Atharva Scientific Publications (E-Jounals)
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Correlation between body mass index and blood pressure in urban school-going children of age 6–14 years
No full textBackground: Obesity and hypertension (HT) have been on a rise in children. Both are associated with the increased cardiovascular disease risk and related morbidity and mortality in adulthood. Objectives: The objectives of the study were to determine the body mass index (BMI) and blood pressure (BP) of school-going urban children and to find out the correlation between BMI and BP. Materials and Methods: This study was performed on 1000 healthy school-going children (492 males and 508 females). BMI and BP were determined and recorded. Relevant statistical analysis was performed to divulge the relationship. Results: A significant (p<0.001) and positive correlation was observed between BMI and BP irrespective of gender. HT and prehypertension were observed in a higher proportion of obese and overweight study subjects. Conclusion: Control of obesity is one of the most important preventive aspects of HT in children
The outcome of instrument-assisted soft-tissue mobilization in conjunction with functional training in a patient with chronic regional pain syndrome post-supraspinatus arthroscopic repair
No full textChronic regional pain syndrome (CRPS) is a condition that shows extreme pain that is disproportionate in time and intensity. Instrument-assisted soft-tissue mobilization is a new range of tools that enable clinicians to efficiently locate and treat individuals diagnosed with soft-tissue dysfunction. Here, we report the case of a 50-year-old female who was diagnosed with high-grade partial articular surface supraspinatus tear which was surgically managed by arthroscopic repair. A thorough assessment revealed that there was a severe restriction of shoulder ranges and pain. She was into Stage I of CRPS. Usually, in CRPS, the mainstay of treatment is pain block or dry needling or painkillers such as nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drugs and tramadol before starting the exercises. However, she was initially treated with instrument-assisted soft-tissue release and subsequently given functional training for the improvement in range of movements and control. There was not only a considerable improvement in her range but also a reduction in the pain within 12-week post-operative. Thus, we can conclude that instrument-assisted soft-tissue release and functional training not only helped to ameliorate her pain and improved the range but also gave her a sense of active involvement in her household chores
The effect of different types of food consumed on interstitial blood glucose levels – A case report
No full textDietary factors influence blood glucose levels. We report the case of a 57-year-old female with 8 years history of Type 2 diabetes mellitus. She does a physical activity like cycling 5 days a week for 45 min and does yoga 3 days a week for 30 min. She was on tablets gliclazide in the morning and sitagliptin combination with metformin in the night. The continuous glucose monitor tracked the blood glucose levels on different diets which were taken for 5 days. In this report, higher dietary fiber in little millet and finger millet maintained the blood glucose levels well within limits even at 90 min after the intake of the meal. Breakfast with mixed fruits and cereals increases postprandial sugar levels. It is very important how we mix different types of foods in a particular meal as it tends to affect postprandial blood glucose levels
Study of hematological parameters in the early diagnosis of neonatal sepsis in tertiary care center in Jharkhand
No full textBackground: Bacterial sepsis is a major cause of morbidity and mortality in newborns. Probable sepsis is a clinical and laboratory finding consistent with bacterial infection without a positive culture. Objectives: The objectives of the study were to study and determine the predictive value of hematological parameters in the early diagnosis of neonatal sepsis at a tertiary care center in Jharkhand. Materials and Methods: This was a prospective study conducted from July 2016 to June 2017 in a tertiary care teaching hospital in Jharkhand. A total of 110 neonates admitted in neonatal intensive care unit of the hospital, with either clinical suspicion of sepsis or having predisposing perinatal factors for sepsis, were included in the study. In this study, hematological scoring system (HSS) along with clinical profile of patient and sepsis screening tests was studied. Sensitivity, specificity, and positive predictive value (PPV) of each parameter were studied and analyzed. Results: Out of 46 cases with culture-proven sepsis, 40 (86.95%) infants had score ≥5 and 6 (13.04%) had scores 3–4. HSS had a sensitivity of 86.95% and a specificity of 78.12%. HSS had PPV of 74.07%. Male babies were observed to be affected more than female babies. Conclusion: As no single individual hematological parameter is superior to other in predicting neonatal sepsis, a combination of these parameters in the form of HSS and C-reactive protein has been recommended. We conclude that HSS is a useful test to distinguish the infected from non-infected neonates
Primary ovarian non-Hodgkin’s lymphoma in a 1-year-old child: A rare case report
No full textPrimary ovarian non-Hodgkin’s lymphomas (NHLs) are extremely rare. The definitive diagnosis can be done only by correlation of the clinical, radiological and pathological findings. Secondary ovarian lymphomas as a part of systemic disease are well known. We report a case of primary NHL of the ovary in a 1-year-old female child with unilateral involvement. Ultrasonography revealed a large pelvic mass, without associated regional or distant lymphadenopathy. The diagnosis was established by histological study and subsequent immunohistochemistry of the excised tumor mass. The case is rare due to its primary nature and presentation in this age group. Prognosis of primary ovarian lymphoma is the same as that of other primary nodal lymphomas. We want to highlight the importance of considering this as a differential diagnosis of lower abdominal mass in appropriate clinicoradiological scenario
