John Paul II Catholic University of Lublin
Repozytorium Instytucjonalne KUL (Katolicki Uniwersytet Lubelski Jana Pawła II)Not a member yet
8466 research outputs found
Sort by
Christian Hope as a Path to the Great Meaning in the Light of Joseph Ratzinger’s Work
No full textKryzys antropologiczny, beznadziejność i zwątpienie w sens życia coraz bardziej niepokoją i domagają się reakcji. Ukazywanie sensu życia jest jednym z zadań teologii fundamentalnej. W artykule podjęto problem związków, jakie zachodzą między nadzieją a sensem życia, który gwarantuje satysfakcję z niego. Materiał badawczy stanowią teksty Josepha Ratzingera, jednego z najwybitniejszych teologów nadziei. Badania obejmowały kilka etapów. Najpierw wyselekcjonowano teksty Ratzingera dotyczące nadziei, sensu życia i związków między nimi, a następnie poddano je analizie z wykorzystaniem publikacji analizujących jego myśl. Przeprowadzone badania potwierdziły przypuszczenie, że nadzieja jest konieczna do określenia trwałego sensu życia. Badania doprowadziły do wniosku, że według Ratzingera chrześcijańska nadzieja jako specyficzna i wielka nadzieja prowadzi do odkrycia takiego sensu życia, który trzeba nazwać Wielkim Sensem. Znaczy on pozytywną celowość, zbawcze przeznaczenie i wielką wartość całej rzeczywistości w każdym momencie jej dziejów. W myśleniu Ratzingera droga od chrześcijańskiej nadziei do Wielkiego Sensu wiedzie przez dwa istotne „przęsła”: chrześcijański obraz Boga i chrześcijańskie, niepowtarzalne rozumienie całej rzeczywistości. Analizy doprowadziły do wniosku, że zarówno nadzieja chrześcijańska, jak i Wielki Sens są rzeczywistościami nie tylko eschatologicznymi, lecz także przed-eschatologicznymi, ponieważ zawsze towarzyszą chrześcijańskiej egzystencji.
The anthropological crisis, hopelessness, and doubt about the meaning of life are causes of growing concern and demand a decisive response. Defining the meaning of life is one of the tasks of fundamental theology. The article explores the connections between hope and the meaning of life, which is crucial for experiencing life satisfaction. The research is based on the texts of Joseph Ratzinger, who is recognised as one of the most outstanding theologians of hope. The research was carried out in several stages. First, Ratzinger’s texts on hope, the meaning of life, and the connections between them were selected, and subsequently analysed with reference to publications dedicated to his thought. The research confirmed the assumption that hope is necessary to define a lasting meaning of life. It was concluded that, according to Ratzinger, Christian hope as a specific and great hope leads to the discovery of a meaning of life that should be called the Great Meaning. It means positive purposefulness, saving purpose, and great value of reality as a wholeat every moment of its history. In Ratzinger’s thought, the path from Christian hope to the Great Meaning leads through two important “spans”: the Christian image of God and the Christian, unique understanding of reality as a whole. The analysis led to the conclusion that both Christian hope and the Great Meaning are not only eschatological, but also pre-eschatological realities, because they always accompany Christian existence
«Люблинский католический университет дал мне достоинство». Воспоминания священника Яна Курка, студента Факультета канонического права Люблинского католического университета в 1959–1962 годах
No full textJest to druga część rozmowy z ks. Janem Kurkiem, w której opowiada on o czasach swoich studiów kanonicznych na Katolickim Uniwersytecie Lubelskim. Pierwsza część wywiadu pt. „Bardzo poważnie traktowaliśmy studia”. Wspomnienia ks. Jana Kurka, studenta Wydziału Prawa Kanonicznego KUL w latach 1959–1962 została opublikowana w "Studiach Prawniczych KUL" 2025, nr 2, s. 241–250
Aleksandra Witkowska OSU (1930–2024)
No full textProf. Aleksandra Witkowska OSU (1930–2024) was a distinguished medievalist associated for nearly seven decades with the Catholic University of Lublin. Her research focused on hagiography, the cult of saints, and sacred geography, earning her wide recognition and a significant scholarly legacy. The text was written in memory of this eminent scholar
Cyril of Alexandria, Hypatia, the Empire: Rationality and Power Strategies in Late Antique Violence
No full textI primi tre anni dell’episcopato di Cirillo di Alessandria (412-415) sono tornati ad accendere l’interesse del mondo accademico soprattutto negli ultimi due decenni, anche per la straordinaria rilevanza che la figura della filosofa neoplatonica Ipazia ha assunto nell’immaginario culturale occidentale. Numerosi studiosi dell’Antichità cristiana – Luciano Canfora e Silvia Ronchey in primis – hanno sostenuto che la tragica fine di Ipazia fu dovuta ad un atto sostanzialmente impulsivo di Cirillo, colpito dal cosiddetto φθόνος (l’«invidia» nella sua forma più irrazionale e ferina, di cui si è creduto di trovare allusioni perfino nel coevo poeta Nonno di Panopoli). La mia indagine si propone di inscrivere questa teoria in un quadro assai più ampio: alla luce delle rare ma preziose cronache riguardanti la prima metà del V secolo (Socrate Scolastico, Damascio, Giovanni Malala, Giovanni di Nikiû), si compareranno le strategie implementate dal vescovo e dalla reggente Pulcheria di Costantinopoli, riconducendo quindi gli avvenimenti di Alessandria ad una linea politica organica le cui radici sono da ricercarsi in una convergenza di intenti – divenuta poi palese durante il concilio di Efeso – fra l’impero e la più importante sede ecclesiastica orientale.
