Varna Medical University Press: Journals
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Contemporary study on the correlation between the type of prosthetic restoration and the consistency of consumed food
Get PDFIntroduction: The study is motivated by the need for contemporary research on the impact of prosthetic treatment on the functions of the masticatory system. The topic of chewing efficiency and bolus formation is relevant and crucial for the success of any prosthetic treatment.Aim: The aim of this article is to analyze the masticatory efficiency after prosthetic treatment, using subjective methods.Materials and methods: Between 2020 and 2023, a sociological study was conducted among 462 patients who had undergone prosthetic treatment. A validated and statistically reliable questionnaire was used for the survey.Results: There was a higher frequency of partial and complete denture distribution among individuals over the age of 50 (28.5% and 30.7%) compared to those surveyed who were 50 years old or younger (19.1% and 11.0%).Significant differences in the structure of prosthetic treatments between men and women were observed. For example, the relative proportion of women with fixed prosthetic restorations (bridges) (35.3%) was higher compared to men (21.9%). On the other hand, the relative proportion of men with removable partial acrylic dentures (36.1%) was higher than that of women (14.7%).Almost all respondents with bridges (95.4%) and all respondents with cast partial dentures (97.9%) reported that they could eat normal and hard foods. The proportion of respondents with partial acrylic dentures, who stated they could eat normal and hard foods, was slightly over half (52.2%). The greatest difficulties in chewing normal and hard food were reported by those, treated with complete dentures, with only 33.6% stating they could consume food of such consistency.Conclusion: Using a subjective method, the best masticatory efficiency was found in patients with prosthetic restorations of maxillary defects with fixed constructions and removable cast partial dentures
Factors influencing postextraction alveolar ridge resorption
Get PDFINTRODUCTIONPostextraction resorption is an irreversible process that causes a reduction in alveolar ridge width and height and, thus, can pose functional and aesthetic challenges for future implant and prosthetic rehabilitation. The resorption rate varies between individuals and between different time intervals within the same individual. Various factors have been reported to influence the resorption process.AIMThis review aims to discuss the factors influencing postextraction alveolar bone resorption and compare their significance.MATERIALS AND METHODSAn electronic search using Web of Science, PubMed, Scopus, and Google Scholar databases was conducted until May 2024. This review includes 40 articles. It summarizes the scientific evidence on the reviewed topic.RESULTSPostextraction resorption depends on numerous system and local factors, the most common of which are the extent of surgical trauma, morphological features of the socket, presence of infection, type and position of the tooth, periodontal biotype, type and time of prosthetic treatment, and some metabolic disorders and bad habits, such as smoking.Further research is necessary to determine how the knowledge of the factors influencing postextraction resorption can be used as a predictive factor for the expected amount of bone loss, and the exact methods that can prevent such resorption, such as ridge preservation, immediate implant placement, etc.CONCLUSIONPostextraction alveolar ridge resorption is an inevitable process that can hinder the implant and prosthetic rehabilitation of the dentition. Understanding the factors influencing this process can assist ridge preservation after tooth loss and the rehabilitation of the dentition
Study of physical activity and pain in the spine area in university employees with musculoskeletal disorders
Get PDFINTRODUCTION: Prolonged sitting at the workplace and reduced physical activity outside of working hours represent a risk factor for the occurrence of musculoskeletal disorders among office workers.AIM: With a focus on the prevention of the health of workers in the field of higher education, we set ourselves the goal of assessing the level of physical activity and the Oswestry Disability Index among the employees of the administrative staff in order to develop recommendations for the prevention and prophylaxis of musculoskeletal disorders.MATERIALS AND METHODS: In the period 2021–2023 an interdisciplinary project was carried out with the support of the Science Fund of the Medical University of Varna. A survey was carried out, consisting of a questionnaire for assessing physical activity and the Oswestry Disability Index. The analysis of the results focused on the relationship between the level of physical activity, the localization of chronic pain in the spine area, and the pain intensity. Data were processed using IBM SPSS Statistics (version 22.0).RESULTS: The level of physical activity among the studied sample was below the recommended norms by the World Health Organization. The results show that only 39.8% (n = 53) of the respondents exercise two or three times a week. The localization of the pain they experience is in: cervical spine (n = 44 (33.1%)), thoracic spine (n = 12 (9.0%)), and lumbar spine (n = 52 (39.1%)). Some of the respondents did not indicate a specific point of pain (n = 25 (18.8%)). According to the Oswestry Disability Index, n = 113 (85.0%) were in the slightly impaired working capacity category, n = 20 (15.0%) of the surveyed employees had moderately impaired working capacity.CONCLUSION: After analyzing the results, we recommended that office workers periodically changed their position from sitting to standing during work every hour. Another recommendation was to adhere to healthy levels of physical activity outside working hours and to sleep ≥ 6 hours/day, according to the WHO recommendations, to reduce the risks of musculoskeletal disorders
Repeat keratoplasty results
Get PDFIntroduction:Keratoplasty is one of the most common tissue transplants. The survival rate in these cases is about 57% for a 5-year period and 11.1%—for a 12-year period. The primary diagnosis also has an influence.Aim: The aim of this article is to present the results of penetrating keratoplasty in reoperation patients over a 10-year period.Material and Methods: A retrospective clinical study was conducted in which 31 patients (33 eyes) with repeat keratoplasty were followed up and analyzed. The average period between the primary keratoplasty and the first repeat keratoplasty was 19 months. All patients underwent penetrating keratoplasty.Results: Distributed by gender, 21 (67.74%) of the patients were male and 10 (32.26%) were female. At discharge from the hospital, the transplant was transparent in 80–84% of cases. According to the primary indication for keratoplasty, the percentage of patients with bullous keratopathy and corneal dystrophy was the highest. The percentage of patients with visual acuity was the highest—0.05–0.09. No statistically significant difference was found in graft survival depending on the number of reoperations and the primary indication for keratoplasty.Conclusion:Repeat keratoplasty is the only option for some improvement in vision, despite the high risk
