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PRESIDEN DAN PRESIDENSIALISME: TEORI KEKUASAAN EKSEKUTIF
Get PDFThis article presents a comparative constitutional law study of the President's executive power. The article confidently interprets the President's executive power based on the 1945 Constitution. It does so by referring to the unitary executive theory developed in the United States by unitarians based on the Constitution of the United States. Unitary executive means that the President, as Chief Executive, holds all executive power. The study's central point is presidentialism, a system of government shared by the United States and Indonesia. This article has two purposes. First, it corrects the foundational flaw of the unitary executive theory developed by unitarians because they do not specifically claim presidentialism as the underlying principle of their theory. Second, it makes the unitary executive theory applicable to Indonesia.Artikel ini merupakan studi Comparative Constitutional Law dengan isu teori kekuasaan eksekutif Presiden. Artikel ini menginterpretasi kekuasaan eksekutif Presiden berdasarkan UUD 1945 dengan mengacu pada teori unitary executive yang dikembangkan di Amerika Serikat oleh unitarians berdasarkan Konstitusi Amerika Serikat. Unitary executive memiliki pengertian bahwa Presiden memegang semua kekuasaan eksekutif dalam kapasitasnya sebagai Kepala Eksekutif. Titik taut studi perbandingan ini adalah presidensialisme – sistem pemerintahan yang sama-sama dianut oleh Amerika Serikat dan Indonesia. Artikel ini memiliki dua tujuan. Pertama, memperbaiki kelemahan fundasional teori unitary executive yang dikembangkan unitarians karena mereka tidak secara spesifik memposisikan presidensialisme sebagai asas yang mendasari unitary executive. Kedua, menjadikan teori unitary executive aplikabel bagi Indonesia
The role of knowledge management in the impact of leadership and culture on employee performance
Get PDFStudi ini mengeksplorasi pengaruh kepemimpinan transformasional dan budaya organisasi terhadap kinerja karyawan, dengan fokus pada peran mediasi manajemen pengetahuan di sektor publik. Penelitian yang dilakukan terhadap 840 pegawai negeri sipil di Organisasi Keuangan Pemerintah Indonesia ini menggunakan survei online pada skala Likert 7 poin dan Structural Equation Modeling (SEM) melalui Lisrel 8.8 untuk analisisnya. Temuan menunjukkan bahwa kepemimpinan transformasional berdampak positif terhadap kinerja, seperti halnya budaya organisasi yang mendukung. Manajemen pengetahuan ditemukan berkorelasi positif dengan prestasi kerja dan sepenuhnya memediasi hubungan antara kepemimpinan transformasional, budaya organisasi, dan kinerja karyawan. Temuan penelitian ini menyoroti peran penting kepemimpinan transformasional, budaya organisasi, dan manajemen pengetahuan dalam meningkatkan kinerja pegawai di organisasi keuangan pemerintah.This study examines the effects of transformational leadership and organizational culture on employee performance, focusing on the mediating role of knowledge management in the public sector. Conducted among 840 civil servants in Indonesia's government financial organizations, the research used online surveys with a 7-point Likert scale and structural equation modelling (SEM) through Lisrel 8.8 for analysis. The results indicate that transformational leadership has a positive impact on job performance, as does a supportive organizational culture. Knowledge management was found to be positively correlated with job performance and to fully mediate the relationship between transformational leadership, organizational culture and employee performance. The findings of this research highlight the critical role of transformational leadership, organizational culture and knowledge management in improving employee performance in government financial organizations
Evaluasi Program Bimbingan dan Konseling Dengan Model CIPP
Get PDFThis study aims to evaluate the implementation of the guidance and counseling program at SMPN 4 Salatiga. Guidance and counseling services are one of the school's efforts to support students in dealing with problems and developing their maximum potential. The evaluation model used is the CIPP (Context, Input, Process, and Product) evaluation model to obtain a comprehensive and in-depth picture of the guidance and counseling program at SMPN 4 Salatiga. This research uses a qualitative approach with a descriptive method. Data were obtained from the deputy principal for curriculum, guidance and counseling coordinator, guidance and counseling teachers, and students of SMPN 4 Salatiga by using interview techniques and documentation studies. The results showed that some things have been implemented by the plan but some things have not been implemented. The Context aspect in making the vision and mission is by the vision and mission of the school and the program is made according to the needs of students. Input aspect, there is a standard match of counseling teachers by their educational background, although there is still one teacher who has not implemented PPG-BK. Process aspect, the counseling service has been running well, although only one class hour a week. Product aspect, the counseling program has tried to produce changes in students even though it is by each person
Emotional Quotient vs Lingkungan Sekolah: Manakah yang Lebih Dominan dalam Meningkatkan Kinerja Guru?
