Jurnal Online KIMIA FMIPA (Fakultas Matematika & Ilmu Pengetahuan Alam), Universitas Mulawarman
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REVIEW ARTIKEL: PEMBUATAN DAN KARAKTERISASI MEMBRAN SELEKTIF ION TIPE KAWAT TERLAPIS
Full text linkIndustry in Indonesia is growing rapidly, causing an increase in waste including heavy metals and dyes that pollute waters. A method that can be used to detect these contaminants is the Coated Wire Type Ion Selective Electrode (ISE). ISE is an electrochemical sensor that is sensitive to ion activity, characterized by reversible potential changes. This method has the advantages of low cost, simple tools, and high selectivity. This study aims to compare membrane compositions to obtain optimal analytical results and examine electrode characteristics such as the price of the Nernst factor, linear concentration range, detection limit, response time, and life time. The results showed that variations in membrane composition affected electrode sensitivity and stability. This research is important for developing more efficient ISE for detecting heavy metals and dyes in polluted environments.
Keywords : Ion Selective Electrode, Wire Coated, Potentiometr
KAJIAN LITERATUR: PERAN BIOAKTIVITAS SENYAWA ALKALOID SEBAGAI ANTIOKSIDAN DAN PENGARUH TOKSISITAS TERHADAP ARTEMIA SALINA
Full text linkAlkaloids are bioactive compounds that are widely found in plants or medicinal plants, and are known to have various pharmacological benefits, including antioxidant properties. The role of alkaloids as antioxidants to protect Artemia salina from oxidative damage. Antioxidant compounds, including alkaloids, work by capturing and neutralizing free radicals that can cause oxidative stress in organism cells. However, the potential toxicity of alkaloids in aquatic organisms, such as Artemia salina, also needs to be studied to understand the possible side effects, because these antioxidant properties function to protect cells from damage caused by free radicals. This study aims to determine the bioactivity of alkaloid compounds against plants as antioxidants and toxicity to Artemia salina. The method used in this study is SLR (Systematic Literature Review) which collects and analyzes various sources of literature related to alkaloid bioactivity compounds against plants as antioxidants and toxicity to Artemia salina. The results showed that alkaloids have significant antioxidant activity, which is indicated by their ability to neutralize free radicals. However, toxicity tests also showed that certain concentrations had significant adverse effects on the survival of Artemia salina.
Keywords: Alkaloids, Antioxidants, Toxicity, Artemia salina
PEMBUATAN PUPUK ORGANIK CAIR DARI SAMPAH RUMAH TANGGA YANG DIAPLIKASIKAN PADA TANAMAN OBAT KELUARGA DI KELURAHAN MUARA JAWA TENGAH, KUTAI KARTANEGARA
Full text linkWaste management remains a critical issue in Muara Jawa Tengah Village. Household activities generate both organic and inorganic waste. However, the organic waste produced in the area is still underutilized and often contributes to environmental pollution. This activity aimed to convert household organic waste into liquid organic fertilizer (LOF), which can be applied to family medicinal plants (TOGA), thereby enhancing its utility and environmental value. The method implemented involved the production of LOF through the fermentation of household organic waste using effective microorganisms (EM4). The resulting LOF was a yellowish-brown liquid with a characteristic fermentation aroma. The presence of this aroma indicates successful anaerobic fermentation, wherein organic compounds such as carbohydrates, proteins, and lipids were decomposed into simpler compounds. These compounds are rich in essential macronutrients (N, P, and K) as well as various beneficial micronutrients. These nutrients play a significant role in supporting plant growth and development. Based on the findings, it can be concluded that LOF was successfully produced from household organic waste with the aid of EM4 and was effectively applied to TOGA in the Muara Jawa Tengah Village.
Keywords: Family Medicinal Plants, Liquid Organic Fertilizer, Organic Wast
ANALISA KADAR FOSFAT DAN NITRIT PADA SAMPEL AIR DANAU DENGAN MENGGUNAKAN METODE SPEKTROFOTOMETRI
Full text linkLake water plays an important role as a water resource and as a habitat for aquatic ecosystems. However, increasing human activities around the lake have led to pollution, particularly by phosphate and nitrite compounds originating from domestic and industrial waste. This study aims to determine the levels of phosphate and nitrite in lake water samples from the southern (AP1) and western (AP2) parts of the Polder using the UV-Vis spectrophotometry method. Phosphate analysis was conducted based on SNI 6989.31:2005, and nitrite analysis was based on SNI 06-6989.9-2004 using a UV-Vis spectrophotometer. The results showed that phosphate levels in samples AP1 and AP2 were 0.053 mg/L and 0.046 mg/L, respectively, while nitrite levels at both points were 0.055 mg/L. These parameters are still below the quality standard thresholds set by Government Regulation No. 22 of 2021. These findings indicate that the water quality of the Polder lake still meets the established environmental standards. Therefore, the UV-Vis spectrophotometry method is effective for water quality monitoring, and the results of this study can serve as a basis for sustainable aquatic environmental conservation efforts.
