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Refractive Errors in Students Islamic Boarding School Islamic Association 31 Banjaran Bandung
Get PDFBackground: Refractive errors are one of the most common causes of visual impairment, covering all age groups including children. The purpose of this study was to determine the description of refractive errors and demographic characteristics that occur in students at the Islamic Boarding School Persatuan Islam 31 Banjaran, Bandung Regency.Methods: This study used a cross-sectional study conducted from January to February 2024 at Pondok Pesantren Persatuan Islam 31 Banjaran, Bandung Regency. The sample was selected by total sampling. Subjects were examined using optotype snellen chart, students with visual acuity worse than 6/9 underwent further examination using refractometry, and correction using trial set lenses.Result: The results showed that of the total 674 students who took part in the visual acuity examination, 173 students (25.67%) had visual impairment with refractive errors. Refractive errors were more common among female students (69.79%) than male students (31.21%). Refractive errors were more common in 14-15 year olds (21.38%) compared to other age groups. The most common types of refractive errors were myopia (45.67%), astigmatism (36.99%), myopic astigmatism (15.03%), and hyperopia (1.73%). In addition, there were also students suspected to have organic disorders (0.5%) who experienced lazy eye (amblyopia).Conclusion : Early detection efforts of visual impairment need to be carried out by parents, school teachers, health workers and the government by conducting regular visual acuity screening and refractive error examinations at all levels of society, especially school-age childre
ECONOMIC EXPECTATIONS AND INTEREST OF CHILDREN OF FARMERS IN KEBUMEN REGENCY TO WORK IN THE AGRICULTURAL SECTOR
Get PDFChanges in the economic structure in Kebumen Regency over the last few decades have resulted in changes in the composition of labor absorption and have led to a slowdown in farmer regeneration in Kebumen Regency. This research was conducted to determine the influence of economic expectations on the interest of farmer children in working in the agricultural sector. The primary data was obtained through structured interviews with farmer children in Kebumen Regency. Data appropriately collected is then analyzed using a probit regression model. The analysis results show that children of farmers in Kebumen Regency are still interested in working in the agricultural sector. The level of economic expectations of children of farmers in Kebumen Regency regarding the agricultural sector is 54.47%, meaning that children of farmers in Kebumen Regency are optimistic that the agricultural sector will develop. Factors that influence farmers' children's interest in working in the agricultural sector are the feelings of farmer children, the level of knowledge of farmer children about the agricultural sector, the level of education of farmer children, the role of friends, and the level of economic expectations of farmer children towards the agricultural sector. The interest of children of farmers can be increased by providing roles and space for children of farmers to carry out activities in the agricultural sector, providing education about the agricultural sector, increasing the productivity of cultivated plants, stabilizing prices of agricultural products at the farmer level, increasing production efficiency, and implementing appropriate technology
Livelihood Strategies And Livelihood System of Dryland Farmers
Get PDFDry land has great potential to support increased agricultural production, but its status is critical and farmers generally have weak capabilities (especially on capital). There is also a practice that destroys the environment and low technology adoption resulting in low income. Therefore, farmers are required to think rationally so that their needs are met through a livelihood strategy that is not limited to livelihoods but rather a livelihood strategy through the use of agricultural development capital. This research was conducted with the aim of knowing the livelihood strategies and livelihood systems of dry land farmers. The research method used a survey in two selected sub-districts, namely Cibalong and Karangnunggal, Tasikmalaya Regency, with a population of 3,684 dry land farmers, then the sample was taken by proportional simple random sampling, as many as 44 farmers from Parung Village, Cibalong Sub-District and 59 farmers from Cikupa Village, Karangnunggal Sub-District, so that the total sample is 103 people. The research was conducted from May to July 2023. Farmers' livelihood strategies were analyzed by the income and expenditure structure of farmer households and the purchasing power of farmers. Meanwhile, the farmer's livelihood system was analyzed descriptively in relation to the farmer's access to natural resource capital, economic capital, social capital, human capital and physical capital. The results showed