Get PDFEducation is a conscious and planned effort to develop students’ potential through effective learning. In this process, teachers play a crucial role, as the success of education largely depends on their competence. However, despite many teachers having good emotional intelligence, their performance may still fall short without support from a conducive school environment. This study examines the influence of emotional intelligence and school environment on the performance of public junior high school teachers in Probolinggo City. The research method used was quantitative. A total of 96 junior high school teachers in Probolinggo City were the subjects of this study. The data analysis technique was carried out in several stages of testing, namely the validity test to measure the validity of the instrument using product moment correlation, and the reliability test using the Cronbach's Alpha method. The data were then analyzed using the classical assumption test which includes normality, multicollinearity, and heteroscedasticity tests. Further analysis was conducted using multiple linear regression (regression test, f test, and t test). The results revealed that emotional intelligence alone did not significantly affect teacher performance (p = 0.269 > 0.05), while the school environment did (p = 0.000 < 0.05). Simultaneously, both variables significantly influenced performance, indicated by an F value of 24.422 > F table 3.18. These findings highlight the dominant role of the school environment in enhancing teacher performance. Moreover, the interaction between emotional intelligence and a supportive environment can collectively improve the quality of teaching
Pengembangan E-encyclopedia Fitoplankton dengan Mengintegrasikan Hasil Penelitian di Sungai Penyangkat Kabupaten Kubu Raya
Get PDFPembelajaran abad 21 menekankan pemanfaatan teknologi untuk mendukung pemahaman siswa, terutama dalam konsep abstrak seperti biologi. Penggunaan media elektronik seperti e-encyclopedia dapat membantu siswa lebih mudah memahami materi, seperti fitoplankton, yang penting dalam ekosistem perairan. Media ini diharapkan meningkatkan minat belajar dan kesadaran lingkungan siswa dengan menyajikan data nyata dari penelitian lokal. Tujuan penelitan ini adalah mengembangkan media e-encyclopedia fitoplankton yag diintegrasikan dengan hasil penelitian fitoplankton di Sungai Penyangkat Kabupaten Kubu Raya. Pembuatan dan validasi media pembelajaran e-encyclopedia dilakukan dari Februari hingga November 2023 di Laboratorium Pendidikan Biologi FKIP Universitas Tanjungpura. Metode penelitian yang digunakan adalah deskriptif kuantitatif, melalui tiga tahapan: pra produksi, produksi, dan pasca produksi. Tahap pra produksi melibatkan analisis kebutuhan, perumusan tujuan instruksional, dan penetapan materi; tahap produksi mencakup pembuatan format media dan perancangan materi; sementara tahap pasca produksi meliputi editing, validasi, dan revisi. Validasi media dilakukan dengan skala Likert dan dianalisis menggunakan Content Validity Ratio (CVR) dan Content Validity Index (CVI). Media e-encyclopedia berukuran A4 dengan 33 halaman, berisi submateri protista mirip tumbuhan (fitoplankton) dan dilengkapi hasil penelitian di Sungai Penyangkat. Media ini mencakup berbagai komponen seperti cover, petunjuk penggunaan, isi materi, dan referensi, serta dapat diakses secara online dan offline. Validasi dilakukan oleh dosen dan guru biologi menggunakan kriteria format, isi, bahasa, dan kepraktisan, dengan hasil CVR dan CVI sebesar 1,00, menunjukkan media ini valid dan layak digunakan dalam pembelajaran. Namun, efektivitas penggunaannya perlu diuji lebih lanjut dalam proses pembelajaran
Usability testing pada sistem presensi aplikasi HRM Talenta dengan menggunakan metode cognitive walkthrough
