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Gender Differences in the Clinical Presentation of Borderline Personality Disorder: A Review
Get PDFBorderline personality disorder is diagnosed in women three times more than men and represents a significant gender disparity amid considerable stigmatization compared to other psychological disorders. Empirical studies have investigated the gender prevalence for borderline personality disorder and further determined that findings may be due to differences in how borderline personality disorder clinically manifests in men and women. Common areas of investigation have included developmental features, diagnostic symptomology, psychiatric comorbidities, and the level of functional impairment for individuals with borderline personality disorder. An analysis of existing data was indicative of shortcomings in methods that include small samples of men, a lack of representative samples from non-clinical populations, differences in measurement and assessment, variations in reporting, and more. Research suggests that while some gender differences exist for borderline personality disorder, there are likely more similarities than differences in the clinical presentation of this disorder. Differences found may be due to bias and stereotypical differences between men and women, such as the tendency for men to engage in externalizing behaviors and for women to engage in internalizing behaviors. Conclusions from a critical review of research may indicate why the disorder is more commonly diagnosed in women, and further, may help to accurately understand the development, assessment, and treatment of borderline personality disorder
Understanding A Familial Mentorship Model in Cultivation of Leaders Who Serve
Get PDFThis study was designed to explore a lineage of leadership enacted through mentoring from individuals with respected reputations for excellence in leadership. Using a narrative inquiry approach, I explored how I used knowledge gained from past mentors to inform future leadership actions and decisions based on the examples through their leadership. An exploration of leadership models uncovered the interconnectivity among the life of the mentor, the lessons passed on to the mentee, and the manner in which the story is told. Resonant leadership, transformative leadership, and servant leadership theory provided the theoretical framework used to analyze in-depth interviews in which the researcher and his mentors explored their interconnected leadership journeys. The self-inventory conducted through the dismantlement and deconstruction of the researcher’s life, and his life choices, was an essential part of understanding the leadership models inherited through mentorship and how they transformed into a servant leadership model. Implications for leadership practice and education are included
Hidden Pedagogical Entanglements: A Depth Hermeneutic Study of Intercultural Dynamics
No full textThis is a depth hermeneutic study of intercultural dynamics that advocates for educators to move away from a binary view of life as static and fixed. In this static view of the world, educators consciously and unconsciously transmit to students that life and humanity are problems to be fixed. Locating psyche as alive within an animated worldview (interdependent, dynamic, unfolding, and acting upon us) would allow us to see and live otherwise. From this position, I explore the significance of unseen classroom dynamics between teachers and students through myth, ancestors, dream, memory, and image. Composed and expressed as a separate and a collective whole, I braid key concepts, images, and ideas through a collection of essays. Using curriculum studies, hermeneutics, Jungian, and post-Jungian psychology, I seek to uncover layers of the hidden yet felt interplay between psyche, culture, and the ways the unconscious (personal, collective, cultural) manifests in unseen teaching-and-learning spaces. Woven within the essays, I share my unfolding processes as a pedagogic being through personal analytic work. This engagement demonstrates the way inner work and complexes unearth shadow aspects that can provide healing for fragmented ways of being and doing in the classroom. This question guides the study in its entirety: In what ways might bringing depth psychology and curriculum studies together address “the problem with the kids,” or unseen dynamics in the classroom
The Relationship Between Teacher Preparation and Attrition in the Teaching Field
Get PDFIn this study, the researcher investigated the relationship between the preservice preparation and attrition in the field of teachers employed at Chicago Public Schools. The researcher administered a survey to teachers working in Chicago and its neighboring suburbs, and their responses revealed their perceptions about their preparation program and their real-world experiences in the classroom. The results indicated that new teachers need coursework in the areas of classroom management, social-emotional skill integration, and cultural competence. The expectation is that the findings will support the creation of a uniform policy for all universities to implement nationwide. Such a program could result in better-prepared teachers with higher job satisfaction, thereby mitigating teacher loss
Clinically Healing by Faith for Black Christian Women: A Proposed Model for Collaborative Religious and Psychological Treatment for the Aftermath of Infidelity
Get PDFInfidelity rates are high in the United States and one of the leading causes for divorce between married couples. Research indicates that the Black community has a higher proclivity to infidelity compared to Whites. Black women have a higher chance of ending up in undissolved marriages than other races (Jarama et al., 2007). Previous studies have explored reasons behind the increased rates of high marital instability among Black women, including: the sex ratio imbalance, high mortality, and incarceration among Black men. Since African Americans are considered more religious than the general population, this literature review identified the need for an intervention to help clinical psychologists and spiritual leaders assist Black Christian women in addressing the impact of infidelity and its aftermath. Three research topics were explored (a) the effect of Christianity on the perception of infidelity, (b) the use of Christian practices to deal with infidelity, and (c) the exploration of various ways clinical psychologists and Black church clergy could treat infidelity. Undoubtedly, the importance of maintaining cultural competence is necessary while working with diverse groups. Future directions could include a review of the research regarding how Black Christian women cope as the adulterer in marriages and collecting data on Black Christian men and men in other minority racial/ethnic groups as it relates to infidelity