The first three years of Cyril of Alexandria’s episcopate (412‐415) have returned to ignite the interest of the academic world especially in the last two decades, partly due to the extraordinary relevance that the figure of the Neoplatonic philosopher Hypatia has assumed in the Western cultural imaginary. My investigation aims to inscribe this theory in a much broader framework: in the light of the rare but valuable chronicles covering the first half of the 5th century (Socrates Scholasticus, Damascius, John Malalas, John of Nikiû), the strategies implemented by the bishop and the regent Pulcheria of Constantinople will be compared, thus tracing the events in Alexandria back in greater detail to an organic political line whose roots can be found in a convergence of intentions between the Empire and the most important eastern ecclesiastical See, which later became obvious during the Council of Ephesus.The first three years of Cyril of Alexandria’s episcopate (412‐415) have returned to ignite the interest of the academic world especially in the last two decades, partly due to the extraordinary relevance that the figure of the Neoplatonic philosopher Hypatia has assumed in the Western cultural imaginary. My investigation aims to inscribe this theory in a much broader framework: in the light of the rare but valuable chronicles covering the first half of the 5th century (Socrates Scholasticus, Damascius, John Malalas, John of Nikiû), the strategies implemented by the bishop and the regent Pulcheria of Constantinople will be compared, thus tracing the events in Alexandria back in greater detail to an organic political line whose roots can be found in a convergence of intentions between the Empire and the most important eastern ecclesiastical See, which later became obvious during the Council of Ephesus
The Church as a Sacrament of Hope in Times of Devaluation of Words
No full textCelem artykułu jest ukazanie Kościoła jako sakramentu nadziei w kontekście kulturowego zjawiska zwanego globalną logoreą. Oznacza ona niekontrolowany strumień ambiwalentnych słów, często semantycznie zdewaluowanych, które są czynnikami alienacji współczesnego człowieka. Logorea rodzi niebezpieczeństwo egzystencjalnej rozpaczy i domaga się adekwatnej odpowiedzi ze strony teologii. Z tej racji eklezjologia kontekstualna podejmuje próbę wiarygodnego ukazania Wcielonego Słowa Bożego jako transcendentnego źródła Wielkiej Nadziei. Kościół jako sakrament zmartwychwstałego Chrystusa, obecnego w historii świata, nieuchronnie zderza się z naporem nowych ideologicznych propozycji o charakterze utopijnym. Są one efektem dynamicznej logorei, która – mimo upadku dawnych, względnie spójnych utopii społecznych – wciąż produkuje utopijne synkretyzmy na zasadzie arbitralnego łączenia słów wyrwanych ze swoich pierwotnych kontekstów. Wobec tego zjawiska ważnym zadaniem eklezjologii jest zarówno krytyka pojawiających się utopii, jak i racjonalne uzasadnienie tezy, że chrześcijaństwo ze swej istoty nie jest utopią. W artykule zastosowano teologiczną metodę korelacji, charakterystyczną dla eklezjologii kontekstualnej i pretekstowej. Tekst składa się z pięciu części. W pierwszej scharakteryzowano zjawisko logorei. W drugiej zaproponowano typologię słowa ludzkiego. W trzeciej omówiono znaczenie eklezjalnego uobecnienia Wcielonego Logosu w obliczu egzystencjalnej rozpaczy. Czwarta część poświęcona jest analizie przyczyn uwodzicielskiej siły utopii. W piątej ukazano wyzwalającą moc Chrystusa jako Wielkiej Nadziei oraz uzasadniono antyutopijny charakter chrześcijaństwa.
