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Active versus Passive Equity Fund Performance in Indonesia: Evidence from Risk-Adjusted Measures and Manager Fees (2018–2025)
Full text linkThis study examines whether actively managed Indonesian equity mutual funds deliver superior net-of-fee, risk-adjusted performance compared to the Jakarta Composite Index (JCI) as a proxy for passive investment. Using a quantitative approach, the analysis covers 119 conventional Indonesian equity mutual funds over the period 2018–2025, encompassing pre-COVID, COVID, and post-COVID market regimes. Risk-adjusted performance is evaluated using the CAPM-based Single Index Model and a matrix of Sharpe ratio, Treynor ratio, and Jensen’s alpha, with non-parametric statistical tests applied to assess performance differentials.
The results indicate that, after fees, active equity mutual funds underperform the JCI benchmark across most performance measures, with median Sharpe ratios and Jensen’s alphas not statistically different from or lower than the benchmark. Evidence of partial market efficiency and widespread closet indexing is observed, while any behavioural mispricing appears insufficient to generate persistent alpha capable of offsetting higher management and expense fees. These findings suggest that active management does not provide significant added value in the Indonesian equity market over the long term. Investors may benefit more from passive investment strategies, while regulators are encouraged to enhance fee transparency and performance disclosure to support informed investment decisions
Literasi Fintech, Kompetensi Digital, dan Minat Karir Auditor Digital: Pendekatan Theory of Planned Behavior pada Mahasiswa Akuntansi
Full text linkThe rapid digitalization of the accounting and auditing profession has increased demand for digitally skilled auditors, particularly those capable of operating in FinTech-driven environments. This study examines the simultaneous and partial effects of FinTech literacy and digital competency on students’ interest in pursuing a career as a digital auditor, drawing on the Theory of Planned Behavior (TPB) as the underlying theoretical framework. Using a quantitative approach, data were collected from undergraduate accounting students and analyzed using multiple linear regression with SPSS. The results of the F-test indicate that FinTech literacy and digital competency jointly have a significant effect on students’ interest in the digital auditor profession. However, partial testing reveals that both FinTech literacy and digital competency exhibit a negative and significant individual effect on career interest. These findings suggest that higher levels of knowledge and digital skills may simultaneously increase awareness of professional risks, technological complexity, and job demands associated with digital auditing, which in turn can reduce career interest. The results align with TPB by indicating that perceived behavioral control and attitude toward the profession may be shaped not only by competence but also by perceived difficulty and risk. This study contributes to the literature by highlighting the paradoxical role of digital competence and FinTech literacy in career intention formation and provides practical implications for accounting education in designing curricula that balance skill development with career orientation and risk awareness. This study contributes to the literature on digital audit career intentions by demonstrating that advanced digital capabilities may generate ambivalent effects on career interest, particularly through heightened risk perception and job demands. From a practical perspective, the findings imply that accounting curricula and audit education should not only strengthen digital and FinTech competencies but also address career orientation, professional readiness, and realistic perceptions of digital audit work
Dampak Implementasi Sistem Just In Time terhadap Efisiensi Biaya dan Produktivitas Tenaga Kerja pada Usaha Penggilingan Padi Skala UKM (Studi Kasus UD. Suka Kerja)
Full text linkBusiness competition requires firms to improve productivity and efficiency to remain competitive. One strategy that can be adopted is the Just In Time (JIT) system, which emphasizes demand-based production and inventory minimization. This study analyzes the implementation of JIT and its impact on cost efficiency and labor productivity at UD. Suka Kerja, a small and medium-sized rice milling enterprise. Prior studies on JIT largely focus on large-scale manufacturing firms and operational efficiency, while empirical evidence on partial JIT implementation in SMEs, particularly its implications for labor productivity, cost control, and worker welfare, remains limited. This study employs a qualitative case study approach supported by quantitative performance analysis. Data were collected through observation, interviews, and documentation, and analyzed using the interactive model of Miles, Huberman, and Saldana with triangulation of sources and techniques. The findings indicate that although JIT implementation at UD. Suka Kerja remains partial and transitional, as reflected by residual inventory from previous periods and workflow adjustments, it has contributed positively to operational performance. Total production costs decreased by 1.35%, production cost productivity increased from 0.0000671 kg/IDR to 0.0000714 kg/IDR, and production efficiency reached 104.9% relative to the pre-JIT standard. In addition, working hours were reduced by 27.2%, resulting in a 32% increase in labor productivity. Cost control contributed dominantly to profit growth, accounting for 84.49% of the increase in net profit. However, these performance improvements were accompanied by social trade-offs, particularly reduced working hours and worker income, which affected labor acceptance of the JIT system. The findings suggest that while JIT enhances efficiency and financial performance in SMEs, its successful implementation requires alignment with human resource management policies to ensure balanced outcomes between operational efficiency and worker welfare
