African Population Studies (UAPS) / Etude de la Population Africaine (UEPA)
Not a member yet
571 research outputs found
Sort by
Parent-Child Communication and Reproductive Health Behaviors: A Survey of Adolescent Girls in Rural Tanzania
No full textAdolescents who communicate with their parents about sexual and reproductive health are more likely to make healthy decisions. This study uses data from a survey conducted in Tabora, Tanzania (N= 1,966 unmarried girls; 425 sexually-experienced). Multivariate logistic regression models are estimated to examine associations between parent-child communication and reproductive health outcomes, controlling for respondent and parent characteristics and socio-demographic factors. Among sexually-experienced girls, communication about HIV/AIDS was associated with greater odds of use of family planning, condom at first sex, consistent condom use and HIV testing. Alternately, communication about sexual relations was associated with lower odds of family planning use, while communication on family planning was associated with earlier initiation of sex. Findings indicate the content of parental sexuality communication is an important consideration for adolescent behavior. Interventions should not only engage parents, but also provide guidance on how to communicate clearly and comprehensively about sexuality, contraceptive use and HIV/AIDS
Association between mothers experience of intimate partner violence and under-five morbidity in Nigeria
No full textThe aim of this study was to explore association between Intimate Partner Violence (IPV) and illness in childhood. The study was a secondary data analysis of the 2008 Nigeria Demographic Health Survey (NDHS), involving use of a stratified, 2-stage cluster sampling technique to select 21,160 women with at least one child ≤ 5 years old. Main exposure was experience of past-year IPV prior to survey. Outcome measured were risk of fever, acute respiratory infection (ARI) and diarrhoea within the past 2 weeks. The mean ages of women and children were 29±6.8 years and 27±17.1 months respectively. Prevalence of past-year IPV was 72.6%. Main predictors of under-five morbidity were sexual and physical IPV experience of mothers (AOR: 1.632; CI: 1.419-1.879) and (AOR: 1.17; CI: 1.02-1.36) respectively. Interventions aimed at improving child morbidity status should target protection of mothers from physical and sexual violence perpetration by partners
Surmortalité des enfants dans les quartiers informels de Ouagadougou : effet de composition ou effet de contexte ?
No full textEn Afrique sub-saharienne, les auteurs cherchant à expliquer la surmortalité des enfants des quartiers informels ont rarement essayé de dissocier les caractéristiques sociodémographiques des parents, d’une part, et les effets de contexte, d’autre part, en utilisant une définition « locale » de ces quartiers. Le différentiel de mortalité entre les quartiers formels et informels de la capitale du Burkina Faso est analysé ici à l’aide des données de l’Observatoire de Population de Ouagadougou. Les analyses reposent sur le calcul des taux de mortalité, et sur le modèle de régression de Cox. Au-delà des effets de l’instruction de la mère, de l’âge de la mère, et du niveau de vie du ménage, la résidence dans les quartiers informels est positivement associée à la mortalité des enfants. L’amélioration des conditions sanitaires dans ces quartiers, et un meilleur accès aux services de santé sont deux préalables à la baisse de la mortalité des enfants
Knowledge of Causes of Maternal Deaths and Maternal Health Seeking Behaviour in Nigeria
No full textNigeria has one of the highest maternal mortality rates in the world. The aim of this study is to examine the influence of women’s knowledge of maternal death on their health seeking behaviour during pregnancy and childbirth. The study extracted and utilized respondents who had childbirth within three years prior to 2013 Nigeria Demographic and Health Survey. Bivariate analysis and logistic regressions were used to assess the association between knowledge of maternal death, selected socio-economic factors and health seeking behaviour. The results reveal that 34% did not attend antenatal visits, 27% of the respondents initiated antenatal care in the first trimester of pregnancy and 63% had birth deliveries outside the health facility. This confirms that non-use of health facilities during pregnancy and delivery contributes to the high maternal mortality in Nigeria. The multivariate analysis indicates that the odds ratio of good health-seeking behaviour is significantly generally low among women who had poor knowledge about the causes of maternal death than those who had good knowledge. Other factors influencing maternal-health seeking behaviour are region, education and wealth status. Poor maternal health-seeking behaviour was high among women in the Northern region, the poor women and women who had low educational background. Emphasis should be placed on these factors in considering strategies to improve the maternal health care system in Nigeria
Integration of Solid Waste Management Policies in Kenya: Analysis of coherence, gaps and overlaps
No full textThis study examined the extent to which current solid waste management policies in Kenya are integrated, particularly as they addressed associated health challenges among vulnerable urban populations. The study was a critical interpretive synthesis of contents of the existing policies on solid waste management. We examined horizontal, vertical, and diagonal policy integration as well as internal and external integration. While general solid waste management policies are broad, the institutional and implementation mechanisms proposed by these policies are more centralized. The sector-specific and embedded policies are coherent with the overall theme of the policy document they are in, but they lack mechanisms of implementation within the same policy framework. Major gaps exist in stipulating clear policy strategies and implementation mechanisms as they address health outcomes. Overall, existing solid waste management policies clearly state the policy directions in terms of the required outcomes. But explicit articulation of policy strategies and implementation mechanisms is inadequat