The role of CardioMEMS HF in the management of chronic heart failure: An overview
Get PDFThe global importance of heart failure has risen exponentially in recent years. This is partly due to its prevalence, as much as 2% of the total population, and the high cost of therapy and unfavorable prognosis define the need for modern and novel therapies with the aim of extending the life expectancy of the affected while improving quality of life as well. Telemedicine offers exciting perspectives in mitigating this global challenge. CardioMEMS HF, a recent development of Abott Laboratories, is an implantable sensor which enables the physician to take action in the earliest stages of the chain leading to the transition from stable to decompensated heart failure. Research materials for this study have been gathered from online scientific databases—PubMed and Cochrane Library. An array of studies, published in prestigious scientific journals indicate that CardioMEMS HF prolongs the median life expectancy, improves the quality of life and facilitates a more tailored to the needs of the patient pharmacotherapy. CardioMEMS is an effective, safe, and cost-effective method for patients suffering from heart failure regardless of the ejection fraction
Promotion Of A Healthy Lifestyle In Students - Overweight Nurses And Midwives
Get PDFOverweight and obesity are a global public health problem, due to a significant increase in prevalence in recent years.Objective: to present and analyze data to reveal and complement the motivation to change dietary habits and physical activity in nurses. In addition to nutrition and physical activity levels, different categories of activity have been shown to be related to obesity. A number of studies have evaluated the relationship between the nature of work of healthcare professionals and obesity. Nurses have been found to have a higher risk of obesity than other members of the medical team. The relatively high rate of obesity among medical staff is due to their exposure to irregular and long working hours, poor diet and work stress. Shift work and night work carry a high risk of obesity due to the low quality of food consumed, irregular meals and lack of sleep.Approximately one third of the students were found to be overweight or obese, with an average weight gain of around 5kg. in the first year of university studies
Nurse's Role In Assisting Families Of Children Transitioning To Nursery
Get PDFThe term "adaptation" originates from Latin and literally means "adjustment". It is a life process that requires continuous bodily adjustment to constantly restore the upset equilibrium. In early childhood, changes in behaviour lead to disturbances in the emotional state, causing tension, anxiety, and depression. Difficulties accompany this process.This study aims to analyse the nurse’s role and her/his interaction with families during a child's time in the nursery.Material and Methods: The opinion poll involves fifty families whose children attended the Prolet (Spring) Nursery in Veliko Tarnovo. The survey used a documentary method, a questionnaire, and a statistical method for information processing and analysis. The questionnaire developed by the authors consisted of 13 questions about the child's preparation for nursery and its adaptation process.Results and Discussion: The data of the opinion poll suggest that the majority of children entering the nursery are over 2 years old (82%), and most parents' primary motivation for enrolling their children is to help with their socialisation and overall physical and mental development (74% and 70% respectively). The majority of parents (74%) were between 31-40 years old. The adaptation period for most children (68%) lasted up to 15 days. The most common issues observed during the adaptation period were whining (52%) and respiratory infections (48%).Conclusion: The push to invest in early childhood development is increasingly becoming a driving force in enhancing early childhood care and education systems. Health professionals, leveraging their expertise, can establish a rapport with parents, offering support and guidance in child care. By embracing a collaborative, person-centred approach, their partnership will aid in achieving the established goals—ensuring the child's proper physical and neuro-mental development
Factors That Motivate Midwives To Work In The Field Of Reproductive Health
Get PDFSummary: The specificity of work in reproductive medicine centers (RCM) is accompanied by different types of challenges. Along with the fulfillment of duties that require high technology, precision and knowledge of their specificity. Medical specialists from the Center for Disease Control must have a good psychological approach in working with men and women with reproductive problems. The approach to all patients requires high delicacy, empathy, understanding, trust and high professionalism.Objective: To find out what are the factors that motivate and demotivate midwives to work in the Center for Disease Control and Prevention.Materials and methods: An anonymous survey was conducted among 45 respondents (senior and rank-and-file midwives) working in the Central Medical Center in the cities of Sofia - MK "Dr. Shterev"; Plovdiv-USBALAG "Selena"; Varna - MK "Maichin dom"; Shumen - MC "St. Ivan Rilski"; Tutrakan - MC "St. Ivan Rilski". The survey was conducted in August 2022.Results and discussion: In the analysis of the obtained results, we found that the main reason that gives midwives reason to work in the Center is the good microclimate that is created among the staff (44%), slightly more than 1/3 of the respondents share that their motive for preferring this workplace is the established routine with which they perform their duties (32%). The share of those who share that they feel demotivated and are looking for another workplace is insignificant (4%).Conclusions: The work in the Center for Disease Control and Prevention is dynamic and specific, which is related to the need for adaptation and motivation of all rank-and-file midwives who have chosen their professional realization to be in this direction