Get PDFHuman Resource Management (HRM) is a very important part of an organization. In the digital era, HRM can be done more efficiently through mobile applications that allow access to employee data, HRM processes, or online attendance. However, the ability of an HRM mobile application to succeed depends on the usability factor or ease of use by users. Talenta is one of Mekari's business platforms that provides a complete solution for all Human Resources (HR) and payroll management issues. Talenta is an application that will be used for Usability Testing using Cognitive Walkthrough. The initial stage in starting Usability Testing on the mobile-based Talenta application with the Cognitive Walkthrough method begins with conducting a literature study, learning the system or application, then making scenario questions based on the system. Then, respondents will be asked to complete the scenario questions. The scenario data collected includes; data on success in completing the scenario, data on errors in completing the scenario, and data on the time required to complete the scenario. Finally, the interview stage will be continued with the respondents on the scenarios that have been carried out. The scenario and interview data will be analyzed to calculate the effectiveness and efficiency aspects of the Talenta application. After the analysis stage, users will be given a System Usability Scale (SUS) questionnaire to be answered using Google Form using a Likert scale. The results of the questionnaire will be analyzed using SUS calculations, and then suggestions and conclusions will be given in the aspect of user learning ability. After usability testing of Talenta mobile application using Cognitive Walkthrough and SUS methods, the following results were obtained: 78% effectiveness; 0.10 seconds efficiency; and 67 learning ability level. Talenta has met the usability criteria for mobile applications in general, including effectiveness and efficiency in using the ISO 9241-11 model. However, there are still shortcomings in the user learnability level. To improve the usability of this application, it is recommended to change the layout, menu, add features, as well as clarify some display features
PENGARUH KAPASITAS SUMBER DAYA MANUSIA DAN MODAL SOSIAL PENYULUH TERHADAP KINERJA PENYULUH PERTANIAN DI KABUPATEN KONAWE
No full textPenelitian ini bertujuan untuk menganalisis: (1) pengaruh kapasitas sumber daya manusia terhadap modal sosial penyuluh; (2) pengaruh kapasitas sumber daya manusia terhadap kinerja penyuluh; dan (3) pengaruh modal sosial terhadap kinerja penyuluh pertanian di Kabupaten Konawe. Sampel penelitian ini adalah seluruh populasi dalam penelitian, yaitu seluruh penyuluh pertanian yang berstatus Aparatur Sipil Negara (ASN) di Kabupaten Konawe yang berjumlah 113 orang (pengambilan sampel menggunakan metode sensus). Penelitian ini menggunakan variabel eksogen dan variabel endogen. Variabel eksogen dalam penelitian ini adalah kapasitas sumber daya manusia dan modal sosial penyuluh. Variabel endogen dalam penelitian ini adalah kinerja penyuluh pertanian. Analisis data penelitian ini menggunakan statistik deskriptif dan inferensial. Statistik deskriptif untuk menggambarkan atau mendeskripsikan keadaan variabel dan analisis statistik inferensial untuk menganalisis pengaruh atau hubungan antar variabel. Teknik analisis data statistik inferensial dalam penelitian ini menggunakan Partial Least Square (PLS). PLS merupakan model persamaan Structural Equation Modeling (SEM) dengan pendekatan berbasis varians atau berbasis komponen structural equality modeling. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa kapasitas sumber daya manusia berpengaruh positif signifikan terhadap kinerja penyuluh pertanian. Kapasitas sumber daya manusia juga berpengaruh positif signifikan terhadap modal sosial penyuluh pertanian. Modal sosial penyuluh berpengaruh positif signifikan terhadap kinerja penyuluh pertanian. Semakin baik kapasitas sumber daya manusia dan modal sosial penyuluh, maka kinerja penyuluh pertanian di Kabupaten Konawe akan semakin baik.This research aimed to analyzed : (1) the influence of human resource capacity on extension workers’ social capital; (2) the influence of human resource capacity on the performance of extension