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Exploring the Paths Between Ethical Leadership and Task Performance: Mediating Role of Emotional Intelligence
Get PDFEthical leadership is known to produce multiple positive employee outcomes. Ethical leaders provide guidance to their followers on ethical standards. The ability of emotional perception enables one to perceive and understand his/her own feelings completely and correctly, and better react to situations involving emotional interactions. Emotional intelligence has also positive impacts on various employee outcomes such as task performance. Task performance is linked to main organizational activities and behaviors typically specified in job definitions. Task performance is influenced by several factors, one of which is ethical leadership. Accordingly, the present study aimed to examine how emotional intelligence is related with task performance and whether ethical leadership has a mediating role in such relationship. The study was conducted with 256 participants using a set of questionnaires. The study data was analyzed using structural equation modeling. The study results showed that emotional intelligence has a positive effect on task performance, and ethical leadership plays a fully mediating role in such relationship
Determinants of Ethiopian Trade Balance: Vector Error Correction Model (VECM) Approach
Get PDFTrade balance is one core component of national income of countries especially in the present times on which every nation have open economy and foreign interaction. It may be in positive or negative depending on the trading and economic power of the nation. For instance Ethiopia has a negative trade balance for the previous two decades, implies that export of the country could not cover the import expenditure. This indicates that the proportion between export and import is always less than one. There are different factors which result into having as such circumstance. This study tried to assess the main determinants of the trade balance of Ethiopia by considering ratio of export and import as an approximation to trade balance. The study implements error correction model to analyze a time series data from 1981-2011, collected from World Bank. The long-run co-integration result shows that GNI per capita, domestic inflation and trade dependency of the country have negative and significant integration with the ratio of export to import. Given this, world oil price inflation has positive and significant effect on the ratio. The vector error correction model of the short-run regression shows that the previous year ratio (Export/Import), elasticity to import, previous year world oil price, agricultural growth and previous year GNI per capita have positive and significant effect on the speed of adjustment of the long-run trend of the ratio. Given this, elasticity of export, previous year inflation and current year GNI per capita affects the speed of adjustment negatively and significantly. The ECM result shows that the speed of adjustment of the deviation from the long-run trend line is 91%, which indicates that Ethiopian economic system is responsive for each policy measures.
A Relational Analysis of the Big Five Model in Search for the Most Suitable Employee Personality Traits in Nigeria Banking Industry Environment
Get PDFThe sustainability of banking industry in any national economy is based on “public confidence” which is anchored on honesty and integrity of the banking operators. These two character elements (honesty and integrity) are considered best-fit for banking jobs. Many of the studies based on relationship between personality traits (Five Factor Model) and job performance across many job descriptions have been carried out by many scholars and they show empirical evidence of their correlation. It is observed that neither of these studies had been found to have examined the extent to which each of the Five Factor Model relate to honesty and integrity. The purpose of this study is just to do that, that is, find out the intensity of honesty and integrity in each of the FFM. The study is a survey. A structured Likert Scale questionnaire of 1 to 5 was used to get information from the 68 senior employees across 8 banks in Enugu State of Nigeria. Mean score was used to determine the degree of these character elements in each of the personality traits in the model. Results indicate that out of the five personality traits in the FFM, only two – conscientiousness and extroversion were highly rated in their relationship with honesty and integrity. The balance of the three did not meet the criterion and were therefore lowly rated in their relationship with variable of interest. It is, therefore the conclusion of this study that Conscientiousness and Extroversion are the best personality traits suitable for banking jobs in Nigeria or anywhere else. It is recommended that human resource managers in Banking Industry seek for persons whose dominant personality traits centre on conscientiousness and extroversion for deployment in sensitive banking jobs
Trade Liberalization and Economic Growth in Developing and Developed Countries
Get PDFThe development of international trade can provide the ground for economic growth of a country. In this research we have tried to examine the impact of trade liberalization on economic growth in two groups of developed and developing countries to account for the development level as well as income level of countries using the Sachs–Warner index of trade liberalization during 1985-2014. The results of Houseman-Taylor (HT) estimation indicate that liberalization has a positive impact on the growth of per capita GDP; however the extent of this impact differs to the stage of economic development and income level of a country .The findings also indicate that developed countries are in less advantageous position due to liberalization compared to developing countries
Corporate Governance and Compliance in Botswana: Issues and Challenges
Get PDFPurpose -This paper investigates the extent of compliance with international best practice corporate governance principles by Botswana Unified Revenue Service (BURS), a State Owned Enterprise (SOE). The researchers wonder why in this modern day and age, architects (parliamentarians) of the Act of parliament which brought about governance structures of BURS, chose to depart from what is considered international best practice governance as recommended under codes of best practice corporate governance such as the King Code 2002. Second, the researchers also wonder whether the departure was by design or an oversight on the part of the architects of BURS governance structure.