that the strategy for fulfilling the needs of farmer households was carried out by seeking income from agriculture and non-agriculture. The average income of farmers from farming is IDR 17,793,227.18 per year and from non-agriculture is an average of IDR. 3,893,689.32 per year. So that the average total income of farmer households per year is IDR 21,686,916.50 or IDR 1,807,243.03 per month. Expenditures for farmer households IDR. 16,590,417.48 per year (for agricultural businesses IDR. 8,909,495.15 and for non-agricultural businesses IDR. 7,680,922.33 per year). As many as 36 percent of farming families are categorized as food insecure, while others are categorized as food secure. Based on the power value, all farming families are able to meet their expenses. The results of the analysis of farmers' livelihood systems related to capital factors (natural capital, economic capital, socio-cultural capital, human resource capital and infrastructure capital) are needed to support farmers' livelihood systems through sustainable Integrated Polyculture Plantation Farming (IPPF) management. 88.36 percent of respondents agreed and strongly agreed that natural capital is capital that supports farmers' livelihood systems through sustainable IPPF. Meanwhile, 70.10 percent agreed and strongly agreed that economic capital is capital that supports farmers' livelihood systems through sustainable IPPF management
Antioxidant Activity of Red Ginger Kombucha (Zingiber officinale var. rubrum) with Various Fermentation Time and Palm Sugar Concentrations
Get PDFThe use of red ginger (Zingiber officinale var. rubrum) as the primary ingredient of kombucha is a diversification to increase the antioxidant activity of kombucha. The presence of gingerol dan shogaol in red ginger acts as a potential antioxidant, while the use of palm sugar serves as an additional source of antioxidants and alternative source of sucrose from regular granulated sugar. The fermentation time and the amount of sugar used are two variables that affect the kombucha’s fermentation process. This study aims to examine the effect of various fermentation times and palm sugar concentrations on the antioxidant activity, pH, alcohol content, and organoleptic properties of red ginger kombucha. The methods used were antioxidant test with DPPH, pH test, alcohol content, and organoleptic test with 20 panelist. The results indicate that variations in fermentation time and concentration of palm sugar have a significanr effect (α = 0.05) on the antioxidant activity with IC50 values ranging from 27.89 ppm to 46.77 ppm, categorized as very strong antioxidant activity. The characteristics of red ginger kombucha includes pH 3.6 to 4.6, alcohol content 0.2% to 0.3%, and organoleptic properties varying from moderately liked to liked. Red ginger kombucha fermented for 12 days with 20% palm sugar showed an IC50 value of 40.28 ppm, which categorized into very strong antioxidant activity and is most preferred by the panelists with organoleptic scores of color attribute at 4, aroma at 3.65, and taste at 4
Speech Acts in Indonesian Online Newspaper: A Case Study of Tribunnews
Get PDFThis study aims to analyze the types of speech acts and their pragmatic functions found in news headlines published by Tribunnews during March 2025. The research focuses on how language is strategically used in mass media not only to deliver information but also to influence the readers’ attitudes, emotions, and behavior. This research employs a qualitative descriptive approach, using documentation techniques for data collection. A total of 500 news headlines were analyzed based on the speech act theory of Austin (1962) and Searle (1979), which categorize speech acts into three main types: locutionary, illocutionary, and perlocutionary. The data analysis followed the interactive model by Miles, Huberman, and Saldana (2014), which includes data reduction, data display, and conclusion drawing.The findings reveal that locutionary acts dominate with 301 headlines (60.2%), indicating that the primary function of the media remains centered on delivering factual information. Illocutionary acts appear in 141 headlines (28.2%), which suggests that writers often embed subtle intentions to influence or guide readers—such as giving warnings or appeals. Perlocutionary acts, found in 58 headlines (11.6%), are intended to evoke emotional responses in readers, such as fear, surprise, or empathy. In terms of pragmatic functions, representative acts are the most prevalent at 45.6%, followed by directive and expressive functions (both at 24.4%), commissive (7.6%), and declarative (5%). These results indicate that although online news mainly serves as a factual information medium, headlines are also used to express emotions, guide public behavior, and convey institutional intentions or decisions. This research highlights that speech acts in online media are not merely descriptive but actively shape public perception and opinion, affirming the significance of discourse strategies in digital journalism.