QRIS Dan Fenomena Cashless Society: Efisiensi Pembayaran Digital Terhadap Perspektif Gen Z
Full text linkThis study aims to analyze the efficiency level of the QRIS (Quick Response Code Indonesian Standard) digital payment system from the perspective of Generation Z in Medan. The four main indicators measured were transaction speed, ease of use, transaction costs, and system convenience and reliability. This study used a descriptive quantitative approach with 100 active QRIS user respondents. The analysis results showed that QRIS had an overall efficiency level of 79.85%, categorized as "Moderate" according to Tenriajeng's (2003) classification. Transaction speed (83.4%) and ease of use (83.6%) were the most efficient aspects, while transaction costs and system convenience and reliability (76.2%) still need improvement. Theoretically, these findings reinforce the relevance of the Technology Acceptance Model (TAM) and the Bank for International Settlements' concept of payment system efficiency, which emphasizes that perceptions of speed, convenience, and reliability are key factors in the acceptance of digital financial technology. In practice, QRIS has played a significant role in accelerating the transformation toward a cashless society, although improvements in system stability, digital infrastructure, and customer service are still needed to achieve optimal efficiency and strengthen national financial inclusion
Pengaruh Green Investment dan Tata Kelola terhadap Nilai Perusahaan
Full text linkThis study aims to investigate the impact of integrating green investment (GI) and good corporate governance (GCG) practices on firm value among companies listed in the SRI-KEHATI Index on the Indonesia Stock Exchange during the 2020–2024 period. Using a panel data regression approach, the study seeks to address the literature gap concerning the synergy between sustainability initiatives and effective governance in value creation, particularly within the context of emerging markets. The results indicate that, individually, green investment has a positive and statistically significant effect on firm value, while GCG exerts a positive but statistically insignificant effect. However, when considered simultaneously or integratively, green investment and GCG jointly have a positive and significant influence on firm value. These findings suggest that the combination of sustainable investment and sound governance enhances market perceptions of firms and contributes to long-term value creatio
Pengaruh Penghindaran Pajak terhadap Risiko Penurunan Harga Saham dengan Kinerja Keberlanjutan sebagai Variabel Moderasi
Full text linkNegative news concerning a company often incentivizes its managers to sell their shares due to a loss of market confidence and pressure. Large-scale, synchronized share selling can potentially cause the stock price to decline further, resulting in a stock price crash risk driven by negative market sentiment. The purpose of this study is to analyze the effect of tax avoidance on stock price crash risk and to examine whether the moderation of sustainability performance (ESG) influences this relationship, addressing a current research gap in the literature. Method: The data utilized in this research consists of non-financial firms listed on the Indonesia Stock Exchange (IDX) over the period 2018 to 2023. Data was primarily sourced from Thomson Reuters. Due to the nature of the data, the study employed unbalanced panel data, resulting in a final sample of 156 firm-year observations. The hypothesis testing was conducted using the Fixed Effect Model (FEM) panel data regression. Result: The empirical results indicate that tax avoidance is not significantly related to stock price crash risk. Furthermore, the moderation of sustainability disclosure is not proven to affect the relationship between tax avoidance and stock price crash risk. Discussion: This study provides the first empirical evidence from Indonesia combining and testing the relationship among tax avoidance, ESG performance, and stock price crash risk. The lack of significant findings suggests that sustainability disclosure in the Indonesian context may not yet serve as a credible signal for investors to effectively mitigate the risks of information opacity associated with tax avoidance practices
Environmental Management Accounting Disclosure and Market Valuation: A Critical Analysis of ESG Performance Impact on Stock Price Volatility in Indonesia Stock Exchange Listed Companies
Full text linkPurpose: This research investigates the relationship between Environmental Management Accounting (EMA) disclosure quality and market valuation, specifically examining how ESG performance mediates the impact on stock price volatility among Indonesia Stock Exchange (IDX) listed companies. The study explores how comprehensive environmental accounting disclosures influence investor behavior and market dynamics within emerging capital markets.
Method: This study employs a quantitative approach using panel data regression analysis with fixed effects modeling. The research sample comprises 180 IDX-listed companies across various sectors from 2019-2023, generating 900 firm-year observations. Data analysis was conducted using STATA 18.0 to examine the relationships between EMA disclosure quality, ESG performance, and stock price volatility while controlling for firm-specific characteristics and market conditions.