Design/methodology/approach - Using content analysis, the BURS Act 2004 and the King Code 2002 are content analysed to draw parallels between governance structures recommended by the two governance instruments.
Findings – The findings of this study indicate a low level of compliance with international best practice corporate governance by BURS.
Practical implications - The researchers conclude that divergence of governance structures of BURS from international best practice has the potential to breed inter alia; incompetence, corruption, maladministration, dominance, cronyism and ultimately a weak institution.
Originality/value – Prior literature tends to investigate governance practices of public listed companies. This study contributes to governance literature by examining governance practices of a state owned enterprise which came into existence through an act of parliament.
 
Does Stronger Protection of Intellectual Property Have Effect on Trade?
Get PDF In this study we explore the association between patent protection and international trade, using data for 114 countries for the 2010-2015 years. Our results suggest non-linear (inverted U shape) link between IPR protection index and trade as a share of GDP.
Proofs of Fermat's Last Theorem\\and Beal's Conjecture
Get PDFIf is an odd prime and are relatively prime positive integers, then In this note, an elegant simple proof of this theorem is given that if is an odd prime and are positive integers satisfying then are each divisible by (Beal\rq{}s conjecture) The equation has no solution in relatively prime positive integers with primes at least is also proved; that is are all even
On the Crossing Number of Join of some Graphs of order six with nK1, Path and Cycle
No full textIt has been long conjectured by Zarankiewicz, the crossing number of the complete bipartite graph Km,n. This conjecture has been verified by Kleitman for min {m, n}<= 6. Using this result, we give the exact value of crossing number of the join of a certain graph G on six vertices with nK1, Pn and Cn, an empty graph, a path and a cycle respectively on n vertices
Solving the recognition problem of Lorenz braids via matrices of inversions for permutations
Get PDFIn this work, we present some needed results about matrices of inversions for permutations. Then we apply it for solving the recognition problem of Lorenz braids. Each Lorenz braid is uniquely determined by a unique simple binary matrix. Then, we got a quick algorithm for counting the trip number (minimal braid index) hence, crossing number and minimal braid representative of the Lorenz knots
Towards a matrix multi-level model of quark-gluon media
Get PDFThe key feature of the model is an infinite sequence of canonical immersions of groups: U(2) into U(3), U(2) into U(4), and so on. Let us refer to these groups as to levels: U(2) – the 0th level (that is, ours common), U(3) – the 1st, U(4) – the 2nd and so on. Levels relate to (quarks’) generations whereas flavor and color are also defined purely mathematically. According to the model, quarks can be interpreted as ‘sank’ protons (during the beginning of the reaction process, proton (or rather the support U(2) of its wave function) is merely pushed into a deeper level. The model seems to be compatible with detection of point-like constituents within the proton in highly inelastic electron-proton scattering (and with elastic electron-quark scattering). To introduce gluons, we deal with proton-antiproton pairs (tensor product). At each level, a gluon can be interpreted as a colored photon. Not each and every feature of the model coincides with the corresponding standard assumption about quarks and gluons. In particular, the total number of colors is level-dependent. The model predicts three new quarks (of the 4th generation)