Jurnal Online Universitas Pekalongan
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Cooperatives As Pillars Of A People-Centered Economy: A Constitutional Law Analysis Of Cooperative Regulation In Indonesia
No full textCooperatives in Indonesia hold a unique constitutional status, enshrined in Article 33 of the 1945 Constitution, as instruments to achieve economic democracy and collective welfare. However, the practical realization of these ideals remains hindered by outdated regulatory frameworks, particularly Law No. 25 of 1992, which fails to reflect the dynamics of digital transformation,inclusive development, and modern governance. This study adopts a normative juridical method to examine the alignment of cooperative law with constitutional principles, focusing on the philosophical foundations, doctrinal interpretations, and historical evolution of cooperative governance. Through analysis of primary legal sources, academic literature, and recent policyinitiatives such as the Koperasi Merah Putih movementthis research reveals significant normative gaps, legal fragmentation, and institutional constraints within the current regulatory regime. The study argues for a fundamental legal reconstruction that positions cooperatives not as peripheral economic actors but as constitutional agents of equitable and sustainable development. It proposes key legal reforms including the recognition of digital cooperatives, enhanced accountability mechanisms, and integration with national development platforms. The findings emphasize the urgent need for a responsive, inclusive, and constitutionally grounded legal framework to revitalize the cooperative sector in post-pandemic and digitalIndonesia
Analisis Bibliometrik Penelitian Teknik Mutasi Tanaman Berbasis Scopus Selama Lima Dekade : Bibliometric Analysis of Scopus-DataBase: Plant Mutation Techniques Over Five Decades
No full textTeknik mutasi telah banyak mengalami perkembangan sejak ditemukan pada awal abad ke 20. Teknik mutasi kemudian digabungkan dengan berbagai metode oleh pemulia untuk meningkatkan keragaman genetik tanaman dan pengembangan varietas unggul baru kearah pemuliaan presisi. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk menganalisis teknik mutasi tanaman berbasis scopus selama lima dekade dengan analisis bibliometrik dan diulas secara substansial. Kajian dilakukan berdasarkan tiga tahap yaitu pencarian literatur di database Scopus dengan rentang data selama lima dekade sejak 1975 sampai 2025, analisis bibliometrik menggunakan VOSviewer untuk mendapatkan overlay visualization, network visualization, dan density visualization, serta analisis substansial. Hasil kajian menunjukkan bahwa penelitian terkait teknik mutasi tanaman berbasis scopus selama lima dekade mengalami peningkatan publikasi sejak dekade ke 3. Mutagen yang digunakan adalah mutagen kimia dan fisika pada tanaman pangan, buah, dan sayur. Telah menghasilkan berbagai tanaman hasil mutasi dengan perbaikan pada karakter hasil dan ketahanannya terhadap cekaman biotik dan abiotik, menggunakan teknik mutasi yang digabungkan dengan metode pemuliaan modern.
Kata kunci: Teknik Mutasi, Mutagenesis, Mutagen, Iradiasi Gamma
A Pedagogical Framework for Developing Elementary School Students’ Spatial Thinking Through Geometric Transformations
No full textSpatial thinking is a fundamental cognitive ability that plays a crucial role in understanding and reasoning about geometric concepts, particularly geometric transformations. This study aimed to examine the effectiveness of a pedagogical framework designed to develop elementary school students’ spatial thinking through geometry transformation learning. A quasi-experimental method with a one-group pretest–posttest design was employed involving 28 upper-grade elementary school students. The pedagogical framework integrated contextual problems, visual and concrete exploration, guided spatial reasoning, representational transformation, and reflection within learning activities on translation, reflection, rotation, and dilation. Students’ spatial thinking abilities were assessed across four aspects: spatial visualization, mental rotation, spatial orientation, and geometric transformation reasoning. Data were analyzed using descriptive statistics and a paired-samples t-test. The results indicated a significant improvement in students’ spatial thinking abilities, with a notable increase in mean posttest scores compared to pretest scores. The paired-samples t-test revealed a statistically significant difference (p < 0.001), accompanied by a very large effect size (Cohen’s d = −34.6), indicating strong practical effectiveness. These findings demonstrate that the proposed pedagogical framework is highly effective in enhancing elementary school students’ spatial thinking and offers a meaningful instructional approach for geometry learning at the primary education level
Developing Critical Thinking Using the Geogebra Integrated Deep Learning Approach on Quadratic Equations Material for Elementary School Students
