Varna Medical University Press: Journals
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Trends and challenges in the implementation of the National Recovery and Resilience Plan in Bulgaria
Get PDFAs part of the European Union, Member States have access to significant funding to achieve sustainable development in social, economic and environmental aspect. Through the Recovery and Resilience Facility, countries have the opportunity to overcome the consequences of the Covid-19 crisis while at the same time achieving development in terms of digital transition, innovation, employment and climate neutrality. The present study aims to analyze the degree of implementation of the National Recovery and Resilience Plan in Bulgaria, including main areas of funding, types of beneficiaries, number of contracts, etc. Among the research methods and approaches used are structural analysis, induction, method of comparison. The main results show that there is a serious delay in Bulgaria in terms of utilization of funds and fund flow, due to multiple macroeconomic factors, as well as an imbalance between priorities, beneficiaries and expected results
Role of organizational vision in the online publicized culture of companies in Bulgaria
Get PDFThe vision is a basic strategic document and a key element of the corporate culture of business organizations published on the Internet. It has an important communication function because it highlights to the company's external and internal stakeholders how far the dreams of its top executives stretch. In this regard, the aim of the paper is to establish the role of the organizational vision of companies from various sectors of the Bulgarian economy, proclaimed on the Internet, and to outline the common features and differences in its publication and content characteristics. The results of the research show that senior managers of companies underestimate the importance of the vision and make significant mistakes in its formulation
Z-score variants for assessing the banking business in Bulgaria for the period 2007-2023
Get PDFThe years from 2007 to the present can hardly be described as calm. The global financial and economic crisis, the Eurozone debt crisis, COVID-19, the war in Ukraine, innovations, competition from the non-banking sector, the preferences and attitudes of new generations, deflation followed by high inflation, the energy crisis, and more are just some of the factors that characterize this period as "turbulent and highly dynamic."The effects triggered by these factors have, on the one hand, led to changes in regulations, and on the other, accelerated the pace of innovation and the introduction of a new type of banking. This new banking approach combines security and traditional resilience while adapting to the demands of modern times.This study seeks to answer the questions: "How financially stable are banks in Bulgaria (as of 2023) during the period from 2007 to the present?" and "Have the events of the past nearly two decades had an impact on the banking sector in the country?
Methods of sustainable development in maritime industry
Get PDFThe development of world trade and global economic lead to creation of integrated transport chains that need implementation on large variety of information technological and digital decisions and high level of commercial, economic and legal knowledge, that enable quickly and appropriate adaptation in continuous changes in maritime sector. Logistics integration requires companies involved in maritime transport to handle cargoes in a much more flexible and efficient way and to work together by cooperating in order to realize mutual benefits. This paper is focused on a study on methods of sustainable development in maritime industry and on the possibilities for applying innovative strategy for smart specialization in port sector and logistics companies
National or sectoral qualifications framework in the armed forces
Get PDFThis article analyzes the application of the National qualification framework, the National classifier of positions and professions and Ministry of Defense human resources documents in the process of formulating the qualification requirements for positions in the armed forces. Given the diversity of positions and their additional classification outside the national one, the need to create a more detailed qualification framework instead of directly applying the National qualification framework has been identified. The advantages of creating and implementing a Sectoral qualification framework for the armed forces are defined, in which the hierarchical levels and career areas/fields are laid down in the overall process of human resources management
Consolidation Of The Murburn Model Of Flagella-Aided Motility In Bacteria
