Varna Medical University Press: Journals
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Sclerosing inflammatory pseudotumor of the eyelid: A clinical case report
Get PDFIntroduction: Sclerosing inflammatory pseudotumor is a rare benign condition that mimics a malignant lesion or an inflammatory process. Its occurrence on the eyelids is an exception. It is of utmost importance to recognize its possible clinical manifestations, therapeutic approaches, and expected prognosis.Aim: The aim of this case report is to present the pathomorphological characteristics, clinical findings, imaging studies, differential diagnosis, and therapeutic management of a sclerosing inflammatory pseudotumor mimicking a hordeolum (stye) localized in the upper eyelid.Methods: The study involved a 30-year-old patient with an eyelid abnormality. The initial contact with the participant occurred in an outpatient setting, followed by hospitalization, during which clinical examination, biometric and imaging studies were performed. These included visual acuity testing, intraocular pressure measurement using a pneumotonometer, biomicroscopy, ophthalmoscopy, perimetry, and optical coherence tomography (OCT). Additional laboratory tests were also conducted, including the Wassermann test and T-SPOT.TB. After computed tomography (CT) of the orbits with intravenous contrast and magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) with contrast enhancement, a biopsy was performed and histological material was examined. A diagnosis of sclerosing inflammatory pseudotumor was established, and further tests were carried out—c-ANCA, p-ANCA, and antiphospholipid antibodies. Treatment was continued in a hospital setting.Results: Following clinical examination, a granuloma, cyst, or tumor process was suspected. Imaging studies suggested the possibility of a lacrimal lymphoma, inflammatory pseudotumor, or pleomorphic adenoma. Laboratory investigations ruled out tuberculosis, syphilis, and vasculitic etiology. The histological result confirmed a sclerosing inflammatory pseudotumor.Diagnosis: Sclerosing inflammatory pseudotumor.Treatment: The patient was hospitalized and underwent conservative treatment.Conclusion: After extensive investigations, surgical intervention and removal of the lesion were avoided. The patient was successfully treated conservatively
The effects of BIS monitoring on sedation in intensive care units
Get PDFIntroduction. Sedation in intensive care units (ICUs) is crucial, especially for patients on mechanical ventilation. Deep sedation is associated with longer ICU stays and more days on mechanical ventilation. Aim. The aim of our study was to determine whether sedation levels based on BIS monitoring lead to a lower total dose of sedatives, fewer days on invasive ventilation, shorter stays in the ICU, and to create a revised sedation protocol for our unit.Materials and Methods. A total of 80 sedated ICU patients were included. The control group consisted of 40 patients whose sedation levels were monitored using the RASS scale. The experimental group consisted of 40 patients whose sedation levels were monitored using BIS.Results. Patients whose sedation levels were monitored with BIS and adjusted accordingly spent less time on the ventilator, less time in the ICU, had shorter hospital stays, and experienced lower mortality.Conclusion. The results of our study are promising, but there is still a need for more studies on the role of BIS monitoring in sedation management in ICUs
The Pilates system - essence and benefits
Get PDFIntroduction: Pilates is a holistic approach that promotes the integration of mind, body and soul. The founder of Pilates, Joseph Pilates, realised that it is crucial to develop the abdominal and back muscles to strengthen the torso and allow unrestricted movement of the whole body. The technique includes exercises that aim to improve strength, flexibility, balance and inner satisfaction. Multiple repetitions are not mandatory, but it is important to perform each exercise or series of movements with extreme precision and control. This approach helps to strengthen and stretch the muscles without increasing muscle mass. Exercises can be performed on the floor without aids, using an exercise ball, or with the help of special equipment. Pilates has developed more than 500 exercises that require concentration, focus, fluidity of movement and breathing.Aim: To investigate the benefits of Pilates exercises.Materials and Methods: A review of medical literature from the last ten years.Results: Numerous studies have investigated the effectiveness of Pilates exercises in the rehabilitation of various diseases. The exercises are suitable for people aged 50 and over with musculoskeletal disorders since they have been shown to relieve pain and improve physical function and overall quality of life. Studies have shown that pregnant women have a significantly lower caesarean section rate and shorter labour. Pilates is suitable for children from the age of eight and adults. The exercises performed on the mat are more relevant and suitable for them. Pilates improves the spine's alignment and flexibility, leading to a better quality of life and increased self-confidence in children with postural problems and spinal curvatures. The Pilates technique can prevent musculoskeletal disorders and sports injuries by stimulating the development of a muscular corset, correcting muscular imbalances, improving joint flexibility and mobility, and refining movement coordination.Conclusion: Regardless of the type of Pilates exercise, each workout has benefits in reducing stress, anxiety, and depression, improving muscle tone and strength, increasing respiratory volume, and treating pain. The Pilates technique is an extremely effective method for the prevention and treatment of numerous diseases, not only in older people but also in children