Keywords: Lake, Phosphate, Nitrite and UV-Vis Spectrophotometer
REVIEW ARTIKEL: ANALISIS pH, KONDUKTIVITAS, DAN OKSIGEN TERLARUT PADA AIR SERTA KADAR LOGAM BESI MENGGUNAKAN SPEKTROFOTOMETRI UV-VIS
Full text linkA literature review on the analysis of conductivity, ph and Dissolved Oxygen parameters and the application of uv-vis spectrophotometry in measuring iron metal levels in water was conducted. This literature review reviewed several studies related to water quality analysis with several parameters and measurement of total iron levels. Commonly used parameters include pH, conductivity, Dissolved Oxygen (DO), and iron metal levels. Measurements are made with tools such as pH meters, conductivity meters, DO meters, and UV-Vis spectrophotometry for iron metal levels. The use of UV-Vis spectrophotometry as a detection method was chosen due to its accuracy in quantitative analysis and its ability to identify dissolved metal species non-destructively. The results showed significant variations in these parameters at various locations. Some of these parameters did not meet the recommended water quality standards. The iron metal concentration data obtained showed variations in values depending on the type of complexant used in each sample. The main factors of concern are heavy metal contamination, especially iron, as well as low Dissolved Oxygen levels. The importance of regular water quality monitoring and better management is emphasized to maintain environmental balance and public health.
Keywords : Water quality, Dissolved oxygen, Conductivity, pH, Iron
LITERATUR REVIEW: PENGARUH INJEKSI INTRACEREBROVENTRIKULAR STREPTOZOTOCIN PADA OTAK MENCIT SEBAGAI KANDIDAT HEWAN MODEL ALZHEIMER
Full text linkBackground: Animal models of Alzheimer\u27s have now been developed in various studies to become potential animal models suitable for clinical conditions. Alzheimer\u27s in clinical conditions is characterized by Amyloid βeta (Aβ) plaques and intracellular tangles of neurofibrillary tangles as well as disorders of the acetylcholinesterase enzyme in the hippocampus. Rodents used include rats and mice. Mice are used because they are efficient and parts of the brain can be penetrated with a needle without requiring surgery. Objectives: Appropriate toxicant induction is needed so that the process of developing Alzheimer\u27s pathology is known, namely the use of Streptozotocin. Intracerebroventricular induction of strepzotocin in mice needs to be further understood. Material and Methods: The research method uses literature review with identification, screening, evaluation and interpretation of all research results collected through online search engines such as; Sciencedirect, Pubmed, GoogleScholar with keywords and meet the inclusion criteria Results: The results of the synthesis obtained selected data from 8 articles. ICV-STZ has been proven from various studies to induce Alzheimer\u27s pathology in both young and old male mice through neuroinflammatory pathways, oxidative stress, increasing Aβ expression and hyperphosphorylation of Tau as Alzheimer\u27s markers which are similar to clinical patients.
