Jurnal Online Universitas Pekalongan
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Online-Based Violence Against Children: Efforts to Develop Child Protection Strategies in the Digital Era in Magelang Regency
Get PDFThe rapid advancement of technology has resulted in the exponential transformation of social interactions and relations. The ease of access and broad reach have increased internet penetration, particularly among children aged 13-17 in Magelang Regency. While this situation can have positive impacts, the low level of literacy and awareness of the use of digital devices has increased the risk of online-based violence against children. This research focuses on three issues: the conditions and dynamics of online-based violence against children in Magelang Regency, the measures already taken to respond to online-based violence against children in Magelang Regency, and prevention strategies for online-based violence against children from the perspective of fulfilling children\u27s rights and protection in the future. This study employs a qualitative approach with children aged 13-17 years. The research findings reveal that children aged 13-17 years in Magelang Regency experience two forms of violence: cyberbullying and sexual harassment. Low digital media literacy and risky interaction behaviours, coupled with inadequate mitigation efforts, pose a significant potential for an increase in this type of violence in the future. There are seven prevention strategies: digital literacy for children and parents; safe environment and technology; accessibility of services; strengthening regulations and child protection institutions; strengthening coordination and synergy; public awareness; and parental/family participation
Legal Consequences and Notary Responsibilities for The Hawalah Contract Deed That Does Not Meet The Provisions of Sharia Law (Study of Decision Number 1922/Pdt.G./2020/PA.Btm)
Get PDFCessie or what is known as Hawalah in Islamic financial institutions is a debt transfer agreement that is widelyused by banks because it is a way to transfer the right to collect to another party and/or a third party to guarantee creditfacilities or funds provided by the bank. In making a Deed of Cessie or Hawalah Deed, a Notary must pay attention to the provisions of positive law and Islamic law. This is related to legal certainty regarding the validity of the deed and itsharmony with Islamic law. The research method used in this study is the doctrinal research method. The data used in this study are secondary data obtained from document studies and strengthened by case analysis. The purpose of this study is to understand the legal consequences of a Hawalah Deed that does not meet the applicable legal provisions and the notary\u27s responsibility for a Hawalah Deed that is canceled by a religious court. Based on the study’s result, a Hawalah Deed that does not meet the provisions of the law can be canceled or null and void by law. A Hawalah Deed that is canceled by the court makes the deed no longer have perfect evidentiary power. The notary who makes the deed can be sued for compensation, costs and interest in the aggrieved party
THE REALITY OF LAW ENFORCEMENT OF THE CRIMINAL ACT OF THEFT BY THE PROSECUTOR\u27S OFFICE THROUGH RESTORATIVE JUSTICE IN INDONESIA
No full textThe existence of restorative justice certainly brings a new paradigm in the settlement of criminal cases, by seeking to settle cases solely outside the court. The implementation of restorative justice-based termination of prosecution can be applied to the crime of theft as the highest number of cases in Indonesia. This is because economic stability was disrupted after the Covid-19 pandemic created a moral crisis with a drastic increase in theft crimes in Indonesia. Meanwhile, there has recently been the establishment of restorative justice houses in each jurisdiction of the prosecutor\u27s office to optimize the resolution of all legal problems by filtering cases that go to court, dissemination of law to local residents, and being able to develop local wisdom by involving local traditional leaders to emphasize consensus deliberation. The research approach is to use a normative juridical method with reference to laws and regulations sourced from primary data and literature studies originating from criminal law literature in Indonesia, which is then processed into a specific conclusion. The results of the study show that humanist restorative justice houses are an alternative to solving cases of theft. the embodiment of restorative justice in a hybrid way within the prosecutor\u27s office will be achieved as a humane law enforcement agency in Indonesian.The existence of restorative justice certainly brings a new paradigm in the settlement of criminal cases, by seeking to settle cases solely outside the court. The