Universitas Ahmad Dahlan: UAD Scientific Journal
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The Relationship Between Vulvar Hygiene Behavior During Menstruation and The Incidence of Vaginal Discharge (Flour Albus) in Adolescent Women
Full text linkBackground : Vaginal discharge or flour albus refers to the non-bloody discharge other than blood from the vagina under normal conditions. Physiological vaginal discharge is considered normal for women, whereas abnormal or pathological discharge refers to any discharge that deviates from the usual characteristics or quantity typically observed under healthy conditions. Vulvar hygiene is a particular care for women to maintain the external reproductive area. The study aimed to determine the relationship between vulvar hygiene behavior during menstruation and the incidence of vaginal discharge (flour albus) in adolescent women at Senior High School 8 Surakarta. Method : This research design employed quantitative using an analytic correlation study with the cross-sectional method. The sample selected 68 respondents of Senior High School 8 Surakarta students using the Slovin formula with proportional stratified random sampling. The analysis utilized the gamma test to examine the relationship between variables. Results: The results of the gamma test demonstrated a (P-Value 0.007 <0.05), which indicated a relationship between vulvar hygiene behavior and the incidence of vaginal discharge (flour albus). Conclusion : It concluded a significant relationship between vulvar hygiene behavior and the incidence of vaginal discharge (flour albus) in adolescent women at Senior High School 8 Surakarta. This study suggests that every woman could maintain the external reproductive organs by accomplishing vulvar hygiene practices to reduce vaginal discharge (flour albus)
Reimagining Vietnam’s early childhood curriculum: Moving toward competency, equity, and cultural relevance
Full text linkThis paper analyzes the current Early Childhood Education (ECE) curriculum in Vietnam and the key innovations proposed in the Ministry of Education and Training’s (MOET) new draft curriculum. A systematic review of 42 academic papers identifies major limitations in the existing curriculum, including rigid content, outdated pedagogies, and limited alignment with 21st-century learning needs. In contrast, the draft curriculum introduces a modern, competency-based and rights-based approach that prioritizes holistic development, social-emotional learning, and respect for diversity. Its reforms center on three orientations: (1) curriculum modernization through socio-emotional competencies, child agency, and flexible pedagogical approaches; (2) strengthened teacher and institutional autonomy, including improved working conditions and increased decision-making power; and (3) equity and inclusion through rights-based practices and robust family–community engagement. These developments demonstrate Vietnam’s commitment to global ECE standards and advance international discussions on competency- and rights-based early childhood curriculum reform
Financial Determinants of Tax Avoidance: Empirical Study of Islamic Banks in Asia and COVID-19 Review
Full text linkThis study investigates the effects of profitability, firm size, leverage, and financial constraints on tax avoidance in Islamic banks across Asia. The research model was tested both before and during the COVID-19 pandemic, using data obtained from the Osiris database. The sample consisted of 22 Islamic banks in Asia that had complete data and reported profits during the observation period from 2016 to 2023. The data were analyzed using balanced panel data regression with the assistance of EViews software. Tax avoidance was measured using both the Effective Tax Rate (ETR) and Book–Tax Differences (BTD). The results indicate that profitability has a significant positive effect on tax avoidance. Firm size demonstrates a significant negative effect on tax avoidance during the COVID-19 period. Leverage consistently shows a significant negative effect on tax avoidance, both before and during the pandemic. Financial constraints exhibit a significant positive effect only during the pandemic. The study offers several implications: (1) Islamic bank management should balance capital structure to avoid overreliance on leverage; (2) highly profitable banks are encouraged to maintain their reputation and public trust by ensuring tax compliance; and (3) regulators need to strengthen oversight, particularly in unstable economic environments
Dialogic feedback in English Language Teaching (ELT): Modalities, outcomes, and research trends