Investigation of the Relationships between Optimism, Perceived Social Support, and Hope
Get PDFThe aim of this research is to examine the relationships between optimism, perceived social support and hope. The dependent variable of this research is optimism and its independent variables are perceived social support and hope. The study group consists of 435 teacher candidates, as 331 females (76.1%) and 104 males (23.9%). In the research, the Life Orientation Test, the Multidimensional Scale of Perceived Social Support, the Adult Trait Hope Scale and personal information form were used as data collection tools. Correlational research model was used in the research. The data were analyzed using SPSS (21.0) program. In the analysis of the data, t-test, one-way variance analysis, Pearson correlation coefficient and multiple linear regression analysis were used. According to the findings of the study, it was found that the optimism of teacher candidates did not differ significantly according to gender, but differed significantly according to perceived income level and perceived parental attitude. A positive relationship was found between optimism and perceived social support and hope. It was found that perceived social support and hope variables predicted optimism. The findings were discussed based on the literature and suggestions were developed
Life is Complicated: The Urgent Call to Support Student Wellbeing through Social Emotional Learning
Get PDFAbstract:
Students face increased mental health challenges, including depression, anxiety, trauma, racial trauma, and suicide risk, in addition to opportunity gaps. Despite educators’ work to support students through mental health services and despite the existence of social emotional learning (SEL) programs within the school environment, the impact on student learning and long-term post high school outcomes can feel overwhelming. There is also a perception that the responsibility for SEL belongs only to social workers, psychologists and counselors. The primary research question is; how does embedding of SEL practices vary within instructional, non-instructional, and leadership roles? The related questions are: to what extent does staff capacity building for SEL practices incorporate support for the social emotional competence of both staff and students, and how does race relate to social emotional learning practices for staff and students? This study explores the context, conditions, culture, and competencies (Wagner et al., 2006) for District 321, utilizing qualitative and existing quantitative data. The findings detail the critical role of ongoing professional development to increase culturally responsive social emotional learning practices, build social emotional competencies of all staff, model SEL for students, and embed SEL within all practices and instruction. In addition, moving beyond social emotional learning programs for District 321, the consistent social emotional competency development of every employee is emphasized in consideration of the positive impact on student learning, school culture, and student and staff wellbeing
Generations of Pain: A Transgenerational Examination of Trauma, Parenting Styles, and Attachment of Black Women
Get PDFHistorically, Black women have experienced horrendous acts of violence throughout the centuries and generations. The transmission of transgenerational trauma has impacted this community’s mental health, physical well-being, educational performance, and interpersonal interactions. Prior research has focused on general trauma and its effect on Black women; however, this review sought to explore transgenerational trauma and the implications of attachment and parenting styles of Black women. Previous studies have examined the majority population’s attachment, trauma, and parenting styles consecutively, though not simultaneously. With limitations found in the research of diverse populations, it is imperative that clinicians are culturally competent to implement effective therapeutic interventions and psychological assessments that acknowledge cultural differences. The current review sought to find gaps in the literature regarding Black women to provide contributions to diverse research
An Evaluation of the Impact of the Student-Teacher Relationship on Student Achievement and Behavior
Get PDFResearchers have documented the importance and value of the teacher-student relationship for over 20 years. The purpose of my study was to determine if teachers who had a positive and highly effective relationship with their students, as documented with informal and formal observations, also had higher student achievement and a lower discipline referral rate when compared to their non-highly effective peers. The context of this inquiry was kindergarten through eighth grade teachers in one public school district. In my study, I demonstrated both quantitative and qualitative data which matched current research to support teachers who are highly effective with building relationships have superior student achievement, lower discipline referral rates, and use research-based strategies weekly in their classrooms. I made a policy recommendation to implement an optional professional development program that focuses on improving a teacher’s ability to build relationships with students and increases the administrator observations in teacher’s classrooms
The Effects of Blended Learning on Student Achievement within Various Environments: A Program Evaluation
Get PDFEducational K-12 learning environments have had limited to no change over many decades. Due to recent initiatives to social-emotional programs, school safety measures, and the need to increase academic achievement, there has been a push for school choice options that go beyond the traditional ways of learning. The purpose of this study is to examine the effectiveness of blended learning on student achievement within various environments in Grades 3-8. I used a mixed methodology to compare quantitative extant data from Achieve3000®, State Standardized Assessments, as well as qualitative data through teacher, parent, and student surveys. I collected 229 student extant data points over one school year with 10 teachers, 38 parents, and five students participating in the statement surveys. The extant data and surveys served as the determining factor of a subgroup’s self-efficacy toward blended learning options and actual student achievements