workers; and (3) the influence of social capital on the performance of instructors in agricultural extension in Konawe Regency. The sample for thisresearch is the entire population in the research, namely all agricultural instructors who are State Civil Apparatus (ASN) in Konawe Regency, totaling 113 people (sampling using the census method). This research uses exogenous variables and endogenous variables. The exogenous variables in this research are the human resource capacity and social capital of extension workers. The endogenous variable in this research is the performance of agricultural instructors. This research data analysis uses descriptive and inferential statistics. Descriptive statistics to describe or describe the state of variables and inferential statistical analysis to analyze the influence or relationship between variables. The inferential statistical data analysis technique in this research uses Partial Least Square (PLS). PLS is a Structural Equation Modeling (SEM) equation model with an approach based on variance or component based structural equation modeling. The research results show that human resource capacity has a significant positive effect on the performance of agricultural instructors. Human resource capacity also has a significant positive effect on the social capital of agricultural instructors. The instructor’s social capital has a significant positive effect on the performance of agricultural instructors. The better the human resource capacity and social capital of the instructor, the better the performance of agricultural instructors in Konawe Regency
FORECASTING PERIODIC SERIES TO REDUCE THE BULLWHIP EFFECT IN SUPPLY CHAIN SYSTEMS USING MOVING AVERAGE AND EXPONENTIAL SMOOTHING
Get PDFDemand forecasting is one of the key components in supply chain management, particularly in the food and beverage industry, which has dynamic and fluctuating demand levels. This study aimed to analyze the occurrence of the bullwhip effect in the production of Parijoto (Medinilla speciosa) syrup of CV Seleksi Alam Muria. and to analyze the best forecasting method to minimize the bullwhip effect. The benefits of this research were to serve as a reference for development efforts aimed at reducing the bullwhip effect in production, thereby optimizing the supply chain in a company. The forecasting methods used were Moving Average and Exponential Smoothing. Minitab Software assisted with the forecasting calculations in this study. The study results showed that the initial bullwhip effect value (1.043) was higher than the parameter value (1.005), indicating the occurrence of the bullwhip effect in the production of Parijoto syrup. Furthermore, this study also found that the Mean Absolute Deviation (MAD), Mean Squared Error (MSE), and Mean Absolute Percentage Error (MAPE) values for the Moving Average method were lower compared to the Exponential Smoothing method. The forecasting result using the Moving Average method shows that the bullwhip effect value is significantly lower if it follows the recommended values derived from this forecasting method. Applying the Moving Average method indirectly minimizes the risk of amplification or overproduction
Deteksi kendaraan di lalu lintas menggunakan Kalman Filter dan Yolo v8
Get PDFThis research discusses the development of a vehicle detection and tracking model for traffic using the YOLO v8 algorithm integrated with a Kalman Filter. The goal of this study is to improve vehicle tracking accuracy in traffic video recordings, with enhanced robustness against occlusions and disturbances. The methodology involves data collection from a vehicle image dataset available on Roboflow, followed by data processing into training, validation, and testing subsets. The model was trained over 30 epochs using Google Colaboratory, achieving a Mean Average Precision (mAP50) of 93%, a precision of 90%, and a recall of 89%. Testing was conducted on traffic footage from the City of Madiun, obtained from the Madiun City Government's CCTV website, demonstrating