implementation of restorative justice-based termination of prosecution can be applied to the crime of theft as the highest number of cases in Indonesia. This is because economic stability was disrupted after the Covid-19 pandemic created a moral crisis with a drastic increase in theft crimes in Indonesia. Meanwhile, there has recently been the establishment of restorative justice houses in each jurisdiction of the prosecutor\u27s office to optimize the resolution of all legal problems by filtering cases that go to court, dissemination of law to local residents, and being able to develop local wisdom by involving local traditional leaders to emphasize consensus deliberation. The research approach is to use a normative juridical method with reference to laws and regulations sourced from primary data and literature studies originating from criminal law literature in Indonesia, which is then processed into a specific conclusion. The results of the study show that humanist restorative justice houses are an alternative to solving cases of theft. the embodiment of restorative justice in a hybrid way within the prosecutor\u27s office will be achieved as a humane law enforcement agency in Indonesian
Reformulasi Desentralisasi Fiskal Untuk Mendorong Tata Kelola Pembangunan Daerah Berkelanjutan: Tantangan Pencegahan Korupsi APBD
No full textAbstract
Since entering the Reformation era, Indonesia has entered a new era in the government system, where most of the affairs for basic services that were previously in the hands of the central government are devolved through decentralization policies, which are also referred to as regional autonomy policies. Regional development in the autonomy era provides an opportunity for local governments to innovate by building local growth centers to encourage regional economic growth. In practice, Indonesia adoptsasymmetric decentralization, which in principle can be based on conditions: (1) administrative (management), (2) political, and (3) fiscal. Regarding fiscal decentralization, starting from the regime of Law 25/1999, Law 33/2004, to Law 1/2022, the central role of fiscal decentralization from the beginning aimed to support the financing of devolved affairs, known as the Money Follows Functions principle. The fiscal decentralization policy provides certainty that the devolved affairs can be properly implemented by the Local Government. However, in its empirical dynamics, during the 23 years that regional autonomy has been implemented, at least there are various problems originating from regulations and local governments themselves, which result in inefficiencies in regional spending. Starting from the effect of incumbent spending allocations in regional head elections (pilkada), known as the political budget cycle (PBC) effect; weak local government governance that causes inefficiencies in regional financial management; central and regional budgeting support that has not been optimal in implementation; to the biggest problem, namely the problem of corruption of the Regional Budget by the definitive Regional Head and the ranks of the regional government. This research uses a normative juridical approach method with a statutory approach accompanied by an analytical descriptive case approach. The type of data is secondary data collected and studied using literature studies and analyzed using qualitative analysis methods. The results and discussion of this study conclude, First, it cannot be denied that corruption drastically distorts fiscal decentralization in the regions. It is estimated that about 30 percent of Anggaran Pendapatan dan Belanja (APBD) funds evaporate due to corruption, and about 70 percent of them occur in the procurement of government goods and services. the emergence of APBD corruption is weak planning and budgeting. There are several sectors that are vulnerable to potential corruption, especially in expenditures sourced from the Transfer to Regional Funds, Village Funds and Deconcentration Funds, which have implications for the high cost economy. Second, the ideal formulation used to inhibit the potential for corruption in the regions, especially the APBD, includes optimizing the implementation of fraud audits such as investigative audits or corruption audits, creating an internal whistleblowing system for local governments, improving the regional budgeting system, and strengthening the Government Internal Supervisory Apparatus. In terms of encouraging sustainable regional development governance, policy recommendations are needed, including: increasing sustainable public transparency; considering results-based accountability; making extensive use of ICT (Information and Communication Technology); increasing the role of reward and penalty mechanisms; and changing the paradigm from money follows function to money follows program.