Determinants of time to first birth among women in ages 15–24 in Swaziland
No full textThe purpose of this study was to examine factors influencing transition to first birth at ages below 20 among women in Swaziland. Study respondents were women in ages 15-24 and data was obtained from 2007 DHS. The method involved estimation of survival times for different age cohorts using Kaplan-Meir method, while Cox model was used to estimate the effect of different covariates on transition to first birth. Nearly 42% of respondents had given birth and approximately 80% were below age 20. Overall, survival times before birth was 18.22 years. Education, age of first coitus and timing of contraception use were significantly associated with transition to first birth; on the other hand, household size, place of residence and wealth index were significant only for age cohort 15–19.The study recommends for policies to retain women in school up to secondary level of educatio
Fertility and Household Economic Outcomes among Poor Urban Households in Nairobi informal Settlements, Kenya
No full textWe use longitudinal data on 6,324 households from the Nairobi Urban Health and Demographic Surveillance System and a multidimensional poverty index to investigate the effects of birth of additional children on household poverty transitions between 2006 and 2009. Overall we find more households falling into than moving out of poverty, while more households remained in chronic poverty than those who stayed out of poverty over the study period. Having a birth in a household is a significant net predictor of a household falling into poverty and lessens their prospects of moving out of poverty over the observation period. Following the inevitable expenditures associated with infants’ total care, our findings provide compelling quantitative support for anti-poverty interventions that include the promotion of voluntary family planning programs and smaller family size norms as part of the strategies to address persistent poverty among the urban poo
The Agonies and Glories of Female Domestic Workers in the Gulf States: Experiences of Ex-migrants in Northern Ethiopia
No full textWomen’s response to poverty and unemployment is a major concern for policy makers. One of the most prominent livelihood strategies used by poor, unemployed and uneducated women in Northern Ethiopia is migration to the Middle East to earn money to support their families back home. Based on qualitative data, the study looks into migrant women’s pre-and post-migration scenarios in terms of their economic, social and psychological wellbeing. The pull and push factors, the challenges and opportunities as well as the pattern of decision making are examined. The migration of large number of women domestic workers into the Gulf States is propelled by the need to earn income to support family and save money to start small businesses in their places of origin. Peer pressure and family influence are also found out to be crucial factors in migration. Despite marginal socio-economic gains, migrants are subject to incidents of domestic violence, rape, harassments or even murder. This calls for an integrated and concerted multi-stakeholder effort to empower women through sound policies and interventions.
Women Empowerment And Modern Contraceptive Use Among Married Women In Ibadan, Oyo State
No full textNigeria is a male dominant society where most of the household decisions including those related to their female partner’s health are taken by men. We examined the relationship between women empowerment and Modern Contraceptives (MC) use in Ibadan, Nigeria where such studies is yet to be documented. Cross-sectional survey design involving both qualitative and quantitative was used to examine 597 women from two selected LGAs in Ibadan. Data were analyzed using Chi-square and logistic regression models (alpha=0.05). Mean age of the women was 33.0±6.7 years, 44.4% had secondary education, 32.2.0% was highly empowered and 69.5% used MC. Injectables (35.1%) were the commonest MC method currently used. There was an increase in use of MC as the level of empowerment increased, however the level of education was found to be strongly related to MC even after controlling for other factors. Empowering women through education will promote the use of MC in Nigeri
Risky-Sexuality and the Perceptual Assessment of the Intervention Constituencies: A gender Analysis of Lagos’ School-based Adolescents
No full textThe inadequacies of the typical study designs and the parameters employed in the performance-assessment of adolescents’ sexual-behavioural interventions in the context of HIV/AIDS, provoked this study. It examines risky-sexuality of gender-categorized adolescents; their access to intervention actors and relevance-ascription to existing interventions, classified by originating constituencies. Using a questionnaire administered by purposive-cum-random sampling techniques to final-year Senior Secondary School students, in Lagos, Nigeria, it collected information on parental backgrounds; personal sexuality attributes; exposure to agents-cum-instruments of sexual behavioural re-orientation; and personal assessment of benefitted interventions from the specified constituencies. Findings indicate that both genders which converge appreciably on some personal/parental attributes, contrast on risky-sexuality attributes, and in their relative exposure to constituency-differentiated interventions. Statistical hypothesis shows both genders contrasting on relevance-ascription to intervention constituencies. The study conclusively canvassed for improvement in male-intervention attention, including extending the current analytical-purview to include correlate-analysis of relevance-ascription, and other concerns that broaden intervention-researches’ usefulnes