Tokyo University of Agriculture Repository / 東京農業大学リポジトリ
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First aerial observation of Sato's beaked whales (Berardius minimus) above the Abashiri Submarine Canyon, Hokkaido, Japan
Get PDFKobayashi, H., Ikuta, S., & Kobayashi, M. (2023). First aerial observation of Sato's beaked whales (Berardius minimus) above the Abashiri Submarine Canyon, Hokkaido, Japan. Marine Mammal Science, 1–8 (Early view). https://doi.org/10.1111/mms.13099
On May 8, 2023, we found three groups of whales that appeared to be Sato's beaked whales around the Abashiri Submarine Canyon, Hokkaido, Japan, and successfully captured aerial videos using UAVs. In this paper, representing the first of its kind, we describe the external morphology of these whales in images captured by UAVs.
A digest of the aerial videos captured during this survey is available on the YouTube channel of the Tokyo University of Agriculture.
https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=XNtY4p1t_5
Marine macroinvertebrate fauna of the shallow coastal waters of the Shiretoko Peninsula, a World Natural Heritage at Hokkaido, Japan
Get PDF知床半島の沿岸域の海産無脊椎動物相（299種）をはじめて報告した。本論文は、知床世界自然遺産区域における生物相変化のモニタリングにおける基準の１つとして利用される
Difference of soil seed banks of four wetland habitats in a hilly rice agro-ecosystem of Japan
Get PDF植生復元に資する知見を得るため，耕作水田，ため池，水路，放棄水田において埋土種子集団を比較した。東京都町田市の一小水域から土壌を採取し，撒き出し試験を実施した。水路における埋土種子集団が種数，個体数とも最大だった。水路の埋土種子集団には，他の地点にも頻出した水田雑草のみならず，畦畔を主な生育地とする種，隣接する斜面草地に生育する種も含まれた。複数の植物群落から土砂が流入しやすいことが，水路の埋土種子集団の種多様性が高い一因と考えられた。耕作水田の埋土種子集団における絶滅危惧種の種数と個体数は4地点中最大となった。耕作水田の埋土種子集団における水田雑草の種数の割合は4地点中最大だった
Effectiveness of sand-fixing measures for restoration of vegetation and mitigation of wind erosion and deposition in a degraded sandy rangeland, northern China
Get PDFRecycling of Nitrogen and Phosphorus from Urban Wastewater Using Calcium-Silicate-Hydrate: A Case Study in Cambodia
Get PDF本研究は，水酸化カルシウムと籾殻炭から合成したケイ酸カルシウム水和物（CSH）の有効性を評価し，窒素・リン回収材としての経済性と環境適合性を検討した。吸着実験ではNH₄⁺97％，PO₄³⁻98％を除去し，溶出および植物試験より肥料効果も確認された。CSHは排水処理と農業利用を両立する有望材料である。The main objective of this study was to evaluate calcium silicate hydrate (CSH) synthesized from calcium hydroxide (Ca(OH)₂) and rice husk charcoal and to determine whether this CSH is economically and environmentally sustainable as a promising strategy for nitrogen and phosphorus recovery.
The CSH material was prepared by combining Ca(OH)₂ and rice husk charcoal at a 1:4 ratio and mixing the mixture with 75% deionized water. After mixing, vibration was applied for 1 minute in Case 1, 2 minutes in Case 2, and 3 minutes in Case 3. The prepared CSH was then poured into molds and maintained at room temperature for three weeks before the experiments were initiated.
A two-week adsorption experiment was conducted to monitor parameters including pH, EC, Ca, K, NH₄⁺, and PO₄³⁻. The first and second elution experiments were subsequently performed using the spent CSH to evaluate the dissolution rates of NH₄⁺ and PO₄³⁻. To confirm the effectiveness of the used CSH as a fertilizer, a plant growth experiment was conducted to measure the growth rate of spinach and improvements in soil fertility.