Keywords: Fiscal Decentralization; Corruption; APBDAbstrak
Sejak memasuki era Reformasi, Indonesia memasuki era baru dalam sistem pemerintahan, dimana sebagian besar urusan untuk pelayanan dasar yang sebelumnya berada di tangan pemerintah pusat didaerahkan melalui kebijakan desentralisasi, yang juga disebut sebagai kebijakan otonomi daerah. Pembangunan daerah di era otonomi memberikan kesempatan kepada pemerintah daerah melakukan inovasi dengan membangun pusat-pusat pertumbuhan lokal untuk mendorong pertumbuhan ekonomi daerah. Dalam praktiknya, Indonesia mengadopsi desentralisasi asimetri (asymmetric decentralization), yang secara prinsip dapat berbasis kepada kondisi: (1) administrasi (manajemen), (2) politik, maupun (3) fiskal. Menyoal mengenai desentralisasi fiskal, dimulai dari adanya rezim UU 25/1999, UU 33/2004, hingga UU 1/2022, peran sentral desentralisasi fiskal sejak awal bertujuan untuk mendukung pembiayaan urusan yang didaerahkan, yang dikenal dengan prinsip Money Follows Functions. Kebijakan desentralisasi fiskal memberikan kepastian bahwa urusan yang didaerahkan dapat dilaksanakan dengan sebaik-baiknya oleh Pemerintah Daerah. Namun demikian, dalam dinamika empirisnya, selama 23 tahun otonomi daerah diiimplementasikan setidaknya terdapat berbagai permasalahan yang berasal dari regulasi maupun pemerintah daerah sendiri, yang berakibat kepada inefisiensi dalam belanja daerah. Mulai dari adanya efek alokasi belanja petahana dalam pemilihan kepala daerah (pilkada), yang dikenal sebagai efek political budget cycle (PBC); lemahnya tata kelola (governance) pemerintah daerah yang menimbulkan inefisiensi pengelolaan keuangan daerah; dukungan penganggaran pusat dan daerah yang belum optimal dalam implementasi; hingga yang paling besar yakni permasalahan korupsi Anggaran Pendapatan dan Belanja Daerah oleh Kepala Daerah definitif serta jajaran pemerintahan daerah. Penelitian ini menggunakan metode pendekatan yuridis normatif dengan pendekatan perundang-undangan disertai pendekatan kasus yang bersifat deskriptif analitis. Jenis datanya adalah data sekunder yang dikumpulkan serta dikaji menggunakan studi kepustakaan serta dianalisis dengan metode analisis kualitatif. Hasil dan pembahasan dari penelitian ini menyimpulkan, Pertama, tidak dapat dipungkiri bahwa korupsi mendistorsi desentralisasi fiskal di daerah secara drastis. Diperkirakan sekitar 30 persen dana APBD menguap karena korupsi, dan sekitar 70 persennya terjadi pada pengadaan barang dan jasa pemerintah. munculnya Korupsi APBD adalah lemahnya perencanaan dan penganggaran. Terdapat beberapa sektor yang rentan potensi korupsi, khususnya pada belanja yang bersumber dari Dana Transfer ke Daerah, Dana Desa dan Dana Dekonsentrasi, yang berimplikasi pada high cost economy. Kedua, formulasi ideal yang digunakan untuk menghambat potensi korupsi di daerah terutama APBD, di antaranya yakni optimaliasi implementasi audit kecurangan seperti audit investigatif atau audit korupsi, penciptakaan sistem whistleblowing internal pemerintah daerah, perbaikan sistem penganggaran daerah, hingga penguatan Aparatur Pengawas Internal Pemerintah. Dalam hal mendorong tata kelola pembangunan daerah yang berkelanjutan perlu adanya rekomendasi kebijakan, di antaranya: meningkatkan transparansi publik yang berkelanjutan; mempertimbangkan results-based accountability; menggunakan secara luas ICT (Information and Communication Technology); meningkatkan peran mekanisme reward and penalty; dan Perubahan paradigma dari money follows function menuju ke money follows program.