Case report of ulcerative pyoderma gangrenosum of the forearm: A challenging diagnosis
No full textPyoderma gangrenosum (PG) is an uncommon disease associated with significant morbidity, characterized by the rapid development of a painful, necrolytic ulcer with undermined, irregular margins. Various clinical or histological subtypes have been illustrated in the literature. The diagnoses of various subtypes of PG are difficult due to its uneven presentation, clinical overlap with other conditions and not have specific diagnostic laboratory tests or classical histopathological findings. PG is frequently misdiagnosed as infection, results in delay or inappropriate treatment of the same, which leads to devastating results such as amputation of limbs and even demise. We report here the rare case of a 64-year-old woman who had initially presented with tender papules over the right forearm, later developed expanding ulcers and underwent serial debridements, which resulted in extensive ulcerative PG at the same site. This case highlights the challenges being faced while diagnosing ulcerative PG, emphasizes the key clinical and histopathological findings to aid in the final diagnosis, and also the clinical consequences of delayed diagnosis of this condition
Isovaleric acidemia in a neonate presenting as sepsis and diabetic ketoacidosis: A case report
No full textIsovaleric acidemia (IVA), an inborn error of leucine catabolism resulting in the accumulation of derivatives of isovaleryl-CoA that leads to hyperammonemia and ketoacidosis. IVA is clinically characterized by lethargy, vomiting, and a distinctive smell of “sweaty feet.” We report the case of a 10-day-old male neonate who presented with acute encephalopathy, hyperglycemia, increased anion gap metabolic acidosis, ketosis, and features of sepsis. After the management of acute metabolic decompensation, he was successfully treated with dietary restriction of leucine and L-carnitine supplementation. This case is of interest because of the rarity of presentation, early detection, and prompt implementation of the treatment with satisfactory outcomes
Role of high-resolution computed tomography temporal bone in the evaluation of unsafe chronic suppurative otitis media
No full textBackground: Unsafe or atticoantral chronic suppurative otitis media (CSOM) is characterized by scanty, purulent, and foul-smelling discharge with attic or marginal tympanic membrane perforation. This can be associated with serious complications. Objective: The objective of the study was to evaluate the pre-operative high-resolution computed tomography (HRCT) temporal bone findings in unsafe CSOM and to determine its usefulness in patients undergoing surgery. Materials and Methods: In this prospective study, 50 random patients with clinically diagnosed as unsafe CSOM from the ENT Department were subjected to HRCT temporal bone in the Department of Radiodiagnosis, Sriram Chandra Bhanj Medical College, Cuttack. The radiological findings were compared with the intraoperative findings. Results: The study results show a good correlation between the pre-operative (HRCT) and intraoperative findings. Cholesteatoma was seen in 35 cases. Ossicle erosion was seen in 40 cases with incus being the most commonly eroded ossicle, followed by scutum erosion (25 cases), mastoid cortex erosion (10 cases), sinus plate erosion (8 cases), tegmen erosion (6 cases), lateral semicircular canal erosion (4 cases), and facial canal erosion (5 cases). Among the extracranial complications (32 cases), mastoiditis was the most common complication and among the intracranial complications (3 cases), epidural abscess was most commonly seen. Conclusion: HRCT temporal bone helps in depicting the site, extent of the disease, bony erosions, and complications associated with the disease proving to be very helpful in surgical planning. Hence, it is necessary to preoperatively evaluate every case of unsafe CSOM with HRCT
Thyroid storm following trauma: A rare case report
No full textThyroid storm, a complication of hyperthyroidism, can present with features such as altered sensorium, fever, and tachycardia. Similar features are common in trauma patients and may mask any underlying hyperthyroidism. A thorough history, recognition of risk factors, and early analysis of thyroid function in patients with unresolving fever, altered sensorium, and tachycardia can circumvent unnecessary investigations and the high mortality associated with the missed diagnosis of thyroid storm
The untold story of primary alveolar soft part sarcoma of the fibula: A rare case report with review of the literature
No full textAlveolar soft part sarcoma (ASPS) is a rare soft-tissue tumor occurring in skeletal muscles or musculofascial planes with an incidence of 0.5–1%. In adults, the lower extremity is most commonly involved, whereas in children, the involvement of the head-and-neck region is more common. Metastasis to the brain, bone, and lungs is common; however, primary bone involvement is extremely rare. We report the case of a 25-year-old male who presented with a painless slowly progressive swelling in the left lower limb for 1 year with no history of trauma. The case was diagnosed as primary ASPS of the fibula after ruling out the involvement of soft tissue and other organs. To the best of our knowledge, only 11 cases of primary ASPS of bone have been reported so far