Jurnal Online KIMIA FMIPA (Fakultas Matematika & Ilmu Pengetahuan Alam), Universitas Mulawarman
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SINTESIS DAN KARAKTERISASI NANOPARTIKEL PERAK TERMODIFIKASI GLUTATHIONE MENGGUNAKAN REDUKTOR NaBH4
No full textSilver nanoparticles (AgNPs) possess remarkable properties that make them suitable for various applications in biomedical, environmental, and catalytic fields. This study focuses on the synthesis and characterization of glutathione-modified silver nanoparticles (AgNPs-GSH) using sodium borohydride (NaBH₄) as a reducing agent. The reduction of AgNO₃ by NaBH₄ produces elemental silver nanoparticles, as indicated by a color change to bright yellow due to the localized surface plasmon resonance (LSPR) phenomenon. The synthesized nanoparticles were stabilized using glutathione (GSH), which binds through thiol (-SH), amine (-NH₂), and carboxyl (-COOH) functional groups, enhancing the stability and biocompatibility of the AgNPs. UV-Vis spectroscopic analysis revealed a maximum absorbance at 408 nm, consistent with the optical properties of silver nanoparticles. Furthermore, particle size analysis indicated an average nanoparticle size of 1.271 nm, with some degree of agglomeration. These findings suggest the successful synthesis and functionalization of AgNPs-GSH with potential applications in nanobiotechnology
SKRINING BAKTERI DARI AIR SUNGAI KARANG MUMUS SEBAGAI PENGHASIL ENZIM PROTEASE, SELULASE DAN LIPASE
No full textBacteria from polluted waters have the potential to produce extracellular hydrolase enzymes, namely protease enzymes, cellulase and lipase. This study was conducted to isolate bacteria from the water of the Karang Mumus River around Segiri Market, Samarinda as a producer of hydrolase enzymes. The bacteria were isolated in a nutrient-dense agar (NA) medium by the streak method. The results of bacterial isolation were obtained from 14 single colonies of bacteria. Single colonies of bacteria are selected to produce hydrolase enzymes in the form of proteases, cellulases and lipases. The results of the selection of hydrolase enzyme-producing bacteria were 3 protease-producing isolates, 10 cellulase-producing isolates, and 5 lipase-producing isolates
AKTIVITAS ANTI-Staphylococcal SECARA IN VITRO EKSTRAK DIKLOROMETANA DARI RIMPANG TEMU KUNCI (Boesenbergia rotunda) TERHADAP Staphylococcus aureus ATCC 25923
Full text linkThe rhizome of temu kunci (Boesenbergia rotunda) is one of the plants used by the local people in Indonesia as a traditional medicine. This study aimed to identify the secondary metabolite compounds contained in the dichloromethane extract with phytochemical screening and investigate its antibacterial activity against test bacteria Staphylococcus aureus ATTC 25923 was carried out by agar diffusion method with modification where tetracycline as a positive control and ethanol as a negative control. The phytochemical screening showed the dichloromethane extract contains secondary metabolites such as alkaloids, flavonoids, phenolics and triterpenoids. With 1 mg/mL of dichloromethane extract revealed its antibacterial activity against S. aureus with inhibitory zone value of 15.0 ± 0.0 mm while its MIC value of the extract was 0.031 ± 0.0 mg/mL toward of tested bacteria. In addition, tetracycline as a positive control at 0.5 μg/mL exhibited its antibacterial potential with an inhibitory zone value of 22.0 ± 0.0 mm and its MIC value of 0.016 ± 0.577 µg/mL.The rhizome of temu kunci (Boesenbergia rotunda) is one of the plants used by the local people in Indonesia as a traditional medicine. This study aimed to identify the secondary metabolite compounds contained in the dichloromethane extract with phytochemical screening and investigate its antibacterial activity against test bacteria Staphylococcus aureus ATTC 25923 was carried out by agar diffusion method with modification where tetracycline as a positive control and ethanol as a negative control. The phytochemical screening showed the dichloromethane extract contains secondary metabolites such as alkaloids, flavonoids, phenolics and triterpenoids. With 1 mg/mL of dichloromethane extract revealed its antibacterial activity against S. aureus with inhibitory zone value of 15.0 ± 0.0 mm while its MIC value of the extract was 0.031 ± 0.0 mg/mL toward of tested bacteria. In addition, tetracycline as a positive control at 0.5 μg/mL exhibited its antibacterial potential with an inhibitory zone value of 22.0 ± 0.0 mm and its MIC value of 0.016 ± 0.577 µg/mL
