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Ascorbic Acid Metabolisms: A review
Full text linkAscorbic acid (vitamin C) is a water-soluble, hexonic sugar, with a molecular weight of 176. It is known to play vital roles in numerous functions of the body, especially in hydroxylation reactions. Its requirement by animals may be increased when challenged in the form of immune and metabolic stress. The main objective of this brief review is to outline the catabolic and anabolic pathways of ascorbic acid as well as its metabolic functions
Synthesis, characterization and biological evaluation of sulfonamide based transition metal complexes
Full text linkIn the present study a noval 4-oxo-4-(4-sulfamoylphenylamino)but-2-enoic acid (OSPAB) was prepared by reaction of maleic anhydride with sulphanilamide. The prepared ligand was characterized by elemental analysis and spectral studies. The transition metal complexes viz. Cu2+, Ni2+ , Co2+ , Mn2+ and Zn2+  of OSPAB were prepared and characterized by metal-ligand (M:L) ratio, IR, reflectance spectroscopies and magnetic properties. All the prepared metal complexes and ligand were studies as antimicrobial agent. Among all the metal complexes, Zn2+ and Cu2+ metal complexes have shown significant activity. Â
REVIEW ON ANTIMICROBIAL POTENTIALS OF QUINOLONE DERIVATIVES
Full text linkThe quinolones are a class of bicyclic molecules, organic chemical structures that are related to the heteroaromatic coal tar isolate quinoline. Quinolone antibacterials are widely used. Specific quinoline molecules substituted with an hydroxyl functional group at carbons 2 and 4 are most often observed in isomeric forms termed 2- and 4-quinolones, respectively. The relative importance of 4-quinolones has increased with the discovery that such structures that also bear a carboxylic acid (-COOH) and other functional groups at particular sites on the ring have very potent bacteriocidal activities, inhibiting of a broad spectrum of Gram negative and Gram positive DNA gyrase and topoisomerase enzymes. Hence, they are very useful in antibacterial therapy
Effect of Sodium Lauryl Sulfate (SLS) on the External Adnexia of the Rabbit Eye
Full text linkSLS is an anionic surfactant used in the production of personal hygiene products such as tooth pastes, soaps, shampoos, shaving foam and other consumable related products. This study evaluated the effect of SLS on the tissues of the external adnexia of rabbit eye Varying doses of SLS (5mg/ml and 10mg/ml) was instilled on the eyes of New Zealand rabbits and the ocular status was observed for five days using a 20X magnification lens. It was observed that SLS was toxic to the external adnexia of the eye and caused some morphological changes. There was swelling of the eyelid, hyperemia in conjunctiva, tearing, discharge, photophobia and edema which were visible from up to day five with optimal changes on day three. The effect was dose dependent and more significant in animals instilled with 10mg/ml of SLS solution. The results suggest that SLS was toxic to the rabbit eye and increased dose could increase toxic effect on the eye. This study has exposed the effect of SLS to the eye and recommends minimal concentration in cosmetics and household hygienic detergents that can get direct contact with the eye
The effect of erythropoietin on albumins levels during hypoxia reoxygenation injury in rats
Full text linkThe aim of this experimental study was to examine the effect of erythropoietin on rat model and particularly in an hypoxia reoxygenation (HR) protocol. The effect of that molecule was studied biochemically using blood mean albumins levels.Materials and methods: 40 rats of mean weight 247.7 g were used in the study. Albumins levels were measured at 60 min (groups A and C) and at 120 min (groups B and D) of reoxygenation. Erythropoietin was administered only in groups C and D.Results were that Epo administration significantly decreased the albumins levels by 9.28%+3.20% (p=0.0054). Reperfusion time non-significantly increased the albumins levels by 3.09%+3.52%Â (p= 0.3405). However, erythropoietin administration and reperfusion time together produced a significant combined effect in keeping decreased the albumins levels by 5.37%+2.73% (p= 0.0072).Conclusions are that erythropoietin administration whether it interacted or not with reoxygenation time, has significant decreasing effects on albumins levels in a short-term context of 2 hours
The anti-depressant and anxiolytic properties of the lyophilized aqueous leaf extract of Mimosa pudica L. (Fabaceae)
Full text linkIntroduction: This study seeks to determine the antidepressant and anxiolytic properties of the lyophilized aqueous leaf extract of Mimosa pudica (LAL-MP) in mice. Methods: LAL-MP was administered orally to mice at 50 – 500 mg/kg, daily for 14 days, after which mice were individually subjected to the forced swimming (FST) and tail suspension (TST) tests, the elevated plus maze (EPM) model and locomotor activity count. Results: Generally, LAL-MP from 100 to 500 mg/kg exhibit antidepressant and anxiolytic properties in all 4 models of depression and dose levels at 400 and 500 mg/kg were found to be equipotent with the standard drug fluoxetine. Conclusions: This is the first report on the combined antidepressant and anxiolytic properties of LAL-MP