Kata Kunci: Desentralisasi Fiskal; Korupsi; APB
Principle of Beneficial Owner in Corporate Crime
Get PDFThis study aims to analyze the application of the principle of beneficial owners in corporate crimes in Indonesia. The background of this research focuses on the challenges of identifying beneficial owners within corporate structures that are often used to commit crimes, including money laundering and corruption. The method used is normative legal research with a juridical approach, where data is collected from laws and regulations and case studies. The results show that although the principle of beneficial owners has been regulated in positive law, its implementation is still not effective. This is due to a lack of understanding and compliance from corporations as well as weaknesses in supervision by the relevant authorities. This study recommends the need for reforms in regulations and increased supervisory capacity to ensure that beneficial owners can be identified and held legally accountable in cases of corporate crimes.This study aims to analyze the application of the principle of beneficial owners in corporate crimes in Indonesia. The background of this research focuses on the challenges of identifying beneficial owners within corporate structures that are often used to commit crimes, including money laundering and corruption. The method used is normative legal research with a juridical approach, where data is collected from laws and regulations and case studies. The results show that although the principle of beneficial owners has been regulated in positive law, its implementation is still not effective. This is due to a lack of understanding and compliance from corporations as well as weaknesses in supervision by the relevant authorities. This study recommends the need for reforms in regulations and increased supervisory capacity to ensure that beneficial owners can be identified and held legally accountable in cases of corporate crimes
Analysis Of Citizenship Rights And Mixed Marriages Between Rohingya Refugees And Indonesian Citizens (WNI)
Get PDFIndonesia has come under fire at home and abroad for its rejection of Rohingya refugees, making it irresponsible to accept refugees in its territory. There is no clear legal umbrella in Indonesian law for marriage between Indonesian citizens and refugees. This can be seen from the fact that Article 57 of the Marriage Law only regulates marriage between Indonesian citizens and foreigners who have citizenship status, there will also be discussed in this study regarding the mixed marriage status of Rohingya refugees and the legal status of children born from mixed marriages, This research method uses a qualitative approach carried out by collecting data both in initial observations and during the research, Solving the Rohingya problem regarding the legal status of children born from mixed marriage can only be done if all parties have a strong commitment to side with the values of morality and humanity by taking concrete steps in resolving the root of the problem, so that the clarity of the status of mixed marriage can be known
Evaluation of Entrepreneurship-Based Link and Match Program with CIPP Model for Vocational High School Students: Legal Communication Study
No full textThe link and match program is designed to bridge the gap between the world of education and the world of work through the development of children\u27s entrepreneurial competencies. This study aims to determine the planning, implementation, supervision, and evaluation of the entrepreneurship-based link and match program at TKIT Insan Adzkia Marelan. The place or location of this research is at TKIT Insan Adzkia Marelan located in Tanah Enam Ratus, Kec. Medan Marelan, Medan City, North Sumatra. The research was conducted for five months starting from August 5, 2024-December 20, 2024. This study used a qualitative method with the research subjects being the principal and teachers. Data collection techniques were carried out through observation, interviews, questionnaires, and documentation. Data analysis was carried out through data reduction, data presentation, as well as drawing conclusions and verification. The results of the study showed that program planning includes entrepreneurship development, theoretical and practical learning, improving soft skills, and expanding networks with the business world. Program implementation is carried out through curriculum integration, mentoring of teachers and industry partners, project-based learning, internships, and competency certification. Supervision is carried out with the right methods, technology-based monitoring, and collaboration with industry partners. Evaluation of the link and match program: Ensuring the effectiveness of the program from the government and the industrial world, identifying the strengths and weaknesses of the program, improving program implementation, strengthening relations with DU/DI, absorption of graduates into DU/DI, evaluation of all link and match programs.Program link and match dirancang untuk menjembatani kesenjangan antara dunia pendidikan dan dunia kerja melalui pengembangan kompetensi kewirausahaan anak. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui perencanaan, pelaksanaan, pengawasan, dan evaluasi program link and match berbasis kewirausahaan di TKIT Insan Adzkia Marelan. Tempat atau lokasi penelitian ini adalah di TKIT Insan Adzkia Marelan yang berlokasi di Tanah Enam Ratus, Kec. Medan Marelan, Kota Medan, Sumatera Utara. Penelitian dilakukan selama lima bulan terhitung sejak tanggal 5 Agustus 2024-20 Desember 2024. Penelitian ini menggunakan metode kualitatif dengan subjek penelitian adalah kepala sekolah dan guru. Teknik pengumpulan data dilakukan melalui observasi, wawancara, angket, dan dokumentasi. Analisis data dilakukan melalui reduksi data, penyajian data, serta penarikan simpulan dan verifikasi. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa perencanaan program meliputi pengembangan kewirausahaan, pembelajaran teori dan praktik, peningkatan soft skills, dan perluasan jaringan dengan dunia usaha. Pelaksanaan program dilakukan melalui integrasi kurikulum, pendampingan guru dan mitra industri, pembelajaran berbasis proyek, magang, dan sertifikasi kompetensi. Supervisi dilakukan dengan metode yang tepat, monitoring berbasis teknologi, dan kolaborasi dengan mitra industri. Evaluasi program link and match: Memastikan efektivitas program dari pemerintah dan dunia industri, mengidentifikasi kekuatan dan kelemahan program, meningkatkan pelaksanaan program, memperkuat hubungan dengan DU/DI, penyerapan lulusan ke DU/DI, evaluasi seluruh program link and match