The adsorption results indicated that CSH effectively removed nutrients from wastewater, achieving removal rates of 97% for NH₄⁺ and 98% for PO₄³⁻. The adsorption capacities were 0.065 mg NH₄⁺/g-CSH and 0.11 mg PO₄³⁻/g-CSH. Furthermore, the used CSH released 3–5 mg/kg of NH₄⁺ and 6.6–7.7 mg/kg of PO₄³⁻ in the elution experiments. The plant growth experiment also demonstrated that soil fertility increased threefold with a 5% addition of used CSH compared with the control treatment.
These results suggest that CSH synthesized from Ca(OH)₂ and rice husk charcoal could serve as a cost-effective solution for wastewater treatment and fertilizer production in agricultural applications
Validation of an App-based Food Frequency Questionnaire: Comparison With 24-hour Diet Recalls Among Women in two Rural Areas of Kenya
Get PDFケニア農村部において24時間思い出し法により実施した食事調査を基に、FFQを作成し、FFQの妥当性と再現性を検証した。スマートフォンで使用可能なアプリケーションソフトに組み込んでいる
Molecular Association Between Short Linear Maltodextrin and Ferulic Acid and the Exploration of Its Applicability
Get PDFFeeding Management and Food Preference in Japanese Giant Flying Squirrel, Petaurista leucogenys
Get PDF毎年,全国でムササビの幼獣や傷病獣が保護されている。しかしながら,これらの保護個体に対する飼育管理の基礎的知見は少ない。このため,飼育管理の状況を把握することを目的に全国の動物園施設に対しアンケート調査を行うと共に,飼料給与の基礎的な知見を得るために飼育下の個体を用いて樹葉の嗜好性を試験した。アンケートでは,対象動物をムササビと他のリス科動物とし,飼養実態,繁殖状況,疾病寄生虫について調査した。リス類は1施設の飼育頭数が多く群飼育していた。導入経路は,ムササビでは野生保護個体が半数であるのに対し,リス類は施設内での繁殖個体がほとんどであった。繁殖状況では,ムササビは13年間飼育していて1回だけ繁殖したといった例があげられた。リス類は年に1～2度出産するといった安定した成績がみられる施設が多かった。給与飼料は,ムササビでは樹葉を給与している施設が多く,他には果物,根菜,葉菜を給与し,リス類では果物類に加え動物質の飼料や種子,堅果などが給与されていた。これら飼料の栄養成分としてムササビは食物繊維含量が高く,リス類ではタンパク質,脂質含量,エネルギーが高い傾向にあった。ムササビ,リス類共に寄生虫は少なく,ムササビでは肺炎,リス類では外傷由来の死亡原因が多かった。飼育個体を対象とした樹葉の嗜好性について,厚木キャンパス内の16の樹種を用いて,カフェテリア方式で調査した。その結果,ニセアカシア,イヌシデ,コナラの順に嗜好性は高く,逆に,イチョウ,マツ,ツバキ,スギの順に嗜好性は低かった。この結果は,一般的な森林に棲息するムササビの食性調査のデータと同様の傾向と考えられた。In Japan young, juvenile and wounded adult of the Japanese giant flying squirrel Petaurista leucogenys are frequently found and brought to animal rescue facilities. Feeding techniques of these animals, however, have not been established. With the aim of establishing feeding techniques of P.l., management status of P.l. and other sciurid species (Sciurus lis, Sciurus vulgaris and Pteromys momonga and Pteromys volans) the situation in 38 zoos in Japan was investigated through questionnaire which included 1) feeding conditions, 2) breeding status, 3) hygenic status, and 4) food. Both species, S.l. and S.v. were often fed in groups. Feeding of P.l. were mainly of those rescued from harm and left in the wild, while S.l. and S.v. were mainly those fed in captivity. Two cases of breeding in were recorded in P.l. An animal bred only once during 13 years in captivity. On the other hand, S.l. and S.v. tended to breed more regularly, once or twice a year. Main feed for P.l. was tree leaves. Fruits, rootcrops and green vegetables were among major food. Major food for S.l., S.v. and P.m. and P.v. were in the order of fruits, animal origin food, seeds and nuts. Feed for P.l. contained much dietary fiber, while food for S.l. and S.v. contained more lipid and protein. Parasites were not many in any species. Mortality in P.l. mostly came from pneumonia, while major causes in other squirrels were injury-induced. In order to examine food preference of P.l., leaves of 16 tree species were given. Preference was in the order of Robunia pseudoacacia, Carpinus tschonoskii and Quercus serrata. Least preferred foods were in the order of Ginkgo biloba, Pinus densifroa, Camellia japonica. Results of food preference test coincide with food habit of P.l. in the wild.E13KJ00003960134資料Reseaech Dat