The aim of this article is to present the Church as a sacrament of hope in the context of the cultural phenomenon known as global logorrhea. This term denotes an uncontrolled stream of ambivalent words, often semantically devalued, which contribute to the alienation of contemporary humanity. Logorrhea gives rise to the danger of existential despair and calls for an adequate theological response. For this reason, contextual ecclesiology seeks to portray credibly the Incarnate Word of God as the transcendent source of the Great Hope. The Church, as the sacrament of the risen Christ present in the history of the world, inevitably clashes with the onslaught of new ideological proposals of a utopian nature. These emerge as the effect of dynamic logorrhea which, following the collapse of former relatively coherent social utopias, continues to generate utopian syncretisms based on an arbitrary combination of words and ideas torn from their original contexts. In the face of this phenomenon, an important task of ecclesiology is both the critique of emerging utopias and the rational justification of the thesis that Christianity, in its very essence, is not a utopia. The article employs the theological method of correlation, appropriate to contextual and pretextual ecclesiology, and is divided into five parts. The first characterizes the phenomenon of logorrhea. The second develops a typology of the human word. The third discusses the significance of the ecclesial making-present of the Incarnate Logos in the face of existential despair. The fourth reveals the reasons for the seductive power of utopia. The fifth demonstrates the liberating power of Christ as the Great Hope and explains why Christianity is not a utopia
Understanding Secondary School Students’ Motivation to Learn Spanish
No full textTaking into consideration the crucial role of motivation in learning foreign languages, the author of this text, who is also a high school Spanish teacher, decided to conduct a study whose aim was to discover which factors motivate high school students to learn this language and how students’ motivation changes depending on the time they have been learning the language.
The study involved two groups of high school students whose third language was Spanish (after Polish and English). The first group included first-year students aged approximately 15-16, and the second group included third-year students aged approximately 17-18. A total of 30 people took part in the study (15 in the first group and 15 in the second group). The research tool used in the study was a survey including several parts, which was inspired by the survey created by Zoltán Dörnyei and Ema Ushioda in 2021, included in the book Teaching and Researching motivation. The students were asked to respond to sixteen statements based on a Likert scale, where each number from 1 to 5 represented a different level of agreement.
Having analysed the survey results, one could come to the conclusion that first-year students are much more motivated to learn Spanish than third-year students. The results from this part were as follows: Year I – 45.55% of students motivated; Year III – 31.68% of students motivated. Therefore, it is necessary to eliminate demotivating factors and support situations that motivate students in order to teach Spanish to high school students as effectively as possible
„A mad step into the Unknown”: Krzysztof Kuczkowski’s Path towards a New (Religious) Poetry
No full textAutor artykułu podejmuje próbę przyjrzenia się meandrom refleksji metapoetyckiej Krzysztofa Kuczkowskiego, jednego z najważniejszych współczesnych poetów religijnych, założyciela i długoletniego redaktora naczelnego dwumiesięcznika literackiego „Topos”. W licznych tekstach krytycznoliterackich (recenzjach, esejach, wystąpieniach programowych) Kuczkowski nie tylko reaguje na najważniejsze zjawiska w obrębie polskiej poezji metafizycznej czy otwarcie konfesyjnej, lecz także – przechodząc przez kolejne stadia twórczej świadomości – buduje zręby własnej poetyki. Rezultatem tego procesu jest sformułowana przez niego oryginalna teoria wiersza, odzwierciedlająca doświadczenia kolejnych etapów duchowego i artystycznego rozwoju tego pisarza.
The author of the article attempts to examine the meanders of meta-poetic reflection developed by Krzysztof Kuczkowski, one of the most important contemporary religious poets, as well as the founder and long-standing editor-in-chief of the bimonthly literary magazine Topos. In his numerous critical and literary texts (reviews, essays, theoretical articles), not only does Kuczkowski react to the most important phenomena within Polish metaphysical or openly confessional poetry, but also—passing through successive stages of creative consciousness—builds the framework of his own poetics. The result of this process is an original theory of the poem formulated by Kuczkowski, reflecting the experiences of the consecutive phases of the writer’s spiritual and artistic development
Palimpsest and Biblical Prosody in Saint Exupéry
No full textMystique sans la foi, Antoine de Saint Exupéry imprègne pourtant son écriture d’une ferveur religieuse en ayant recours au texte sacré, comme il le confie luimême en novembre 1943 à sa chère Nelly de Vogüé : « Une fois encore, je n’ai pas d’autre vocabulaire, que religieux, pour m’exprimer. » Si les empreintes de l’Ancien et du Nouveau Testament affectent à l’évidence, sur les plans thématiques et esthétiques, la prose exupérienne, il semble que le climat religieux dans lequel baigne chacun des récits soit renforcé par une stylistique résolument biblique, corroborant de ce fait les prédispositions religieuses du prophète ou de l’évangéliste. Cet article examine les incidences de la Bible sur le texte exupérien et plus précisément les conventions prosodiques de la parabole et du psaume qui régissent certains traits de la poétique d’Antoine de Saint Exupéry.