No full textCritical mathematical thinking is a higher-order cognitive ability that plays a crucial role in understanding abstract algebraic concepts, particularly quadratic equations, at the elementary school level. This study aimed to examine the effectiveness of a GeoGebra-integrated deep learning approach in improving fifth-grade students’ critical mathematical thinking skills on quadratic equations material. A quantitative pre-experimental method with a one-group pretest–posttest design was employed involving 30 elementary school students. The learning activities emphasized problem orientation, dynamic visualization of quadratic graphs, exploration of coefficient–graph relationships, analytical reasoning, reflective discussion, and generalization through GeoGebra-assisted exploration. Students’ critical mathematical thinking skills were assessed across five indicators: identifying problems, analyzing conceptual relationships, formulating solution strategies, evaluating solutions, and drawing conclusions based on digital exploration. Data were analyzed using descriptive statistics and a paired-samples t-test. The results indicated a substantial improvement in students’ critical thinking skills, as reflected by higher mean posttest scores compared to pretest scores. The paired-samples t-test revealed a statistically significant difference (p < 0.001), accompanied by a very large effect size (Cohen’s d in the very large category), indicating strong practical effectiveness. These findings suggest that the GeoGebra-integrated deep learning approach is highly effective in fostering students’ critical mathematical thinking and provides a meaningful instructional strategy for learning quadratic equations in elementary education
Pengembangan Instrumen Tes Pemikiran Statistik Siswa Yang Berorientasi Pada Kerangka Penilaian PISA
No full textThis study aims to produce a statistical thinking test instrument that is valid, reliable, and feasible to use for SMK Permata 1 & 2 Bogor students. The instrument was developed through the ADDIE model involving the stages of analysis, design, development, implementation, and evaluation. This instrument is declared valid, reliable, and has adequate variations in difficulty levels and discrimination power. All test items are proven valid, with the r count value greater than r_table indicating that this instrument is able to measure what should be measured. The reliability of the instrument is also high in the first school with a coefficient of 0.774 and the second school with a coefficient value of 0.753, the average of both schools with a coefficient of 0.762, indicating measurement consistency. The level of difficulty in both schools shows that the questions vary, with most questions classified as difficult and one question classified as easy. The discrimination power of the questions in both schools is positive, indicating that each question is able to distinguish students\u27 abilities well. Overall, this instrument is effective and feasible to use to measure students\u27 statistical thinking abilities
Implementasi Model Problem Based Learning (PBL) Untuk Meningkatkan Pemahaman Konsep Matematis
No full textUnderstanding mathematical concepts is an important foundation for students in learning further material. However, many students still have difficulty with the concept of integers.This study aims to improve students\u27 mathematical conceptual understanding of integers through the application of the Problem-Based Learning (PBL) model. The research was conducted at MTs Nurul Huda Depok with 27 seventh-grade students as participants. The method employed was Classroom Action Research (CAR), which consisted of two cycles, each comprising three meetings. The research instruments included a conceptual understanding test, observation sheets for teacher and student activities, interviews, and field notes. The results showed an improvement in students\u27 mathematical conceptual understanding after the implementation of the PBL model. Initially, the average student score was 61%, indicating a low level of mastery. After the first cycle, the average score increased, although it had not yet met the success indicator. In the second cycle, however, the average score rose significantly, achieving over 80% classical mastery in line with the established success criteria. Thus, it can be concluded that the implementation of the Problem-Based Learning (PBL) model is effective in enhancing students\u27 mathematical conceptual understanding of integers in the seventh grade at MTs Nurul Huda Depok
Keywords: Classroom action research, conceptual understanding, problem based learnin
Positive Law and Sharia Review of Waqf Deposit Products with a Content Analysis Approach
Get PDFWaqf Deposits are a form of investment where funds are set aside for waqf purposes and are managed by Sharia Financial Institutions. The profits can be used for social or educational activities. This research uses a qualitative method of literature study/library search which tries to compare several existing regulations, then tries to conclude whether there is a need for new regulatory provisions related to waqf deposits, especially integration between waqf deposit management and the latest regulations, Indonesia Financial Services Authority (OJK) involvement in supervising waqf deposits, protection Customer Law in Waqf Deposit Products. This research provides an in-depth study of aspects of legal protection for customers who own funds in waqf deposit products, considering that there is still limited literature that examines this topic comprehensively. This research not only refers to existing laws, but also integrates the latest regulatory developments related to sharia fintech and the management of waqf funds in the form of deposits. This research also makes a significant contribution in understanding and developing waqf deposit products that comply with sharia law and regulations applicable in Indonesia
Implementation of the Governor\u27s Functions and Authorities in the Implementation of Government