Findings: The results demonstrate that EMA disclosure quality significantly reduces stock price volatility (? = -0.428, p < 0.001) and enhances ESG performance scores (? = 0.634, p < 0.001). ESG performance serves as a partial mediator, explaining 42.7% of the total effect of EMA disclosure on stock price volatility. The model explains 58.4% of stock price volatility variance, indicating strong explanatory power of environmental accounting disclosures in market valuation dynamics.
Novelty: This study provides the first comprehensive empirical evidence linking environmental management accounting disclosure practices with capital market outcomes in an emerging market context. The research contributes to the literature by demonstrating how environmental accounting transparency creates value through reduced information asymmetry and enhanced ESG performance, ultimately stabilizing stock price movements
Assessing Technical, Cognitive, and Psychological Readiness of Prospective Auditors in the Era of Artificial Intelligence
Full text linkThis study aims to analyze the influence of prospective auditors' readiness to face the era of Artificial Intelligence (AI), viewed from three dimensions: Technical Readiness, Cognitive Readiness, and Psychological Readiness. The research uses a quantitative approach with a survey method applied to 100 accounting students from various universities in Indonesia who have completed an auditing course. The data was analyzed using multiple linear regression with the help of SPSS version 16. The research findings indicate that all three dimensions of readiness Technical Readiness, Cognitive Readiness, and Psychological Readiness have a significant positive impact on AI acceptance. Together, these three variables are able to explain 45.3% of the variation in AI acceptance. This finding confirms that the readiness of prospective auditors is multidimensional, with the psychological aspect being the most dominant factor, followed by the cognitive and technical aspects. The implications of this research emphasize the importance of developing an accounting curriculum that not only focuses on technical skills but also builds AI literacy, critical thinking, and students' confidence in collaborating with AI technology
Do Green Banking and ISR Create Firm Value? The Moderating of GCG in Islamic Banks
Full text linkAlthough sustainability disclosures are increasingly emphasized in Islamic finance, evidence on how environmental and sharia-based social disclosures are associated with firm value remains inconclusive, particularly in emerging markets. Prior studies mostly examine Green Banking Disclosure (GDB) and Islamic Social Reporting (ISR) separately and provide limited insight into the moderating role of corporate governance in Islamic banking. This study explores the relationship between GDB and ISR with firm value and examines the moderating role of Good Corporate Governance (GCG). Using a quantitative explanatory approach, secondary data from Islamic commercial banks listed on the Indonesia Stock Exchange during 2018–2024 are analyzed. Three banks were selected through purposive sampling, resulting in 21 firm-year observations. Data were obtained from annual reports, financial statements, and sustainability reports, and analyzed using multiple linear regression and moderated regression analysis. The results indicate that GDB is negatively associated with firm value, suggesting that environmental disclosure is perceived by the market as a short-term cost. Institutional ownership and independent boards condition and intensify the negative association between GDB and firm value, while audit committees show no moderating role. No governance mechanism moderates the relationship between ISR and firm value. This study contributes by integrating environmental and Islamic social disclosures within a unified framework and highlighting the context-dependent and selective role of corporate governance in shaping sustainability-related value perceptions in Islamic banking
Pengaruh Leverage, Kepemilikan Manajerial, dan Kompensasi Bonus terhadap Income Smoothing pada Perusahaan Sektor Consumer Non-Cyclicals di Indonesia (2020-2024)
Full text linkThis study aims to analyze the effects of leverage, managerial ownership, and bonus plan on income smoothing in consumer non-cyclicals sector companies listed on the Indonesia Stock Exchange during the 2020-2024 period. The research population consists of 85 companies, and through the use of a purposive sampling technique, 70 companies were selected, resulting in a total of 350 samples. The study employs binary logistic regression, with income smoothing measured using the eckel index, leverage measured by the debt to-asset ratio, managerial ownership measured by the proportion of shares held by management, and bonus plan proxied by the natural logarithm of salary expenses. The results indicate that leverage does not affect income smoothing, while managerial ownership and bonus plan have a significant effect on income smoothing. These findings suggest that in a relatively stable sector, income smoothing practices are more strongly driven by internal governance mechanisms and managerial incentive structures, as explained by agency theory, than by external financial pressure related to debt covenants. This study contributes to the income smoothing literature by highlighting the dominant role of internal factors over external financing constraints in shaping managerial reporting behavior