Full text linkThis systematic literature review examines dialogic feedback research in English Language Teaching (ELT) based on 23 empirical studies published between 2010 and 2025. Following the PRISMA (Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-Analyses) guidelines, the review applied a rigorous selection and screening process to ensure transparency and replicability. Six main modalities of dialogic feedback are identified: face-to-face dialogic feedback, written dialogic feedback, technology-mediated dialogic feedback, peer dialogic feedback, supervisory dialogic feedback, and teacher professional development dialogic feedback This typology reflects variations in feedback interaction modes, participants, and instructional settings, offering a more nuanced framework for understanding how dialogic feedback operates across formal and informal learning contexts. These modalities promote interactive, learner-centered feedback processes across varied learning environments. The analysis highlights four key educational outcomes: improvements in writing proficiency, enhanced feedback literacy, increased learner engagement and reflection, and the development of learner autonomy and self-regulation. These outcomes demonstrate a consistent pedagogical value of dialogic feedback in supporting active learning ecosystems. Research trends reveal three chronological phases: early conceptual exploration, empirical classroom application, and recent growth in digital feedback practices. Studies predominantly employ sociocultural theory, dialogic pedagogy, feedback literacy, and self-regulated learning frameworks. Methodologically, the field has advanced from qualitative designs to mixed method and quasi-experimental approaches, mostly within Asian EFL university writing contexts. Notable gaps include the lack of longitudinal studies, minimal focus on speaking skills, and underrepresentation of diverse geographical and educational contexts. Future research should address these gaps by expanding skill focus, geographical coverage, and methodological rigor to ensure more equitable and effective dialogic feedback practices in ELT
Evaluating the implementation of E-portfolio-based learning in ELT through the CIPP model: A qualitative descriptive study in Indonesia
Full text linkE-portfolios have increasingly been integrated into higher education to promote reflection, documentation, and learner autonomy; however, their effectiveness in English Language Teaching (ELT) in Indonesia remains insufficiently examined. This study evaluates the use of e-portfolio-based learning in an Evaluation in ELT course by employing the Context, Input, Process, and Product (CIPP) evaluation model. Four research questions guided the investigation, focusing on the relevance of the programme context, the adequacy of inputs, the implementation processes, and the resulting learning outcomes. Using a descriptive qualitative design, data were collected through classroom observations, semi-structured interviews, and documentation of students’ e-portfolios. The participants consisted of one lecturer and thirty-seven seventh-semester students (ten males and twenty-seven females) enrolled in the course during the 2022/2023 academic year; additionally, three students were purposively selected for in-depth interviews. The findings indicate that (1) the context supported the adoption of e-portfolios as it aligned with course needs and learning objectives; (2) the input—including digital facilities, infrastructure, and access to online tools—was adequate for implementation; (3) the process showed active student engagement, although challenges such as connectivity issues, device limitations, and time constraints were present; and (4) the product demonstrated positive learning outcomes, including improved documentation practices, better understanding of course material, and increased digital literacy. The study underscores the potential of e-portfolios to enhance ELT learning and suggests the need for more structured feedback mechanisms and technical support to optimise future implementation
Polemic Happy Christmas and New Year in Makassar and Alternative Offer
Full text linkThis research reviews the polemic of Muslims in Makassar regarding Christmas and New Year greetings. Furthermore, some proposed various alternative solutions. This research studies the living Quran, namely, how Islamic leaders understand the verses related to the theme. Data collection methods are documentation, focus group discussions, interviews, and observations. Data were analyzed with a qualitative approach. The analysis shows three main points. First, Muslim leaders in Makassar are categorized as having pros and cons in their views on Christmas and New Year greetings. Second, there is the thought of utilizing historical treasures called taqiyya as an alternative to multiculturalism. Shiites and Sunnis agree that there is taqiyya, but they differ in its application. It is at this level that sustainable and ethical dialogue is needed. Third, being united in terms of what is agreed upon and tolerant of differences are the rules for assembling unity and harmony in diversity. Therefore, continuous dialogue must be carried out with the obligation to uphold shared ethics
Modernization of Al Washliyah Educational Institutions
Full text linkThe potential of an educational institution to effectively respond to quickly evolving circumstances significantly influences its long-term viability. Consequently, the ability for educational institutions to adopt modern practices is critical. Al Washliyah, founded in 1930 in Medan, is one of the most sizable Islamic organizations and is credited with establishing numerous educational institutions. Consequently, the objective of this study is to investigate the effect and contribution of Al Washliyah, with a particular focus on the realm of education. Additionally, it seeks to identify the typology of modernization implemented by Al Washliyah educational institutions and to scrutinize the various facets of modernization undertaken by said institutions. For the purpose of accomplishing this objective, a historical lit review was conducted. The findings of this study indicate that the Al Washliyah educational institution has implemented a revitalization strategy, which entails preserving venerable old traditions while incorporating better-regarded innovations into the realm of educational advancement. The modernization of the Al Washliyah educational institution is evident in its human resources (HR), courses of study, institutions, and objectives