Aliran Filsafat Hukum Sebagai Cara Pandang (Worldview) Hakim Dalam Menjatuhkan Putusan Pidana
Get PDFThe development of modern legal science requires a strong philosophical foundation to address the complexities of contemporary legal issues. The philosophy of law functions not only as a theoretical reflection but also as a fundamental basis for building legal theory and judicial practice. This study aims to examine the role of the philosophy of law in the development of legal science and theory, and how various schools of the philosophy of law, including Natural Law, Utilitarianism, the Historical School, Sociological Jurisprudence, Legal Realism, Critical Legal Studies (CLS), Feminist Legal Theory (FLT), Responsive Law, and Progressive Law, shape judges' worldviews in delivering criminal verdicts. This research uses a juridical-philosophical method with a conceptual and normative approach. The results show that the philosophy of law plays a central role in testing the validity, methodology, and truth within legal science. Moreover, the application of various legal thought schools enables judges to balance legal certainty with substantive justice, while considering social dynamics and the moral values of society. This study concludes that the philosophy of law is not only a theoretical framework but also serves as an integral worldview for judges in enforcing law that is just and responsive to social changes.Perkembangan ilmu hukum modern memerlukan landasan filosofis yang kuat untuk mengatasi kompleksitas permasalahan hukum kontemporer. Filsafat hukum berfungsi tidak hanya sebagai refleksi teoretis tetapi juga sebagai dasar yang fundamental dalam membangun teori hukum dan praktik peradilan. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengkaji peran filsafat hukum dalam pengembangan ilmu hukum dan teori hukum, serta bagaimana berbagai aliran filsafat hukum, termasuk Hukum Kodrat, Utilitarianisme, Mazhab Sejarah, Sociological Jurisprudence, Realisme Hukum, Critical Legal Studies (CLS), Feminist Legal Theory (FLT), Hukum Responsif, dan Hukum Progresif, membentuk pandangan dunia hakim dalam menjatuhkan putusan pidana. Penelitian ini menggunakan metode yuridis-filosofis dengan pendekatan konseptual dan normatif. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa filsafat hukum memainkan peran sentral dalam menguji validitas, metodologi, dan kebenaran dalam ilmu hukum. Selain itu, penerapan berbagai aliran pemikiran hukum memungkinkan hakim untuk menyeimbangkan kepastian hukum dengan keadilan substantif, dengan mempertimbangkan dinamika sosial dan nilai-nilai moral masyarakat. Penelitian ini menyimpulkan bahwa filsafat hukum bukan hanya kerangka teoretis, tetapi juga menjadi pandangan dunia integral bagi hakim dalam menegakkan hukum yang adil dan responsif terhadap perubahan sosial
Rancang Bangun Mesin CNC PCB Berbasis Arduino Untuk Mendukung TEFA Jurusan Teknik Informatika
Get PDFThe State Polytechnic of Banyuwangi in the Strategic Plan 2020-2024 has a target to improve the quality of the curriculum and learning. To achieve these goals, a strategy is to establish a Teaching Factory (TeFa). One of the rapidly growing industries today is the Printed Circuit Board (PCB) manufacturing industry. This is evidenced by the presence of PCB printing websites such as Indomaker and marketplaces like Tokopedia and Bukalapak, which provide PCB printing services according to customer preferences with fast turnaround times. The research supported the development of the Teaching Factory in the Department of Informatics Engineering, Computer Engineering Technology study program. This will be achieved by increasing the number of CNC PCB machines to create a working system that closely resembles real industry conditions. The method used is the Research and Development (R&D) method, which is used to develop a product and test its effectiveness. During the testing of the X, Y, and Z axis movements, the CNC PCB machine was found to move according to the instructions provided by the Candle Software. In the testing of the PCB trace printing configuration using a V 30° router drill bit, the best results were obtained using a Cut Z of 0.15 mm and a Feed Rate of 20 mm/minute. The presence of the CNC PCB machine will facilitate the TEFA of the Department of Informatics Engineering in creating prototypes of a product before it enters the production stage.