Main Physiological Functions of Dietary Fiber-Looking back at 20 years of research-
Get PDF食物繊維は,ヒトの消化酵素で分解されない食品成分の総体と定義されるが,生体に及ぼす機能については,実験的,疫学的,臨床的な面から多くの研究が行なわれ,生活習慣病予防の観点から注目を集めている。現時点では,ヒトにおける食物繊維の摂取効果は,便通改善,血清(血漿)コレステロール濃度上昇抑制,血糖上昇抑制の三つの生理機能に科学的根拠があるものとして,世界的に認められている。筆者は最近20年来,食物繊維の生理機能に関心を抱き,主として上記の三つの生理機能に関する研究および我が国の食物繊維目標摂取量についての基礎的研究を行った。今回は筆者の研究成果の紹介を中心に,食物繊維の機能を概説した。Dietary fiber is defined as all constituents of food that cannot be broken down by human digestive enzymes. There has been much experimental, epidemiological, and clinical research on the function of dietary fiber in the body, with a particular focus on the prevention of lifestyle-related disease. Today, it is generally recognized that there is scientific proof that the ingestion of dietary fiber produces three physiological functions in man : it improves bowel movements, suppresses raised serum (plasma) cholesterol levels, and suppresses raised blood sugar. The author has been interested in the physiological functions of dietary fiber for the past 20 years and has conducted research into its physiological effects as described above, as well as basic research on target dietary fiber intake in Japan. This paper provides an overview of the functions of dietary fiber, mainly through an introduction to the results of research by the author.E1KJ00004019097綜設Revie
A Study on the Confidence and Evaluation of the Quality Guarantee Label on Agricultural Products
Get PDF本研究の課題は特別栽培認証農産物に対して一定の信頼を寄せている消費者層の存在を明らかにし,あわせて,これらの消費者が認証農産物に対していくらなら負担するのかを定量的に計測することである。そこで,まず,消費者の特別栽培認証農産物に対する評価を明らかにするために都道府県へのアンケート調査を実施した。その結果,消費者は特別栽培認証農産物に対し一定の評価をしていることが明らかになった。次に,イチゴを対象とし,第3者機関による品質保証表示に対する消費者の負担金額,すなわち,支払意思額をコンジョイント分析により計測した。その結果,300円パックの場合,「国,農協グループ,市場はやや信頼できるが,小売企業はあまり信用できない」と考えている消費者層が,他の層と比べて最も高い支払意思額15.0円(対価格比5%)を,また,600円パックの場合では,15.7円(対価格比2.7%)の支払意思額を示した。したがって,このような層は,価格の差別化による認証農産物を受け入れる可能性が高いと結論づけられる。There are two purposes in this paper:first, to show the existence of consumers who give positive evaluation to certified specially grown agricultural products;second, to estimate how much those consumers are willing to pay to purchase those products. In order to investigate these two issues, we employed two methodologies. First we conducted a mail survey with prefectural offices in order to collect information about consumers' evaluation about certified specially grown agricultural products. The result shows that consumers give positive evaluation to those products. Second we estimated how much consumers are willing to pay for a package of strawberries whose quality is certified by a third-party organization, using conjoint analysis. The results show that a group of consumers who trust the government, agricultural co-operative groups and wholesalers but private retailers are willing to pay the highest 15.0 yen for a 300-yen-package. In the case of a 600-yen package, the same group was willing to pay the highest 15.7 yen for certified products. We conclude that there is a high possibility that such consumers are willing to accept certified specially grown agricultural products differentiated from other products by their prices.E4KJ00004019107論文Articl