IAIN (Institut Agama Islam Negeri) Manado Open Journal Systems
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Prayer Practices of International Students at Islamic University of Indonesia: A Comparative Madhhab Study
No full textThis study explores the diversity of salat (ritual prayer) practices among international students at the Islamic University of Indonesia (UII) who come from various Islamic legal madhahib (madhahib, madhahib of Islamic jurisprudence). These differing practices, particularly in salat al-farḍ (obligatory prayers), often raise questions among local students within a predominantly Syafi’i jurisprudential environment. The research aims to examine how international students perform salat and whether they adopt inclusive or exclusive attitudes in responding to local religious norms. Employing a qualitative approach grounded in Bhikhu Parekh’s theory of multiculturalism and comparative Islamic jurisprudence, this study draws on coordination with UII’s Office of International Affairs, closed and open interviews, observations, literature reviews, and Focus Group Discussions (FGDs). Data was analyzed through processes of reduction and interpretive analysis. The findings reveal significant variations in prayer practices, including the recitation of Surat al-Fatiḥah (the Opening Chapter of the Qur’an)—particularly the basmalah (the phrase “In the name of God, the Most Merciful, the Most Compassionate”)—hand positioning, the practice of qunut (a supplicatory prayer), and attitudes toward additional movements during prayer. Theoretically, this study extends comparative madhhab jurisprudence by situating lived ritual differences within a multiculturalism framework, thereby conceptualizing jurisprudential diversity not merely as a practical accommodation, but as a normative foundation for religious inclusivity in contemporary Muslim academic settings
Enhancing Restaurant Business Growth in Indonesia: a Maslahah Perspective on Culinary Industry Development
No full textThis research investigates the challenges in business growth faced by Rumah Makan Rani in Laugendek, Berastagi, especially the drop in customer numbers due to limited menu innovation and weak online promotion. The goal is to analyze both internal and external factors contributing to this decline, focusing on operational and customer-related issues, and to create strategies for business improvement based on the maslahah hajiyyah principle. The study uses a qualitative method, employing SWOT analysis, with data gathered from semi-structured interviews with the business owner and customers, as well as direct observations conducted over two weeks. The results show that the strengths of Rumah Makan Rani lie in its authentic local flavors, halal-certified ingredients, and excellent customer service. However, weaknesses were found in its limited menu variety and low use of digital marketing, which has led to fewer repeat customers compared to competitors offering more diverse menus and better online presence. The research identifies opportunities for business expansion, such as the growing public interest in local cuisine and the increasing popularity of social media platforms, while challenges include fierce competition and rising costs of raw materials. Based on these insights, the study suggests that the business should diversify its menu and leverage digital platforms like Instagram and Facebook to share updates and engage customers. This research aims to offer practical recommendations for small culinary businesses to create sustainable models that bring greater social and economic value to the community
Maslahah-driven Business Model Canvas: Advancing Home-based MSME Development in Medan
No full textHome-based culinary MSMEs have seen substantial growth in response to economic instability and limited formal employment options. UMKM Mama Zahra, a local culinary business in Medan Tembung, has strong product acceptance but struggles with professional management and digital marketing. This study examines how the integration of the Business Model Canvas (BMC) and Maslahah principles from Islamic economics influences sustainable growth and managerial decision-making. Using a qualitative case study approach, data was gathered through in-depth interviews with the business owner and customers, participatory observation of operations, and document analysis. The data were analyzed using thematic analysis to identify patterns in BMC components and Maslahah dimensions (dharuriyyat, hajiyyat, and tahsiniyyah). The results show that Maslahah principles influence decisions in value proposition, customer relationships, and revenue streams by emphasizing ethical practices such as product quality, fair pricing, and customer trust. However, challenges in digital literacy and limited online marketing adoption hinder market expansion, weakening promotional strategies and scalability. For instance, the lack of social media presence and digital sales channels restricts customer acquisition beyond the local area, despite high customer loyalty. The study concludes that combining BMC and Maslahah principles fosters sustainable growth, focusing on economic viability, ethical practices, and community welfare. To enhance competitiveness and long-term success, targeted digital marketing training and continuous business mentoring are recommended for home-based culinary MSMEs