high detection and tracking performance. Model evaluation results indicate an accuracy of 93%, precision of 96%, recall of 85%, and an F1 score of 90%. The confusion matrix evaluation shows good performance in detecting vehicles, including cars, motorcycles, and trucks, making it a potentially effective solution for traffic monitoring challenges.Penelitian ini membahas pengembangan model deteksi dan pelacakan kendaraan pada lalu lintas menggunakan algoritma YOLO v8 yang terintegrasi dengan Kalman Filter. Tujuan dari penelitian ini adalah untuk meningkatkan akurasi pelacakan kendaraan pada rekaman video lalu lintas, dengan ketahanan yang lebih baik terhadap oklusi dan gangguan. Metode yang digunakan dalam penelitian ini mencakup pengumpulan data dari dataset gambar kendaraan yang tersedia di Roboflow, serta pengolahan data menjadi subset pelatihan, validasi, dan pengujian. Model dilatih selama 30 epoch menggunakan Google Colaboratory, dan mendapat nilai Mean Average Precision (mAP50) mencapai 93%, presisi 90%, dan recall 89%. Pengujian dilakukan menggunakan rekaman CCTV dari lalu lintas di Kota Madiun yang diperoleh dari situs web CCTV Pemkot Madiun, menunjukkan kinerja deteksi dan pelacakan yang tinggi. Hasil evaluasi menunjukkan akurasi sebesar 93%, presisi 96%, recall 85%, dan skor F1 sebesar 90%. Evaluasi menggunakan confusion matrix menunjukkan performa yang baik dalam mendeteksi kendaraan, seperti mobil, sepeda motor, dan truk. Penelitian ini berpotensi menjadi solusi yang efektif dalam mengatasi masalah pemantauan lalu lintas
The influence of crowdedness on brand image and its impact on word of mouth
Get PDFPopularitas yang terjadi pada sebuah restoran dapat menyebabkan keramaian yang tak terhindarkan, seperti yang terjadi pada restoran Mie Gacoan di Kota Malang, di mana tempat tersebut menarik sejumlah besar pengunjung setiap harinya. Situasi ini dapat menimbulkan berbagai dampak negatif seperti antrean yang panjang, waktu tunggu layanan yang lama, dan masalah kesesakan, baik dalam hal kesesakan manusia maupun kesesakan spasial. Kesesakan manusia mengacu pada sesaknya suatu tempat akibat terdapat banyaknya orang, sedangkan kesesakan spasial mengacu pada benda-benda non-manusia yang memenuhi suatu ruangan seperti meja, kursi, dan berbagai dekorasi lainnya. Kondisi ini dapat mempengaruhi citra merek pada suatu restoran, yang pada akhirnya akan memengaruhi komunikasi dari mulut ke mulut yang diinisiasi oleh konsumen. Penelitian ini menggunakan analisis Partial Least Squares-Structural Equation Modeling (PLS-SEM) dengan sampel sebanyak 150 responden. Temuan penelitian ini menunjukkan adanya hubungan positif antara kesesakan manusia dengan citra merek, serta antara kesesakan spasial dengan citra merek. Demikian pula, terdapat korelasi positif antara citra merek dan komunikasi dari mulut ke mulut, yang menunjukkan pengaruh yang signifikan antara hubungan tersebut.The popularity of a restaurant led to unavoidable crowdedness, as seen in the case of Mie Gacoan restaurant in Malang City, where the establishment attracted a large number of visitors daily. This situation resulted in various negative impacts, such as long lines, extended waiting times for service, and issues with crowdedness, both in terms of human crowdedness and spatial crowdedness. Human crowdedness refers to the congestion caused by a large number of people in a space, while spatial crowdedness refers to non-human objects occupying a space such as table, chair, and other decorations. These conditions influenced the brand image of the restaurant which ultimately affecting word-of-mouth communication initiated by consumers. This study used Partial Least Squares-Structural Equation Modeling (PLS-SEM) analysis with a sample size of 150 respondents. The findings of this research showed a positive relationship between human crowdedness and brand image, as well as between spatial crowdedness and brand image. Similarly, there was a positive correlation between brand image and word-of-mouth, indicating a significant influence