A mystic without faith, Antoine de Saint Exupéry nonetheless imbued his writing with a religious fervor by resorting to the sacred text, as he himself confided in November 1943 to his beloved Nelly de Vogüé: “Once again, I have no vocabulary other than religious to express myself.” While the thematic and aesthetic imprints of the Old and New Testaments clearly affect Saint Exupéry’s prose, it seems that the religious climate in which each of the stories is bathed is reinforced by a resolutely biblical style, thus corroborating the religious predispositions of the prophet- or evangelist-like writer. This article examines the impact of the Bible on Saint Exupéry’s text, and more specifically the prosodic conventions of the parable and the psalm that govern certain features of Antoine de Saint Exupéry’s poetics
Artificial Intelligence Governance Beyond Borders: The EU AI Act’s Influence on Third Party Legal Frameworks and Regional Organizations
No full textThis research examines the perspective and influence of the European Union’s Artificial Intelligence Act (EU AI Act) on AI regulation in third countries and regional organizations. Using a doctrinal legal method with statutory and comparative law approaches, the study finds that the EU AI Act is a binding regulation applicable to all EU Member States. It aims to improve the internal market by introducing horizontal regulations focused on human rights protection. The Act defines AI broadly as a family of technologies affecting all aspects of life and classifies AI systems by risk level to determine development and market standards. This framework influences third-country regulations through the Brussels Effect. De facto, global companies, including from the U.S. and China, comply with the EU AI Act to access its market. De jure, some countries adopt its provisions into their own legal frameworks. The EU AI Act also impacts regional organizations such as ASEAN, which incorporates elements of the Act into cooperative policy documents, reflecting a shared political commitment to responsible AI governance
Register of Extraordinary Events as a New Form of Safeguarding the Rights of Older Adults Residing in Residential Care Homes
No full textWystępowanie zdarzeń nadzwyczajnych i/lub niepożądanych w domach pomocy społecznej stanowiło główną przesłankę skłaniającą ustawodawcę do wprowadzenia obligatoryjności prowadzenia rejestru takich zdarzeń. Miała to być nie tylko forma działań nadzorczych, ale też dodatkowa forma zabezpieczenia mieszkańców (w tym osób starszych) domów pomocy społecznej. Celem artykułu jest weryfikacja efektów działania wprowadzonego narzędzia po roku funkcjonowania, a także odpowiedź na pytanie, jakie są efekty działania rejestru zdarzeń nadzwyczajnych na przykładzie rejestrów z województwa podlaskiego i zachodniopomorskiego. Artykuł został opracowany w oparciu o analizę danych zastanych oraz analizę aktów prawnych. Analiza zdarzeń zgłaszanych w rejestrach wykazała, że wypadki stanowiły najliczniejszą kategorię zdarzeń nadzwyczajnych raportowanych przez domy pomocy społecznej. Spośród nich najczęściej zgłaszane były upadki mieszkańców. Większość upadków miała miejsce w ciągach komunikacyjnych, łazienkach oraz pokojach. Przeprowadzone analizy wykazały, że obowiązek raportowania zdarzeń nadzwyczajnych, w swojej obecnej formie, realizuje przede wszystkim funkcje sprawozdawcze i kontrolne. Zauważalna jest jednak potrzeba doprecyzowania zapisów ustawowych – zarówno w zakresie tego, jakie zdarzenia powinny podlegać obowiązkowi zgłoszenia, jak i w odniesieniu do typów oraz zakresu działań następczych.
The occurrence of extraordinary and/or adverse events in residential care homes was the primary rationale behind the legislator’s decision to introduce the mandatory maintenance of a register of such events. This was intended not only as a supervisory measure but also as an additional safeguard for residents (including older people) of care homes. The aim of this article was to assess the outcomes of the implemented instrument after its first year of operation and to answer the question: what are the effects of maintaining the register of extraordinary events, based on the registers from the Podlaskie and West Pomeranian regions? The article is based on an analysis of existing data and legal acts. The analysis of the events recorded in the registers showed that accidents constituted the most frequent category of extraordinary events reported by residential care homes. Among these, residents’ falls were reported most often. An examination of event descriptions indicated that most falls occurred in corridors, bathrooms, and residents’ rooms. The conducted analyses demonstrated that, in its current form, the obligation to report extraordinary events primarily serves reporting and supervisory functions. However, there is a noticeable need to refine the statutory provisions – both in terms of which events should be subject to mandatory reporting and with regard to the types and scope of follow-up actions