Attitude towards the use of herbal medicine among traders: A moderating effect of gender and socio-economic status
Full text linkThis study examined the Attitude towards the use of herbal medicine among traders: a moderating effect of gender and socio-economic status. A total of 180 participants were used for the study. They comprised 90 males and 90 females. Their ages ranged from 30-70 years with the mean age of 50 and a standard deviation (SD) of 11.9. They were selected through stratified random sampling techniques from Eke Awka, central market in Awka , Anambra state. The result of the study showed that there was no significant difference on attitude of traders towards the use of herbal medicine across gender. The result also showed that there was no significant difference on attitude of traders towards the use of herbal medicine across the three levels of socio-economic statues. The result finally showed that there was no significant interactive effect of gender and socio-economic statues on attitude of traders towards the use of herbal medicine across gender.Based on the above findings, this study recommends that the federal government through the ministry of establishment should encourage the administration and the use of herbal medicine in Nigeria as alternative to orthodox medicine
Utilization from leaves of olive and pomegranate as a source of bioactive components
Full text linkCrude juices of olive and pomegranate leaves were obtained by hydraulic press. The level of polyphenolic compounds in the (olive and pomegranate) juice were510.00 and 722.00ppm. Aliquots of the concentrated olive and pomegranate juice leaves, represent 200, 400, 800 and 1600ppm and butylated hydroxy toluene (BHT, 200ppm) were investigated by Rancimat method at 100ºC and 1, 1-diphenyl-2-picrylhydrazyl (DPPH) free radical scavenging method. These compounds were administrated to rats daily for 6 weeks by stomach tube. The liver (Aspartate aminotransferase, alanine aminotransferase and alkaline phosphatase activities) and kidney (bilirubin, uric acid and creatinine) function tests and serum contents (total lipids, total cholesterol and low and high-density lipoproteins) were measured to assess the safety limits of the phenolic compounds in the olive and pomegranate juice leaves. The data of the aforementioned measurements indicates that the administration of olive and pomegranate juice leaves did not cause any changes in liver and kidney functions. On the contrary, BHT at 200ppm induced significant increases in the enzyme activities and the serum levels of total lipids, uric acid and creatinine
The Landau Kleffner Syndrome
Full text linkThe Landau Kleffner  syndrome (LKS) or the syndrome of acquired epileptic aphasia was first described in 1957. LKS also called infantile acquired aphasia, acquired epileptic aphasia or aphasia with convulsive disorder. It is a rare childhood neurological syndrome. LKS is an epilepsy syndrome involving progressive neuropsychological impairment related to the appearance of paroxysmal electroencephalograph (EEG) activity. The disorder is characterized by gradual or rapid loss of language in a previously normal child. Affected children who have developed age-appropriate speech then experience language regression with verbal auditory agnosia, abnormal epileptiform activity, behavioural disturbances, and sometimes overt seizures. Behavioral disorders such as hyperactivity, aggressiveness and depression can also accompany this disorder
Physicochemical Quality of Treated and Untreated Borehole Water in Kolokuma/Opokuma LGA, Bayelsa State, Nigeria
Full text linkThe suitability of water for human consumption is based on but not limited to its general physiochemical parameters. This study assessed the physicochemical quality of borehole (i.e. groundwater), in Kolokuma/Opokuma LGA (KOLGA), Bayelsa state, Nigeria. Treated borehole water samples, as well as their respective untreated counterpart were randomly collected from domestic boreholes in KOLGA. The samples were similarly analyzed for some physicochemical parameters using standard analytical methods. Results showed that there was significant difference (P < 0.05), between treated and untreated water as well as amongst all monitored parameters. Generally lead, copper and mercury were not detected in any of the samples, while traced level of zinc, cadmium and chromium were only detected in some untreated samples. Â Notwithstanding, after treatment arsenic and iron levels decreased from 0.011 - 0.135 in untreated water to 0.00 - 0.033 mg/l in treated water and 3.063 - 4.753 to 0.00 - 0.016 mg/l respectively (P < 0.05). Similarly, pH increased from 4.313 - 5.786 in the untreated water to 6.180 - 6.636 in the treated water (P < 0.05). Based our findings we recommended that potable borehole water in KOLGA should be subjected to routine toxicity assessment prior to their consumption