NIKAH SIRI DALAM PERSPEKTIF SADD AL-DZARI’AH
No full textAbstrak: Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk menganalisis bagaimana regulasi pencatatan nikah di Indonesia berfungsi sebagai sarana perlindungan hukum melalui perspektif teori sadd al-dzari’ah. Metode penelitian yang digunakan adalah kualitatif dengan pendekatan yuridis-normatif dan sosiologis, yang diperkuat dengan studi kasus fenomena pernikahan di Kecamatan Girian, Kota Bitung. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa ketiadaan akta nikah menyebabkan lemahnya posisi tawar individu di hadapan hukum, di mana negara tidak dapat memberikan perlindungan perdata bagi pasangan dan keturunannya. Melalui pisau analisis sadd al-dzari’ah, perbuatan yang pada asalnya mubah (nikah secara agama saja) berubah status hukumnya menjadi terlarang atau sangat utama untuk dihindari karena secara pasti dan potensial menghantarkan pada kerusakan (mafsadat) yang lebih besar. Kasus poliandri dan kesulitan pembatalan nikah di KUA Girian menjadi bukti nyata bahwa saksi dan walimah saja tidak lagi cukup sebagai alat bukti otentik di era modern. Penelitian ini menyimpulkan bahwa pencatatan nikah merupakan bentuk perangkat hukum yang krusial untuk menjaga kesucian ikatan mithaqan ghalizan dan menjamin kepastian hukum demi terwujudnya kemaslahatan keluarga sakinah di Indonesia.Kata Kunci: Hukum Keluarga Islam, Pencatatan Nikah, Nikah Siri, Sadd al-Dzari’ah, Administrasi Negara.Abstract: Unregistered Marriage in the Perspective of Sadd al-Dzari’ah. This research aims to analyze how marriage registration regulations in Indonesia function as a means of legal protection through the perspective of the Sadd al-Dzari’ah theory. The research method employed is qualitative, utilizing both socio-legal and normative-juridical approaches, further strengthened by a case study of marriage phenomena in Girian District, Bitung City. The findings indicate that the absence of a marriage certificate results in a weakened legal standing for individuals, whereby the state is unable to provide civil protection for the spouses and their descendants. Through the analytical lens of sadd al-dzari’ah, an act that is originally permissible (mubah) - such as marrying solely under religious rites - undergoes a shift in legal status to prohibited or highly discouraged. This change occurs because such practices both certainly and potentially lead to greater harm (mafsadat). Cases of polyandry and the complexities of marriage annulment at the Girian Religious Affairs Office (KUA) serve as empirical evidence that witnesses and the wedding feast (walimah) are no longer sufficient as authentic instruments of proof in the modern era. This study concludes that marriage registration is a crucial legal mechanism for safeguarding the sanctity of the mithaqan ghalizan (firm covenant) and ensuring legal certainty to achieve the benefit of a sakinah (peaceful) family in Indonesia
Strategi Guru dalam Program Kelas Tahfidz Siswa MTs Negeri 1 Balikpapan
Full text linkPenelitian ini dilatarbelakangi oleh pentingnya strategi pengajaran dalam program kelas tahfidz sebagai upaya mencetak generasi penghafal Al-Qur’an yang unggul secara intelektual, spiritual, dan moral. Tujuan penelitian ini adalah untuk mengetahui strategi yang diterapkan guru dalam program kelas tahfidz serta mengidentifikasi faktor pendukung dan penghambat pelaksanaannya. Penelitian menggunakan metode deskriptif kualitatif dengan teknik wawancara, observasi, dan dokumentasi, serta analisis data melalui kondensasi, penyajian, dan penarikan kesimpulan. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa guru menerapkan strategi melalui metode talaqqi, muroja’ah, dan tasmi’, serta strategi motivasi siswa dengan pendekatan personal, dukungan moral, dan pemanfaatan teknologi. Faktor pendukung program ini meliputi fasilitas madrasah, keterlibatan guru, dan dukungan orang tua, sementara hambatannya mencakup kurangnya kedisiplinan siswa, keterbatasan waktu, beban akademik, serta kurangnya konsistensi dan keterlibatan sebagian orang tua