Get PDFThis study uses a normative legal research method with legislative, conceptual, and historical approaches through library research, as well as qualitative analysis of primary, secondary, and tertiary legal materials. The research results indicate that the Governor\u27s functions and authority as the head of the region and representative of the central government at the provincial level reflect a strategic role in managing government, administering regional affairs based on the principle of autonomy, and overseeing national policies in the region. The Governor must align national policies with local needs, ensure the effectiveness of development programs, and bridge conflicts between regions. However, challenges such as imbalance in roles, complexity in intergovernmental relationships, and limitations in institutional and regulatory frameworks require strengthening institutional capacity and regulatory harmonization. In building synergy between the central and regional governments, the Governor plays an important role in facilitating cross-regional coordination, resolving conflicts of interest between regions, and maintaining alignment between central and regional development planning, so the success of decentralization and regional autonomy heavily depends on the Governor\u27s ability to build effective communication and collaboration across different levels of governmen
A Dynamics and Inconsistency of Justice Collaborators in Corruption Cases in Indonesia
No full textThis study aims to analyze the dynamics and inconsistency of the treatment of Justice Collaborators (JCs) in corruption cases in Indonesia. Justice Collaborators play a crucial role in uncovering corruption cases; however, the regulations governing their protection and rewards remain unclear, creating legal uncertainty. Against this background, the study focuses on the legal issues related to the protection and rewards for JCs, as well as the challenges encountered in their application, particularly in organized corruption cases. This research employs a normative legal approach, examining existing laws, regulations, and relevant literature to analyze the inconsistencies and disparities in the treatment of JCs. The findings indicate that the lack of clarity regarding the definition of "main perpetrators" and the absence of harmonization between legal frameworks hinder the effective protection of JCs. Furthermore, the inconsistency in judicial decisions leads to uncertainty about the rights and rewards for those cooperating with law enforcement. The study suggests the need for clearer regulations and greater harmonization among law enforcement agencies to ensure optimal protection for JCs in uncovering corruption cases.Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk menganalisis dinamika dan inkonsistensi dalam perlakuan terhadap Justice Collaborators (JC) dalam perkara korupsi di Indonesia. Justice Collaborators memainkan peran penting dalam mengungkap kasus-kasus korupsi; namun, ketentuan yang mengatur perlindungan dan penghargaan bagi mereka masih belum jelas, sehingga menimbulkan ketidakpastian hukum. Berdasarkan latar belakang tersebut, kajian ini difokuskan pada permasalahan hukum terkait perlindungan dan pemberian penghargaan bagi JC, serta tantangan yang dihadapi dalam penerapannya, khususnya dalam kasus korupsi yang terorganisir. Penelitian ini menggunakan pendekatan hukum normatif dengan menelaah peraturan perundang-undangan yang berlaku serta literatur terkait untuk menganalisis inkonsistensi dan ketimpangan dalam perlakuan terhadap JC. Temuan penelitian menunjukkan bahwa ketidakjelasan mengenai definisi “pelaku utama” serta tidak adanya harmonisasi antara kerangka hukum yang berlaku menjadi hambatan dalam memberikan perlindungan yang efektif bagi JC. Selain itu, inkonsistensi dalam putusan pengadilan turut menimbulkan ketidakpastian terhadap hak dan penghargaan bagi mereka yang bekerja sama dengan aparat penegak hukum. Penelitian ini menyarankan perlunya regulasi yang lebih jelas dan harmonisasi yang lebih kuat antar lembaga penegak hukum untuk menjamin perlindungan yang optimal bagi JC dalam upaya pengungkapan tindak pidana korupsi
The Ambiguity of The President\u27s Position As Head of State And Head of Government
No full textThis study examines the ambiguity surrounding the position of the President of Indonesia as both Head of State and Head of Government within the prevailing constitutional system. Although Indonesia has adopted a presidential system based on the 1945 Constitution, political and constitutional realities reveal an overlap between these two roles. Since Indonesia\u27s independence, the country\u27s constitutional system has undergone significant changes, influenced by the historical legacy of the parliamentary system and constitutional amendments aimed at reinforcing the presidential system. However, ambiguity persists because several provisions in the 1945 Constitution still leave room for different interpretations regarding the President\u27s position and authority. This research identifies various factors contributing to this ambiguity, including the impact of patronage politics, unclear relationships between the executive and legislative branches, and the President\u27s political dependence on parliamentary coalitions. Furthermore, the study highlights the need for constitutional reform, which includes clarifying ambiguous provisions, improving the party system, and strengthening the checks and balances mechanism between state institutions. These reforms are expected to clarify the President\u27s position, enhance government effectiveness, and ensure the creation of a more stable, accountable, and democratic administration. This study provides valuable insights into the dynamics of Indonesia\u27s constitutional system and offers solutions for improving the existing governance framewor