IMPLEMENTASI GERAKAN LITERASI POJOK BACA UNTUK MENUMBUHKAN MINAT BACA ANAK-ANAK DI DESA TIMBANG LAWAN
Get PDFTujuan dari penelitian ini adalah untuk mengetahui adanya gerakan literasi pojok baca dapat dijadikan alternatif dan pendukung untuk meningkatkan minat baca anak-anak desa timbang lawan. Gerakan literasi pojok baca mendorong anak-anak desa timbang lawan untuk senantiasa haus akan ilmu pengetahuan, menjadikan mereka senang membaca dan akhirnya anak-anak desa timbang lawan memiliki wawasan yang lebih luas dan mendapatkan informasi . Adapun metode yang digunakan dalam penelitian tersebut adalah pendekatan deskriptif kualitatif. Pendekatan ini adalah pendekatan yang bertujuan untuk memahami fenomena tentang apa yang alami oleh subjek peneliti. Metode ini mendeskripsikan serta memaparkan apa adanya kejadian objek yang di teleti berdasarkan situasi dan kondisi ketika penelitian dilaksanaka
Perancangan Escape Zone Berbasis Resilient dan Modular Architecture dengan Pendekatan Arsitektur Neo-Vernakular Minangkabau di Sumatra Barat Strategi Siaga Pra dan Pasca Bencana Terhadap Ancaman Megathrust di Indonesia.
Get PDFSumatra Barat menghadapi ancaman signifikan dari gempa Megathrust akibat lokasinya di zona pertemuan lempeng tektonik. Infrastruktur mitigasi bencana yang minim memperkuat urgensi perancangan zona evakuasi yang tangguh. Penelitian ini mengusulkan desain zona evakuasi dengan pendekatan arsitektur resilient dan modular, yang mengintegrasikan teknologi modern dengan kearifan lokal Minangkabau. Zona permanen prevention center memanfaatkan teknologi base isolation sebagai adaptasi pondasi umpak, memberikan ketahanan maksimal terhadap gempa besar. Sementara itu, zona temporer shelter dirancang menggunakan pondasi umpak tradisional dan sistem sambungan vernakular Minangkabau yang fleksibel dan mudah dibangun. Pendekatan ini tidak hanya mempertimbangkan aspek ketahanan fisik, tetapi juga keberlanjutan sosial dan budaya. Hasil penelitian diharapkan dapat meningkatkan kesiapsiagaan bencana masyarakat Sumatra Barat sekaligus menjadi referensi bagi pengembangan infrastruktur mitigasi bencana di wilayah lain Kata Kunci: Megathrust, Resilient Architecture, Modular Architecture, Neo-Vernakular Minangkabau, Base Isolation, Pondasi Umpa
Problems, and Development Priority in Border Area: Muara Tami District, Jayapura
Get PDFThe Development from the Edge approach undertaken by the Jokowi administration has significantly impacted the East side of Indonesia's border with Papua New Guinea. While physical improvements and infrastructure development have brought positive changes, they also impacted socio-cultural aspects and created land ownership and usage issues. Transmigration programs applied in this area add complexity, mainly due to the unequal advantages that different communities receive. Understanding these problems is crucial for managing them effectively and guiding the area's development process. This study focuses on Muara Tami District in Jayapura, which has a distinct population and development compared to other areas. This study uses library research, interviews, and the Analytic Hierarchy Process (AHP) method to identify the most significant encountered problems, their causes, and alternative solutions that require immediate implementation. Field observations and secondary data support the analysis, and interviews with stakeholders from various government agencies provide multiple perspectives. The study finds that the transmigration program has more direct and positive impacts on the area than recent national strategic projects. Poor infrastructure services remain a significant issue, while the human resources capabilities aspect becomes a determining factor that helps or hampers better area development. The interviewees also prioritised collaboration among all involved actors to address these issues