Comparative Study of Sukuk in the Sharia Capital Market: Evidence in Indonesia
Full text linkThis article discusses a comparative analysis of mudharabah sukuk, ijarah sukuk, and wakalah bi al-istithmar sukuk. This article aims to highlight and analyse the comparison of mudharabah sukuk, ijarah sukuk, and wakalah bi al-istitsmar sukuk so as to provide answers to the effectiveness and efficiency of the sukuk concept without denying the sharia principles in it. This research is in the form of a comparative study, namely a research procedure that compares interrelated variables by determining their differences and similarities. The data sources used come from books, classical text (yellow book), scientific article, website internet, theses, and fatwas related to the theme the author is taking. The results of the research in the article are: First, there are differences in the characteristics and schemes of mudharabah sukuk, ijarah sukuk, and wakalah bi al-istithmar sukuk, these three sukuk schemes are permissible because they are by predetermined rules. The differences that exist in these three types of sukuk do not mean that they are not allowed to make each other but can be done in different ways. Second, from this comparison, the author sees that investment in sukuk with certainly contract characteristics, especially ijarah sukuk, tends to be safer because of the certainty of the predetermined ujrah. Third, of the three types of sukuk, sukuk with a wakalah bi al-istitsmar scheme tend to be more flexible and easier to understand and implement. The level of risk and profit of the three is different, sukuk with certainly contracts tend to be safer but stable profits and tend to stagnate in contrast to sukuk that use uncertain contracts whose risks tend to be greater but there is a possibility of greater profits
Logistics Governance of the 2024 General Election in Tegal Regency: A Sentiment Analysis of Distribution and Packaging Effectiveness
Full text linkThe 2024 general election in Tegal Regency involved significant organizational complexity with 1,242,454 registered voters and 4,684 polling stations, necessitating effective logistics governance. Electoral success is determined not only by public participation but also by the effectiveness of logistics governance that ensures the availability of voting equipment in the right time, quantity, quality, and target. This study aims to analyze sentiment regarding the effectiveness of election logistics governance in the 2024 election at the Tegal Regency Election Commission through a multi-stakeholder perspective and identify supporting factors and constraints in the logistics distribution and packaging system. The research employs a qualitative approach with sentiment analysis methodology to examine the effectiveness of election logistics governance. Primary data were collected through in-depth interviews with representatives from four levels of election organizers: Tegal Regency Election Commission (KPU), District Election Committee (PPK), Polling Station Committee (PPS), and Polling Station Working Group (KPPS). Data analysis utilized NVivo 12 Pro software to classify sentiments into positive, negative, and neutral categories. The findings reveal a predominance of negative sentiment encompassing technical constraints in logistics procurement, distribution delays, inadequate supervision, and non-compliance with standard operating procedures. Positive sentiment was identified in distribution timeliness and inter-stakeholder coordination. This research contributes methodologically through the application of sentiment analysis in evaluating election logistics governance and recommends systematic improvements in quality control, human resource training, and time management to enhance the effectiveness of future electoral administration
Beyond Silence: Addressing Sexual Education in Islamic Educational Institutions for a Holistic Contemporary Curriculum
No full textSexual education within Islamic educational institutions is frequently silenced by cultural and religious stigma; however, this study unveils the potential for transformation through a holistic approach. Employing a qualitative methodology involving interviews, observations, and document analysis in Mandailing Natal, this research reveals that 68% of students, 62% of teachers, and 57% of parents endorse the teaching of sexuality within an Islamic framework. Nevertheless, existing curricula, encompassing 25% coverage in pesantrens, 15% in madrasahs, and 8% in junior high schools (SMP), fail to deliver substantial comprehension (20-35%) due to normative and fragmented approaches. A pilot implementation of a holistic model in a pesantren, integrating biology, Islamic ethics, and guided discussions, enhanced student understanding by 85% and reduced teacher stigma by 60%, with the collaboration of ulama and local elements serving as pivotal factors. This study proposes a replicable model that bridges tradition and modernity, asserting that silence can be overcome to protect adolescents from digital risks without compromising Islamic identity. Its implications are pertinent to global Islamic educational reform
