu’une augmentation du ratio de soutien d’un point de pourcentage se traduit par une hausse du revenu par tête de 3,7%. Le dividende démographique s’avère donc être une source de croissance pour l’économie sénégalais
Is male circumcision an “Invisible Condom?” Men’s Knowledge, Attitudes, Perception of Risk to HIV infection and willingness to circumcise in Harare, Zimbabwe
No full textIn 2009, the Zimbabwe Ministry of Health launched a national voluntary medical male circumcision programme, targeting to circumcise 80% of males by 2015. The present study examines the impact of men’s knowledge, attitudes and perception of risk of HIV infection to their willingness to accept circumcision. A cross-sectional survey was conducted on 666 men aged 15-35 in Harare, Zimbabwe. The present study employed descriptive statistics, bivariate and logit regression model. The results showed that men who had favourable attitudes towards male circumcision and those who perceived themselves to be at a higher risk of HIV infection were more likely to be willing to circumcise. Contrary to expectation, knowledge of male circumcision was not significantly related to willingness to circumcise. The study’s findings highlight the need for the promotion of the kind of health education which would emphasise the health benefits of male circumcision
Politiques de population et réduction de la fécondité au Burkina Faso : limites et perspectives
No full textCet article vise à comprendre l’action des politiques de population sur la pratique contraceptive et la fécondité selon le niveau d’instruction et le milieu de résidence au Burkina Faso. Il utilise les données issues des Enquêtes démographiques et de santé de 1998 et 2010 du Burkina Faso ainsi que la méthode de la décomposition des sources du changement. Il y ressort que les politiques de planification familiale ont eu d’importants effets sur la connaissance et la pratique contraceptive. Cependant, l’impact de la pratique contraceptive moderne sur la baisse de la fécondité reste assez limité, montrant ainsi l’importance des autres politiques de développement dans la baisse de la fécondité. Nous recommandons une poursuite des politiques de planification familiale mais l’Etat doit aussi mettre l’accent sur l’accès des filles et des femmes à l’éducation et l’amélioration des conditions de vie des populations.