California State University (CSU): Open Journal Systems
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Semicomplete Arithmetic Sequences, Division of Hypercubes, and the Pell Constant
In this paper we produce a few continuations of our previous work on partitions into fractions. Specifically, we study strictly increasing sequences of positive integers such that there are partitions for all natural numbers less than the floor of the sum of the first j terms divided by j, where j is greater than two. We also require that all summands be distinct terms drawn from this series of fractions. We call such sequences “semicomplete”. We find that there are only three semicomplete arithmetic sequences. We also study sequences that give the maximum number of pieces that an M dimensional hypercube can be cut into using N – 1 hyperplanes. We find that these are semicomplete in one, two, three, and four dimensions. As an aside, we use one of our generating functions to produce what appears to be a new identity for the Pell constant, a number which is closely connected to the density of solutions to the negative Pell equation.
 
We Planted a Seed in a Dream that Came True
“Unbeknownst to my great-grandmother, her actions created a paradigm shift in our family lineage. Her story would go on to influence her future bloodline. A catalyst that promotes the growth of mindsets, perspective, and maturity.” As a first-generation student Analaura Lopez finds herself feeling the pressures of success. Although the pressure feels like a burden, she soon realizes it is her way of thinking. She reminisces on her ancestry and finds herself wondering why pressure is a part of success. Comparing her struggles with that of her great-grandmother’s, Lopez considers how past experiences have influenced her future
The Search to Find a Dream
Finding a dream is something that cannot be done with ease. For Santana Hermosillo, deciding on a dream career is something that took a while. The author was given a goal he never truly enjoyed but strove toward in an effort to make his parents happy and proud. Through interactions with certain classes and teachers, he found a way to more freely express his inner thoughts. Now his journey only involves his happiness and what he feels is right. Everyone’s goals may be different, but we all have to decide whether to reach for goals that were placed on us or ones we truly desire. In writing this narrative, the author hopes to help those who may feel their dreams are off path realize that they are not alone
The Nearly Impossible Conquest of the Guatemalan Lowlands: The Advantages of the Indigenous Maya in Central Petén
During the sixteenth and seventeenth centuries, most of Mesoamerica was invaded and colonized by the Spanish conquistadors. We are to believe from their accounts that their triumph over several indigenous communities was inevitable. However, that wasn’t the case as various native groups resisted the Spanish presence during the conquest, which ultimately delayed their colonization. One group that gave the Spaniards trouble during the invasion was the Maya. Although there were several lineages throughout southern Mexico and Central America, it was the Maya in Central Petén that ultimately delayed Spanish colonization in Mesoamerica.
So, what happened during the conquest of Central Petén? What made this campaign different from others? Why were the Maya in Central Petén more challenging to conquer than other indigenous communities in Mesoamerica? All these questions are answered in this research paper, which documents Maya\u27s advantages during the conquest. Using various sources, primary and secondary, I have shared the research and theoretical perspectives of archeologists, who have unearthed the Mayas\u27 sociocultural continuities they used against the Spaniards, which promotes indigenous agency. In this paper, I ultimately argue that the Spanish were unprepared to handle the Guatemalan lowlands\u27 landscape (which is where Central Petén is located). With a lack of knowledge of the lowlands\u27 geography, the Maya countered the Spanish presence until the seventeenth century
Limonada
MaryJay Villavicencio is an L.A. native attending California State University, Los Angeles. Like her great-grandfather in this poem, she nurses roots of creativity and hope for success in her writing and academic work, as well as her own personal narratives she shares with herself and then with others through personal growth, humor, and more writing. Through her reading ventures of every book she can find, she learns more about how to create thoughtful, enticing work with books that will move her audience to feel something new. “Because when life gives you lemons, you make lemonade.
An Examination of Linear Combinations of Skew-Adjoint Type Algebraic Curvature Tensors
In this paper a new potential invariant of algebraic curvature tensors, the signature, will be examined. Furthermore, linear combinations of skew-adjoint type algebraic curvature tensors will be thoroughly examined so as to provide some insight into the possible forms of algebraic curvature tensors
Perceptions and Understandings of Low Literacy Among Developing Teacher Candidates
While little is known of the perceptions held by members of the general public toward persons of low literacy background, this research study worked to inform a subset of those perceptions as held by developing teacher candidates. Additionally, this study sought to more concretely frame contributing and non-contributing factors which this same population believed influenced occurrences of low literacy. Anchored in the concept of intersectionality (Crenshaw, 1989), this study collected and analyzed 56 survey responses which yielded informative themes that further defined low literacy as an obstacle, outcome, level of performance, or degree of achievement.
Teacher candidates further demonstrated an understanding that conditions of low literacy were often situationally-defined as those persons were commonly disadvantaged in some way. Candidates’ responses further purported their action plan in confronting low literacy in their classroom was founded upon these verbs: act, invest, connect, and equalize. Though this study alone is not comprehensive or absolute in its findings, it does help to inform a step of the journey that will lead to a more accurate understanding of the perceptions held of low literacy and its many, influential tentacles
The Participation of Women in Times of Revolution
This essay explores the parallel role of women participating in the political revolutions in eighteenth-century France and twenty-first-century Hong Kong