OJS - Uni Innsbruck
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Examining the functionality of peripheral vision: From fundamental understandings to applied sport science
Get PDFIn sports, it is important not only to locate gaze on the right location to utilize the high acuity of foveal vision, but also to attend to other objects in the environment without looking directly at them, accordingly, using peripheral vision. Peripheral vision becomes especially important if, for example, the processing of information from more than one location (e.g. players) is decisive in making accurate decisions. Since such decisions generally must be made under high spatio-temporal demands, costly eye-movements might be advantageously avoided by using peripheral vision for information pick-up from multiple cues. In a series of studies, we aimed to translate the demands found in sports and to investigate the functionality of peripheral vision in a well-controlled experimental paradigm, the multiple object tracking (MOT) task. MOT was implemented in a dual task, along with an additional event-detection task. The present article first presents an overview of sport-specific studies focusing on the functionality of peripheral vision and following, summarizes a series of three published MOT studies. These studies show that peripheral vision is used for simultaneous target monitoring and target-change detection and that visual and attentional demands affect gaze anchoring and change-detection rates. Results also reveal a dysfunctionality of saccades, and further suggest an event- and distance-optimized gaze-anchoring position. In the final portion of this article, we derive specific applications for future sports-specific research. Specifically, we suggest to: (a) use dual-task situations in sport-specific settings, such as monitoring multiple players in soccer and playing a pass at specific moments, (b) investigate the costs of saccades in sports situations with high spatio-temporal demands, as in martial arts, and finally, (c) manipulate attentional and visual demands. For each of these avenues of research, we sketch sports-specific experiments currently being conducted in our research group
Fernand Hörner (Hg.): Kulturkritik und das Populäre in der Musik. Münster/New York, Waxmann, 2016. ISBN 978-3-8309-3361-8. 337 Seiten.
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Why a new sport science journal?
Get PDFThis “inaugural” editorial summarizes conversations which have led to the development of the journal “Current Issues in Sport Science (CISS)”. The main reason for CISS was, that – despite developing rapidly – sport science has a lack of “full scope sport science journals”. Furthermore, sport science as an interdisciplinary discipline I believe can benefit from a reinforced identity through mutual acceptance of all streams. This new journal aims to address this need for more inclusive outlets for sport science. The last section of this editorial describes methods of publication concluding that open access (OA) publication, which guarantees free use and rapid distribution of all published work, is the best approach for this Journal
