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Reviewer Acknowledgement
Get PDFThe practice of peer review is to ensure the research published in Current Issues in Sport Science (CISS) is of the highest standard. Peer review lies at the heart of scholarly publishing and is utilized by all reputable journals. Our referees and section editors play a crucial role in developing the reputation of Current Issues in Sport Science (CISS) to a leading forum for original research in the field. Therefore, I would like to formally thank all who have so willingly and voluntarily contributed to the journal in 2016
The IOC and Olympic bids from democracies and authoritarian regimes – A socioeconomic analysis and strategic insights
Get PDFIn this socio-economic study, the bidding processes for the Winter Olympic Games in 2022 and the Summer Games in 2024 and 2028 serve as case studies to scrutinize the decisions linked to the bidding process in democratic countries and authoritarian states. Transaction cost economics is employed as a lens to outline the problems that the findings pose for the IOC and to understand why the organization has to keep a certain proximity to authoritarian states for strategic reasons. This measure can be considered an insurance policy because of the high and likely sunk ex ante transaction costs that characterize bids from democratic countries. It will become apparent that keeping good working relations with authoritarian governments helps the IOC to secure the future of its main revenue driver, the Olympic Games, thus providing for its own future. Furthermore, the IOC’s decision to include the Summer Olympic Games in 2028 in the bidding process originally geared towards the Games in 2024 will be outlined as a logical consequence of the developments that are analysed in this study. This strategic move will turn out to be a logical consequence of the developments that are analysed in this paper
Fan motives for interacting on social media – the example of the International Table Tennis Federation and Facebook
Get PDFSocial media has become an important tool for sport organisations to interact with fans. In particular for sports that have smaller marketing budgets and that do not receive mainstream media coverage on a daily basis, social media platforms provide unique communication and marketing opportunities to overcome such challenges. This study investigates the motives of fans to communicate on the Facebook page of the International Table Tennis Federation (ITTF). It is the first study that focuses on the use of social media in the context of an international sport federation. Knowledge about the gratifications sought by fans while interacting on social media is important for organisations to develop more customised online content, as this may help to reach further goals such as maintaining public interest, reinforcing brand awareness or developing closer relationships with stakeholders. We extend the academic understanding of sport fans’ motives in the context of social media and derive implications that can be relevant for managers of (niche) sport organisations with limited financial and personal resources
Functional Relevance of the Small Muscles Crossing the Ankle Joint
Get PDFIt has been suggested that increasing muscle strength could help reducing the frequency of running injuries and that a top-down approach using an increase in hip muscle strength will result in a reduced range of movement and reduced external moments at the knee and ankle level. This paper suggests, that a bottom-up approach using an increase of strength of the small muscles crossing the ankle joint, should reduce movement and loading at the ankle, knee and hip. This bottom-up approach is discussed in detail in this paper from a conceptional point of view. The ankle joint has two relatively “large” extrinsic muscles and seven relatively small extrinsic muscles. The large muscles have large levers for plantar-dorsi flexion but small levers for pro-supination. In the absence of strong small muscles the large muscles are loaded substantially when providing balancing with respect to pro-supination. Specifically, the Achilles tendon will be loaded in this situation asymmetrically with high local stresses. Furthermore, a mechanical model with springs shows that (a) the amplitude of the displacement with the strong small springs is smaller and (b) that the loading in the joints of the springs is substantially smaller for the model with the strong small springs. Additionally, strong and active small muscles crossing the ankle joint provide stability for the ankle joint (base). If they are weak, forces in the ankle, knee and hip joint increase substantially due to multiple co-contractions at the joints. Finally, movement transfer between foot and tibia is high for movements induced from the bottom and small for movements induced from the top. Based on these considerations one should speculate that the bottom-up approach may be substantially more effective in preventing running injuries than the top down approach. Various possible strategies to strengthen the small muscles of the ankle joint are presented
Scientific approaches to technological officiating aids in game sports
Get PDFAn increasing number of sports use, what we call, technological umpiring aids to support their umpires and referees respectively. In order to create a basis for further investigations, the aim of this review is to survey the respective literature to extract universal issues of these aids, which are used in different ways in a wide range of settings. Therefore we identified 23 studies, of which the majority was published in the current decade. These studies also embraced, beside empirical works, contributions of the fields of philosophy and jurisprudence. Based on the approaches and findings of the selected studies we identified seven major issues: the underlying phenomena, usage patterns, accuracy, standard of review, influence on the nature of the game, material as well as immaterial costs and the amount of authority that is granted to the umpiring aid. Further, we found regularly some overlapping between these issues, but also that some matters of interest haven’t even been touched so far, for example studying the influence of technological umpiring aids on stakeholders’ opinions. Empirical as well as theoretical evaluations of technological umpiring aids have to deal with this complexity. As this seems to be neglected currently, we suggest that further studies should show awareness of this in their approaches as well as in their conclusions.
The first year of current issues in sport science (2016) – journey has started
Get PDFCURRENT ISSUES IN SPORT SCIENCE (CISS) hast started by building an international team with experts from all fields of sport science around an editorial team of six section editors and one editor in chief. After finding a publisher and the development of layout and website, the formal outbreak in 2016 lead to one target article about quiet eye research with 15 commentaries. Out of nine original submissions, two were published in 2016, some more are in the pipeline. Overall, for sure not a rash start but a sound development of a long-term project, which now is dependent from high quality submissions of sport scientists
Sylvie Vartan – 50 ans de bonheur? Stationen in der Karriere eines yé-yé-Idols
Get PDFAbout 50 years ago, Sylvie Vartan was one of the major stars of the French chanson yé-yé. Being the perfect example of promulgation through the mass media, she quickly received the status of an idol and became one of the favorite copains of French adolescents in the 1960s. As one of the few real stars of the yé-yé movement, she managed to continue her career up to the present day: first by adopting the American show model, then by engaging in projects with new authors and representatives of the new French chanson. Success was not always part of the show, but Vartan found a way to conserve parts of her public even in the new millennium. Is this the reason why she can be considered an idol unaffected by time