Eksplorasi Adab Belajar berdasarkan Kitab Ta’lim Muta’alim dan Hasil Belajar Matematika Kelas XI
No full textPenelitian ini bertujuan untuk menggali secara mendalam praktik tata krama belajar yang bersumber dari kitab Ta’lim al-Muta’allim serta kaitannya dengan capaian hasil belajar matematika siswa kelas XI. Penelitian dilaksanakan di SMA IT Nur Hidayah pada tahun pembelajaran 2024/2025 dengan menggunakan pendekatan metode campuran (mixed methods) melalui desain eksplorasi berurutan. Pengumpulan data dilakukan secara komprehensif melalui observasi kegiatan pembelajaran, wawancara dengan guru dan peserta didik, serta analisis dokumen hasil belajar matematika. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa internalisasi adab belajar, seperti meluruskan niat dalam menuntut ilmu, menumbuhkan sikap hormat kepada guru dan teman sebaya, serta membiasakan ketekunan dan kesungguhan dalam belajar, berkontribusi positif terhadap terciptanya lingkungan belajar yang kondusif. Kondisi tersebut berdampak pada peningkatan hasil belajar, khususnya pada mata pelajaran matematika. Data statistik menunjukkan bahwa sebagian besar siswa memperoleh nilai pada kategori menengah hingga tinggi dengan skor rata-rata sebesar 87,93. Meskipun demikian, penelitian ini juga menemukan adanya tantangan, terutama terkait kurangnya fokus dan konsentrasi sebagian siswa selama proses pembelajaran berlangsung
Discoursing and Mobilizing Religious Moderation in Indonesia 2022-2024: A Critical View
No full textAbstract: Building religious behavior in society that fosters social sensitivity, sensitivity towards others, and national awareness still requires the participation of many parties, including contributions in thought, ideas, political policies, and societal momentum. As a nation with a society rich in social, religious, cultural, and political diversity, developing a narrative and discourse on religious moderation is absolutely necessary. This study critiques the ideas and movements of religious moderation in Indonesia, both in academic and political contexts, as well as what is being done by society and in the realm of digital platforms. With data and the process of diversifying patterns of discourse and movements, as well as the critical analysis conducted by the researcher, the discourse and movement of religious moderation still prioritize pragmatic interests rather than building a fundamental narrative. It is as if this movement must be accepted and practiced in daily life without realizing that such a narrative should be part of ethical religious descriptions. This means that if ethical and epistemological awareness is constructed in such a way within society, then moderate religious discourse will naturally emerge from self-awareness, without the need for it to be campaigned by the state or certain groups with significant costs. Keywords: Religion, Moderation, Episteme, Sociology, and Indonesia Abstrak: Membangun perilaku beragama di masyarakat yang menumbuhkan kepekaan sosial, kepekaan terhadap sesama, dan kesadaran berbangsa tetap memerlukan peran serta banyak pihak, termasuk sumbangan pemikiran, gagasan, kebijakan politik, dan momentum kemasyarakatan. Sebagai bangsa yang masyarakatnya kaya akan keberagaman sosial, agama, budaya, dan politik, membangun narasi dan wacana moderasi beragama mutlak diperlukan. Kajian ini mengkritisi gagasan dan gerakan moderasi beragama di Indonesia, baik dalam konteks akademis maupun politik, serta apa yang tengah dilakukan oleh masyarakat dan di ranah platform digital. Dengan data dan proses diversifikasi pola wacana dan gerakan, serta analisis kritis yang dilakukan peneliti, wacana dan gerakan moderasi beragama masih lebih mengutamakan kepentingan pragmatis ketimbang membangun narasi yang fundamental. Gerakan ini seolah-olah harus diterima dan dipraktikkan dalam kehidupan sehari-hari tanpa menyadari bahwa narasi semacam itu seharusnya menjadi bagian dari deskripsi keagamaan yang etis. Artinya, apabila kesadaran etika dan epistemologi sudah terkonstruksi sedemikian rupa dalam masyarakat, maka wacana keagamaan yang moderat akan lahir dengan sendirinya dari kesadaran itu sendiri, tanpa perlu dikampanyekan oleh negara atau kelompok tertentu dengan biaya yang tidak sedikit.Kata Kunci: Agama, Moderasi, Episteme, Sosiologi, dan Indonesia