Obesity as a pandemic: a review of current epidemiological data, treatment, and prevention options
Get PDFObesity represents a pandemic with significant health and economic consequences. According to the World Health Organization, by 2030, 60% of the world's population is expected to be overweight or obese. The factors contributing to the development of obesity are diverse and include sociocultural, economic, genetic, and biological aspects. The increasing number of obese individuals highlights the need for complex and innovative approaches to treatment and prevention.Research in the field of obesity continues to uncover new methods for treatment, including non-invasive options such as changes in dietary habits and physical activity, pharmacotherapy, and surgical interventions. Successful management of obesity requires an integrated and multidisciplinary approach. Collaboration between the scientific community, health organizations, and public institutions is essential for addressing this challenge.Combining different therapeutic strategies and providing individualized treatment for each patient is a key element in the fight against obesity. This approach can significantly reduce the risk of cardiovascular and metabolic diseases and improve patients' quality of life
Foreign bodies in the maxillary sinus: a review
Get PDFReports of foreign bodies in the maxillary sinus have existed for many years. The most common iatrogenic causes are related to dental procedures. Foreign bodies enter the sinus primarily through two mechanisms: apical migration of tooth roots, fragments, or dental materials and as a result of trauma to the maxillofacial region. Patients are often asymptomatic, and the finding is frequently discovered incidentally on X-ray examination. In over 60% of cases, unilateral maxillary sinusitis or aspergillosis occurs. Sinusitis caused by a foreign body does not clinically differ from odontogenic maxillary sinusitis, and there is no specific symptom that points to this diagnosis. Methods for the removal of foreign bodies from the maxillary sinus vary depending on the size and location of the object. These methods can be categorized as follows: alveolar access, the Caldwell-Luc approach, and functional endoscopic sinus surgery (FESS) via nasal or oral access.Reports of foreign bodies in the maxillary sinus have existed for many years. The most common iatrogenic causes are related to dental procedures. Foreign bodies enter the sinus primarily through two mechanisms: apical migration of tooth roots, fragments, or dental materials and as a result of trauma to the maxillofacial region. Patients are often asymptomatic, and the finding is frequently discovered incidentally on X-ray examination. In over 60% of cases, unilateral maxillary sinusitis or aspergillosis occurs. Sinusitis caused by a foreign body does not clinically differ from odontogenic maxillary sinusitis, and there is no specific symptom that points to this diagnosis. Methods for the removal of foreign bodies from the maxillary sinus vary depending on the size and location of the object. These methods can be categorized as follows: alveolar access, the Caldwell-Luc approach, and functional endoscopic sinus surgery (FESS) via nasal or oral access
Regional dimension of production factor costs in Bulgarian agriculture
Get PDFThe paper analyses and evaluates the economic factors shaping the production factors cost in agricultural holdings in the six territorial regions of Bulgaria. It examines the changes in the composition, structure and dynamics of production factor costs - total and more types, as well as their dependence on net income and subsidies. The largest growth was achieved in the rent paid for rented land, followed by the wage paid for labour and interest paid for rented capital. There is a significant growth of factor costs in the regions specialised in fieldcrops cultivation - mainly due to rent costs, while in the regions with diversified production, wage costs prevail. Increased input costs reduce net income, making farms more dependent on public support. The analysis can assist regional farm managers and public authorities
Ethical issues in cosmetic industry
Get PDFThe article aims to examine ethical issues in cosmetic industry focusing on health and safety issues, work conditions, discrimination, marketing campaigns, animal testing, and environmental issues. First, we discuss the ethical dimensions of the relations between cosmetic companies and their employees or customers. Second, different environmental matters are presented considering sourcing materials, producing and consuming cosmetic products. Packaging and waste disposal problems are concerned as being important part of the product lifecycle in the sector. It is accented that regulation and legislation have impact on ethics in cosmetic industry. Changes in consumer demand reflect and impose substantial shift to sustainability principles by the cosmetic companies. In this regard, various measures and good practices are presented in order to illustrate the shift to natural cosmetics
Application of the "Universal Design" concept in tourism
Get PDFThe concept of universal design is not new to modern society. It dates back to the 1960s and today is seen as a way for fighting for fairness and equality and for development of anti-discrimination policies. As a socio-economic phenomenon, tourism is called upon to support social inclusion and create experiences for all, regardless of their physical, mental, financial and social status. The application of universal design in the creation of the tourism product is essential to stimulate marginalized groups to take part in various tourism activities. The present study outlines the essential characteristics and features of universal design and systematizes good practices in the concept’s application in tourism