SKRINING FITOKIMIA, UJI ANTIOKSIDAN DAN UJI TOKSISITAS EKSTRAK ETANOL DAUN BINTARO (Cerbera manghas) DENGAN METODE BRINE SHRIMP LETHALITY TEST (BSLT)
Full text linkThe purpose of this study was to determine the results of phytochemical tests of bintaro leaf ethanol extract and to determine the results of antioxidant tests using the DPPH (1,1-diphenyl-2-picrylhydrazyl) method with a concentration variation of 100; 80; 60; 40; and 20 ppm obtained from bintaro leaf ethanol extract by testing its toxicity using the Brine Shrimp Lethality Test (BSLT) method. The results showed that the ethanol extract of bintaro leaves (Cerbera manghas) contains steroid compounds, saponins, and quinones. Furthermore, the IC50 value of the ethanol extract of bintaro leaves (C. manghas) was 41.68 ppm with a very strong category and the results of the toxicity test obtained the LC50 value of the ethanol extract of bintaro leaves (C. manghas) of 30.44 ppm with a very toxic category. An extract with an LC50 value ≤ 30 ppm has the potential as an anticancer drug candidate because of the correlation between the level of toxicity and anticancer activity so that these results can be concluded that the ethanol extract of bintaro leaves (C. manghas) has the potential to have bioactivity because it is toxic to Artemia salina L. shrimp larvae.
Keywords: Antioxidant, Brine Shrimp Lethality Test (BSLT), Bintaro Leaves, Phytochemical Tes
APLIKASI METAL-ORGANIC FRAMEWORKS (MOF) BERBASIS LOGAM Zn DALAM DEGRADASI FOTOKATALITIK POLUTAN ORGANIK
Full text linkPhotocatalytic degradation is a widely studied method for reducing the concentration of organic pollutants. This technique has proven effective in breaking down various organic compounds, including dyes, pharmaceuticals, and pesticides. Metal-Organic Frameworks (MOFs) represent a promising class of materials for photocatalytic degradation due to their favorable catalytic properties, such as high porosity and large surface area. Additionally, MOFs offer structural tunability, allowing their properties to be tailored for specific applications. This review discusses the structural characteristics, photocatalytic mechanisms, synthesis strategies, current applications, and the future prospects and challenges of Zn-based MOFs in the photocatalytic degradation of organic pollutants.
Keywords: Metal-Organic Frameworks, Zinc, Photocatalytic DegradationPhotocatalytic degradation is a widely studied method for reducing the concentration of organic pollutants. This technique has proven effective in breaking down various organic compounds, including dyes, pharmaceuticals, and pesticides. Metal-Organic Frameworks (MOFs) represent a promising class of materials for photocatalytic degradation due to their favorable catalytic properties, such as high porosity and large surface area. Additionally, MOFs offer structural tunability, allowing their properties to be tailored for specific applications. This review discusses the structural characteristics, photocatalytic mechanisms, synthesis strategies, current applications, and the future prospects and challenges of Zn-based MOFs in the photocatalytic degradation of organic pollutants.
Keywords: Metal-Organic Frameworks, Zinc, Photocatalytic Degradatio
MINI-REVIEW: APLIKASI SPEKTROFOTOMETRI UV-VIS PADA PENETAPAN PENGARUH MATRIKS TERHADAP PB DENGAN PENGOMPLEKS ALIZARIN SULFONAT
Full text linkHeavy metal contamination, particularly lead (Pb), is a serious environmental issue due to its toxic nature and ability to accumulate in the food chain. Common analytical methods such as AAS and ICP-OES offer high accuracy but require expensive instruments and complex procedures. As a simpler and more economical alternative, UV-Visible spectrophotometry utilizes the formation of coordination complexes between Pb²⁺ ions and complexing reagents such as alizarin sulfonate. This mini review discusses the interaction between Pb and alizarin sulfonate, the working principle of UV-Vis spectrophotometry, and the influence of sample matrices on complex stability. The review indicates that this method provides valid, rapid, and efficient results, and can be effectively applied to environmental samples with complex matrices, provided appropriate sample preparation and method validation are conducted.