Keywords : Alzheimer, Hewan model, Literatur review, Mencit, Streptozotocin
Penentuan Validasi Metode Analisa Kadar Tinbal (Pb) Pada Kosmetik Berbagai macam merek dengan menggunakan Spektrofotometer UV-Visible
No full textPenelitian tentang validasi metode penentuan kadar timbal (Pb) pada kosmetik menggunakan spektrofotometer UV-Visible telah dilakukan. Validasi metode dilakukan dengan menentukan parameter validitas yang diuji antara lain yaitu uji linieritas dengan nilai koefisien korelasi sebesar 0,9998; limit deteksi 0,161 mg/L, limit kuantitasi 0,537 mg/L, uji akurasi diperoleh dengan persentase perolehan kembali yang memenuhi syarat keberterimaan yaitu 81,5-93,7% dan uji presisi untuk semua konsentrasi secara keseluruhan masih dapat diterima yaitu < 2%; serta nilai RSD yang diperoleh lebih kecil dari 2/3 CV Horwitz. Hasil analisis dari sembilan sampel diperoleh ada satu sampel yang tidak memenuhi syarat yaitu pada kode sampel B2 dengan kadar timbal sebesar 26,6 mg/kg, sehingga tidak aman untuk digunakan. Sedangkan untuk sampel lainnya masih dinyatakan aman karena memiliki kadar timbal dibawah baku mutu cemaran yang telah ditentukan BPOM yaitu ≤ 20 mg/kg
REVIEW ARTICLE: PEMANFAATAN MIKROKAPSUL ALGINAT SEBAGAI ADSORBEN ION LOGAM
Full text linkA review article has been carried out on the use of alginate microcapsules as metal adsorbents. From the review of this article, it was found that metal pollution would harm the environment, so alginate microcapsules were made which have a carboxylic acid group, namely carboxyl which is able to bind with a metal. The metals that are adsorbed are Cd2+, Cu2+, Mn2+, Cr6+, Ni2+. The microcapsules reviewed in this article include Ca-Alginate-EDTA Microcapsules, Magnetite-Alginate Microcapsules (MNPs-ALG), Alginate and Alginate/ Montmorillonite Films, polyvinyl alcohol-Na-alginate Microcapsules, Ca-alginate-DMG. The aim of modifying alginate microcapsules is to increase the metal absorption capacity, metal absorption recovery and surface area of each adsorbent. The way alginate microcapsules work is by exchanging unstable ions and the flow and stirring speed will affect the shape and size of the microcapsules. Slow stirring will produce microcapsules with a larger particle size because during the stirring process large droplets are formed. The absorption results obtained ranged from 84-119% and the adsorption capacity was 0.0301 - 185.95 mg/g.
Keywords : Adsorption, Alginate, Metal Ions, Microcapsul
Pemanfaatan Cangkang Telur Ayam sebagai Sumber CaO: Studi Karakterisasi menggunakan Fourier Transform Infrared Spectroscopy (FTIR
No full textThis research aims to utilize chicken eggshell waste as a raw material for producing calcium oxide (CaO) through a simple calcination method. Eggshells, which are mostly composed of calcium carbonate (CaCO₃), were calcined at 900°C for one hour. The resulting material was then characterized using Fourier Transform Infrared Spectroscopy (FTIR) to identify the presence of specific functional groups. The FTIR results showed a strong absorption peak at 602.14 cm⁻¹, indicating the presence of Ca–O bonds, which confirms the formation of CaO. However, additional peaks associated with hydroxyl (–OH) and carbonate (CO₃²⁻) groups were also detected, suggesting that some residual Ca(OH)₂ and CaCO₃ remained in the sample. This indicates that the calcination process was not fully complete, and further optimization may be necessary to improve the purity of the CaO obtained
Sintesis dan Karakterisasi Magnetit (Fe3O4)-Kitosan sebagai Adsorben Ion Pb2+
No full textTimbal merupakan logam berat yang umumnya banyak ditemukan pada lingkungan dan memiliki dampak negatif terhadap organisme pada tingkatan tropik. Dalam pengurangan kadar timbal, diperlukan solusi untuk mengatasi bahaya logam berat tersebut, salah satunya dengan metode adsorpsi menggunakan magnetit (Fe3O4)-kitosan. Pada penelitian ini, dilakukan sintesis magnetit (Fe3O4) termodifikasi kitosan dengan menggunakan metode kopresipitasi. Tujuan dari penelitian ini adalah untuk mengetahui karakteristik adsorben Fe3O4-kitosan dengan menggunakan Fourier Transform Infared (FT-IR), X-Ray Diffraction (XRD), Scanning Electron Microscopy (SEM) dan VSM (Vibrating Sample Magnetometer), menentukan kondisi optimum adsorpsi berdasarkan variasi waktu pH, variasi waktu kontak dan variasi konsentrasi logam Pb2+ serta menentukan persen penyerapan dan kapasitas adsorpsi. Hasil karakterisasi FT-IR Fe3O4-kitosan menunjukkan adanya gugus Fe-O dan O-H dari Fe3O4 serta munculnya senyawa -NH. Analisa XRD diperoleh pola difraksi yang menunjukkan struktur kristal yang tajam. Analisa SEM Fe3O4-kitosan diperoleh morfologi permukaan berbentuk granul. Analisa VSM menunjukkan dan Fe3O4-kitosan bersifat superparamagnetik. Kondisi optimum adsorben Fe3O4-kitosan dalam mengadsorpsi ion Pb2+ berada pada pH 6 dengan waktu kontak 10 menit dan konsentrasi optimum 150 mg/L dengan kapasitas adsorpsi sebesar 63,62 mg/g.Timbal, Adsorpsi, Magnetit (Fe3O4)-Kitosan, Adsorps