Vowel and Consonant Phoneme Changes in Reading Arabic Texts by Students of MAN 3 Mandailing Natal: An Autosegmental Phonology Analysis
Full text linkThe research was qualitative research using generative linguistic method. This study is aimed at analyzing the changes of sound vocal and consonants in the read Arabic text by students from school MAN 3 Mandailing Natal from the aspect of phonological auto segmental. The data are from the recording of the read Arabic text words wich contain the sounds of vocal [a] and plosive consonants ض [ɖ], ط [ʈ] and ق [q[.Data from there 40 informants (20 males and 20 females ) of the research are the secondary school students from school MAN 3 Mandailing Natal. Data from the study are analyzed theoretically based on the phonological auto segmental, Sagey`s representation of distinctive features model (1986), Clements and Keyser`s representasion of syllable tiers (1983). In the recitation of Arabic text by students from MAN 3 Mandailing Natal readers the Arabic text vocal and consonants experiences a substitution of vocal and consonant by the closest. Vocal and consonant, that is vocal [a] which substituted with vocal [ɔ] and coronal plosive consonants ض [ɖ],ط [ʈ] and ق [q[ which are substituted with coronal plosive consonants [d, t, k]. The substitution of vocal and consonant recitation the Arabic text by reciters of students from school MAN 3 Mandailing Natal has resulted the phonological changes in Arabic language and the meaning of Arabic words
EduHealth Time Application for Enhancing Nutrition and Health Knowledge and Skills among Junior High School Students
Full text linkBackground: Adolescents often acquire health knowledge through traditional education but frequently face challenges in sustaining healthy behaviors due to a range of social, environmental, psychological, and developmental factors.
Contribution: We developed "EduHealth Time," an Android application co-designed with educators and health personnel to deliver on-demand health education videos and integrated screening modules (anthropometry, anaemia risk, illness monitoring), with built-in functionality for exporting data to support School Health Unit documentation.
Method: A one-group pretest-posttest design was implemented during a community-service pilot at SMPIT As-Salam Malang (October–November 2024), involving 65 junior high school students. The app development followed the Plan–Act–Observe–Reflect cycle. Usability and feasibility were evaluated through a seven-item structured survey.
Results: EduHealth Time was made publicly available on Google Play. Usability outcomes were highly positive: 92% of participants reported ease of data entry, 100% experienced no system errors, and 100% completed screening tasks without difficulty. The educational and screening functions were rated feasible by 92% of users. Significant improvements were observed in knowledge scores: +5.2 points for balanced diet, +21.4 points for physical activity, and +7.4 points for reproductive health.
Conclusion: The EduHealth Time application is a scalable and contextually relevant mHealth platform that enhances adolescent health knowledge and supports self-monitoring. Its integration of multimedia learning and screening features provides a model for continuous school-based health education
AI-Based social media Creative Content Training to Improve MSMEs Competitiveness in The Digital Era
Full text linkBackground: Digital transformation had made social media crucial for MSME marketing, but many MSMEs had failed to adopt AI effectively due to limited digital literacy and weak branding, creating an urgent need for integrated and participatory training.
Contribution: This study aimed to strengthen the creative and technical capabilities of MSMEs in utilizing AI for social media marketing, encourage intergenerational collaboration between youth and MSME owners, and propose a replicable community empowerment model based on Tri-N for sustainable digital inclusion.
Method: This study used the Participatory Action Research (PAR) method, which was integrated with the teachings of Tamansiswa — Niteni, Niroke, and Nambahi (Tri N). The activities were conducted in four cyclical stages: (1) Analysis of needs and potential; (2) Technical training; (3) Discussion of content results; and (4) Evaluation and reflection for continuous improvement.
Results: The results showed that digital literacy, creativity, and audience engagement had improved significantly. The project demonstrated that community-based digital training supported by relevant teaching approaches, youth-oriented content, and collaboration across generations helped small businesses grow and succeed in the online world.
Conclusion: The Tri N approach contributed to helping MSMEs shift from passive digital users to active content creators by observing, emulating, and adapting AI-based strategies, resulting in sustainable digital marketing rooted in local culture and offering a replicable model for inclusive digital empowerment