Keywords: Lead (Pb), UV-Vis Spectrophotometry, Alizarin Sulfonate, Complex Formatio
REVIEW ARTIKEL: AKTIVITAS ANTIBAKTERI SENYAWA METABOLIT SEKUNDER PADA BEBERAPA EKSTRAK TANAMAN TERHADAP BAKTERI Escherichia coli
Full text linkIndonesia\u27s current biodiversity makes it something valuable for the community. Especially the use of plants that are used as medicinal materials. This is supported by the content of secondary metabolite compounds found in plants such as flavonoids, phenolics, steroids, saponins, tannins and others. These compounds have antibacterial activity that can be used to inhibit the growth of microbes that harm humans. By conducting a literature study of 10 national and international articles in the last 10 years of publication to review the ability of several plants that have potential as antibacterials. Tests were carried out on Escherichia coli bacteria which included the extract solvent used, the content of metabolite compounds in the extract and its activity based on the inhibition zone diameter value and/or minimum inhibitory concentration (MIC).
Keywords: Antibacterial, inhibition zone diameter, Escherichia coli, minimum inhibitory concentration, secondary metabolite
Uji Aktivitas Antibakteri Hasil Fermentasi Bakteri Endofit Umbi Talas (Colocasia esculenta L.) terhadap Bakteri: MINI REVIEW
Full text linkAntibacterial agents are substances used to eliminate microorganisms, especially those harmful to humans. These antibacterial compounds can be directly extracted from plants, where the extracts contain secondary metabolite compounds with antibacterial activity. The antibacterial testing is conducted on gram-positive bacteria, such as Propionibacterium, Staphylococcus, and others. The research method employed is a literature review of 10 national and international articles published within the last 10 years. The cited articles focus on studies of plants with potential as antibacterial agents against several gram-positive bacteria, including the extraction solvents used, the metabolite compounds present in the extracts, and their effectiveness based on the inhibition zone diameter and/or minimum inhibitory concentration using the disc diffusion method.
Keywords : Antibacterial, Diffusion Discs, Gram Positive, Secondary Metabolite
MINI REVIEW : PENGARUH KONSENTRASI BIOETANOL PADA PROSES FERMENTASI MENGGUNAKAN KROMATOGRAFI GAS
Full text linkFermentation has been used by traditional societies as far back as 6000 AD involving microorganisms such as yeast and bacteria that can convert carbohydrates into alcohol and carbon dioxide. This process is essential for the production of bioethanol produced from agricultural residues. Fermentation testing can be done using raw materials such as tubers, sticky rice, sago, water hyacinth and cassava to produce bioethanol as an alternative renewable energy. Methods This research utilizes 8 articles from national and international literature studies in the last 10 years that focus on the fermentation process to produce bioethanol. Research and development of efficient fermentation techniques is urgently needed to increase the yield and sustainability of bioethanol production, thus becoming an environmentally friendly solution in meeting global energy needs.
Keywords : Bioethanol, Fermentation, microorganism
MINI REVIEW: SINTESIS DAN KARAKTERISASI NANOPARTIKEL ALUMINIUM OKSIDA (Al2O3) DENGAN METODE PRESIPITASI
Full text linkThis review article aims to compare and analyze the latest research on the synthesis and characterization of aluminum oxide nanoparticles from inorganic waste. Aluminum Oxide (Alumina, Al2O3) is a compound formed from aluminum and oxygen. The nature of Al2O3 is resistant to corrosion. Based on a literature review, the synthesis of aluminum oxide nanoparticles can be synthesized by precipitation methods, sol-gel methods, electrolysis methods, green synthesis methods, sonochemical methods and others. The precipitation method is a method used to produce a powder that has advantages including homogeneous mixing that occurs from a reactant precipitate reduces the reaction temperature and the process of this method to synthesize metal oxide powder is very simple. This method has several disadvantages such as not being able to run well when using reactants that have different solubilities, this process is not appropriate for the manufacture of materials with a high level of purity, in addition this method does not have common synthesis conditions in the formation of several metal oxides. In this review, we will discuss the synthesis of Al2O3 nanoparticles characterization results using X-Ray Diffraction (XRD), Scanning Electron Microscope (SEM). Therefore, this mini review reviews the development of Al2O3 characterization synthesis with precipitation method.
Keywords : Synthesis, Al2O3, nanoparticles, Precipitatio