The Effectiveness Of The Absentee Land Ban In Realizing Social Justice For Farmers
Get PDFLand has a central role in the lives of the Indonesian people, especially in the agricultural sector. However, the practice of land ownership in absentee (guntai) is still a problem that is contrary to the principles of land reform in Indonesia. This study aims to analyze the effectiveness of regulations regarding the prohibition of absentee land ownership and its impact on smallholders. The research method used is normative legal research with a legislative approach and case studies in Banyuwangi Regency. The results of the study show that the ban on absentee land ownership has not been effective due to weak law enforcement, non-compliance with the times, and the practice of buying and selling land under the hands. The conclusion of this study emphasizes the need for stricter land redistribution policies and a transparent land administration system to prevent inequality in land ownership and improve the welfare of smallholdersTanah memiliki peran sentral dalam kehidupan masyarakat Indonesia, terutama dalam sektor pertanian. Namun, praktik kepemilikan tanah secara absentee (guntai) masih menjadi permasalahan yang bertentangan dengan prinsip landreform di Indonesia. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk menganalisis efektivitas regulasi mengenai larangan kepemilikan tanah secara absentee serta dampaknya terhadap petani kecil. Metode penelitian yang digunakan adalah penelitian hukum normatif dengan pendekatan perundang-undangan dan studi kasus di Kabupaten Banyuwangi. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa larangan kepemilikan tanah absentee belum berjalan efektif akibat lemahnya penegakan hukum, ketidaksesuaian regulasi dengan perkembangan zaman, serta praktik jual beli tanah di bawah tangan. Kesimpulan penelitian ini menegaskan perlunya kebijakan redistribusi tanah yang lebih ketat dan sistem administrasi pertanahan yang transparan guna mencegah ketimpangan kepemilikan tanah serta meningkatkan kesejahteraan petani kecil
Legal Responsibility of Land Deed Officials in Overcoming Abuse of Land Sale and Purchase Deeds
Get PDFThe Deed of Sale and Purchase (AJB) is a critical element in land transactions in Indonesia, requiring legal validity to ensure the certainty of land ownership status. However, the misuse of AJB, including document forgery by the Land Deed Official, has led to legal disputes that harm various parties and undermine public trust in the land law system. This study aims to analyze the legal responsibility of The Land Deed Official in addressing the misuse of AJB by identifying obstacles in task execution and potential violations. The research method used is a qualitative approach with case studies of land disputes involving The Land Deed Official, as well as an analysis of relevant regulations related to the duties and supervision of The Land Deed Official. The study also aims to provide policy recommendations to enhance The Land Deed Official accountability and strengthen a more transparent and accountable land system. The Land Deed Official plays an essential role in ensuring the legality of land sale transactions in Indonesia by verifying related documents, such as land certificates and tax payment evidence, in accordance with applicable regulations. Misuse of the AJB by The Land Deed Official can undermine legal certainty, trigger land disputes, and hinder economic growth. To prevent this, stricter supervision, the application of technology for transparency, and strict enforcement of sanctions in the land system are required
Islamic Law and Fraud Eradication Strategy in Islamic Financial Institutions
Get PDFThis study examines the law and strategy to eradicate fraud in Islamic financial institutions, which are important institutions in the sharia-based economy. Fraud, which includes various fraudulent acts such as manipulation of financial statements and abuse of authority, can damage the reputation and sustainability of financial institutions. Therefore, a thorough understanding of the laws governing Islamic financial institutions, including the Sharia Banking Law and regulations from the Financial Services Authority (OJK), is essential in efforts to prevent and counter fraud. The fraud eradication strategy proposed in this study involves several approaches. First, the implementation of a comprehensive internal control system, including periodic internal and external audits, to ensure transparency and accountability. Second, increasing awareness and ethical training for employees, so that they are better able to recognize and prevent fraud. Third, the use of information technology, such as early detection systems and data analysis, which can identify suspicious patterns in financial transactions. This research emphasizes the importance of collaboration between Islamic financial institutions, regulators, and the public to build a safe and transparent ecosystem. Thus, efforts to eradicate fraud not only protect institutional assets, but also strengthen public trust in the Islamic financial system. The results of this research are expected to provide insight for policy makers and practitioners in developing more effective strategies in eradicating fraud