Get PDFHoward Berg had proposed a ‘rotary motor’ explanatory paradigm for the flagella-assisted motility of bacteria (1), claiming that proton motive force (pmf) provided the powering in such propulsion in low Reynold’s number regimes (2). Paul Boyer subsequently suggested a pmf-aided rotary functionalism for explaining Complex V’s role in photo-/oxidative- phosphorylations in chloroplasts/mitochondria. Michael Behe had questioned the ‘evolvability’ of such self-assembled multi-molecular protein complexes with rotary functions, calling these proposals ‘irreducibly complex’. Over the last 25 years, while championing a new stochastic cellular principle of life (complementing the deterministic principle of central dogma) called murburn concept, we discredited the idea of “pmf-assisted rotary functions” in cellular routines in the two systems above. Herein, we confirm some of our earlier predictions and provide further evidence/arguments supporting the murburn model of flagella-aided motility in bacteria: (i) the component proteins of C-ring and Mot proteins show large variations in monomeric constitution and amino acid sequences suggesting that they could not have evolved for rotary activity (3), (ii) the purported rotary fulcrum role of a single amino acid residue (MotB’s D/E32) is untenable as it is not conserved in a wide variety of bacteria surveyed, (iii) the C-ring proteins and cytoplasm-side of MotA have a relatively higher concentration of charged residues that enable DRS recruitment/utilization, and (iv) the basal module is a Type-3 secretory system ejecting fluid wherein MotAB complex enable efficient proton delivery for water formation and expulsion via the rod
80th anniversary of the birth of Ivan Ivanov (1944-2001), an archeologist and public activist
No full textТhis year marked 80 years since the birth of Ivan Ivanov – the archaeologist who studied the Varna Chalcolithic necropolis and showed it to the world. On the occasion of this anniversary, a collection titled "To Leave Behind" was published. It contains journalistic texts written by Ivan Ivanov in the period 1992–2001 and published in various Varna newspapers. The texts reflect the personal experiences and observations of their author of everything that happened during the specified period in the public life of the city of Varna. This gives the collection the character of a chronicle of the transition in Bulgaria and Varna from one political and economic system to another, from the 20th to the 21st century, and from the second to the third millenniu
Minimally invasive treatment methods for adrenal tumors
Get PDFINTRODUCTION: Laparoscopic adrenalectomy (LA) is the standard of care for the surgical management of adrenal tumors of a size that allows their safe manipulation. Shortened hospital stay, lower postoperative complications, and better cosmetic outcome are the main advantages of this method.AIM: The objective of this article is to study the results of laparoscopic adrenalectomy in a single center.MATERIALS AND METHODS: Between 2008 and 2024, 81 patients aged between 11 and 78 years with imaging evidence of adrenal tumor formation were operated. Preliminary specification and follow-up of the hormonal activity of the found tumor formations was performed according to the protocol in the Clinic of Endocrinology and Metabolic Diseases at St. Marina University Hospital, Varna.RESULTS: Intra- and postoperative outcomes were analyzed. Complications were classified according to Dindo-Clavien. Intraoperative hypertensive crises with blood pressure (BP) levels of up to 300/120 mmHg were observed in 2 patients. Conversion was required in 4 patients, one patient due to bleeding and the rest due to tumor size. Laparoscopic adrenalectomy requires reduced postoperative analgesic medication, shorter hospital stay, and faster patient adaptation and recovery. Complications were observed in 9.87% (n = 8). Postoperative follow-up of hormonal activity showed good control of arterial pressure postoperatively and normalization of hormonal activity in hormone-producing adenomas.CONCLUSION: Surgical treatment offers a radical cure for patients with adrenal tumors. Laparoscopic adrenalectomy is a safe procedure with a low morbidity rate and should be considered as the first method of choice. The lesion diameter and hormonal activity are the predictive values for the complication rates
Polycystic ovary syndrome in adolescents — controversial diagnostic criteria and potential new biomarkers
Get PDFPolycystic ovary syndrome (PCOS) is one of the most common endocrine disorders, affecting reproductive age women. The etiology and pathogenesis of the syndrome are still not fully understood, but insulin resistance and hyperinsulinemia, neuroendocrine dysfunction leading to elevated luteinizing hormone (LH) levels, imbalance between ovarian and adrenal androgens, follicle-stimulating hormone (FSH) and anti-Müllerian hormone (AMH), genetic and epigenetic factors are thought to be involved. Polycystic ovary syndrome may start in adolescence and evolve into adulthood, leading to metabolic, cardiovascular, obstetric, and psychological complications. This makes early diagnosis and treatment very important. The main characteristics of PCOS, and main diagnostic criteria, are menstrual irregularities, clinical or biochemical hyperandrogenism and polycystic ovarian morphology (PCOM). In adolescents these characteristics overlap with physiological pubertal changes, which may lead to late diagnosis or overdiagnosis with adverse late consequences in terms of quality of life in adulthood. That is why there is ongoing research focusing on new biomarkers with high sensitivity and specificity for diagnosing the disease and monitoring the therapy. Some of these potential biomarkers, namely AMH, insulin-like peptide 3 (INSL-3), preptin, nesfatin-1, irisin, and microRNAs (miRNAs) are covered in this review