Jurnal Online Universitas Pekalongan
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LEGAL REVIEW OF FOREST CONVERSION FOR PALM OIL PLANTATIONS IN THE INTERESTS OF RENEWABLE ENERGY
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Forest conversion for oil palm plantations is a complex issue in Indonesia. This sector contributes significantly to the national economy through exports and job creation, but on the other hand causes negative impacts such as deforestation, loss of biodiversity, and agrarian conflicts involving indigenous peoples and small farmers. The government has established various regulations, including Law No. 41 of 1999 concerning Forestry, Law No. 32 of 2009 concerning Environmental Protection and Management, and Law No. 39 of 2014 concerning Plantations to control forest conversion. Unfortunately, the implementation of this policy still faces challenges, especially in terms of law enforcement and licensing transparency. This study uses a normative juridical method by analyzing national regulations and international policies such as the 2015 Paris Agreement and the Convention on Biological Diversity (CBD). The results of the study show that weak supervision, corruption in licensing, and minimal coordination between agencies are the main obstacles in managing forest conversion. Therefore, a stricter strategy is needed in monitoring licensing, increasing transparency in land management, and implementing stricter sanctions for violators of regulations. In addition, sustainability standards such as the Roundtable on Sustainable Palm Oil (RSPO) and Indonesian Sustainable Palm Oil (ISPO) need to be strengthened to ensure that the palm oil industry can develop without damaging the environment. With these steps, it is hoped that the management of natural resources in Indonesia can be more balanced between economic, social, and ecological interests
The Legal Aspects of the Hanging Marriage Practice: An Ethnographic Analysis
Get PDFThe tradition of hanging marriage in the Kampar community is part of a cultural heritage that is still preserved today. This tradition involves a series of traditional ceremonies that are full of meaning, ranging from the Khatam Al-Qur\u27an rituals, Barandam, night, to the marriage procession itself. Hanging marriage is not only seen as a form of prevention of pre-marital relations, but also as a symbol of spiritual and social readiness of the bride and groom before living a domestic life. In the perspective of Islamic law, this tradition does not conflict as long as it does not deviate from the Shari\u27a, although there are several aspects that need to be harmonized with the provisions of the National Marriage Law, especially related to the minimum age limit of marriage. This study aims to examine more in the meaning and cultural values behind the tradition as well as the challenges faced in the context of children\u27s modernization and protectio
Life Imprisonment: Legal and Human Rights Perspectives in The Indonesian Criminal Justice System
Get PDFThe death penalty in Indonesia, as governed by the new Penal Code (KUHP) under Law No. 1 of 2023, represents a significant shift from its previous application. Historically, the death penalty was considered the most severe punishment for serious crimes such as premeditated murder, terrorism, and drug trafficking. However, the revised KUHP reclassifies the death penalty as a special form of punishment with a probationary period of 10 years, during which the convict\u27s behavior and potential for rehabilitation are assessed. If the offender demonstrates remorse and positive behavioral change, their sentence may be commuted to life imprisonment. This reform introduces a more restorative approach to justice while still retaining the death penalty as an option for the most serious crimes. The KUHP also includes provisions to protect vulnerable individuals, such as postponing executions for pregnant women and those with mental health conditions. From a human rights perspective, the death penalty raises significant concerns regarding the right to life and freedom from cruel and inhuman treatment. While proponents argue that it serves as a deterrent, human rights organizations emphasize the protection of fundamental freedoms. The new KUHP aims to strike a balance between justice, deterrence, and human rights, with the potential for a future moratorium on the death penalty in Indonesi
PERAN KEJAKSAAN NEGERI KARAWANG DALAM UPAYA PREVENTIF MENANGGULANGI TINDAK PIDANA KORUPSI DI KABUPATEN KARAWANG
No full textCorruption is a serious issue that has a broad impact on economic stability, social structures, and public trust. Karawang Regency, as a region with rapid economic growth, also faces a high risk of corruption. The Karawang District Prosecutor’s Office holds a strategic role in preventive efforts through various educational and supervisory programs. The research problem or main discussion in this study is how the Karawang District Prosecutor’s Office plays a role in preventing corruption crimes and whether the relationship between the legal structure, legal substance, and legal culture can support efforts to prevent corruption by the prosecutor\u27s office. This research is normative legal research with a juridical-normative approach, encompassing statutory and conceptual approaches. The data used are secondary data obtained through literature studies of legislation, prosecutorial policies, and relevant legal literature. Data analysis is carried out descriptively-analytically using legal interpretation techniques and comparative analysis. The research results show that the Karawang District Prosecutor’s Office has implemented various preventive strategies, such as the "Prosecutors Enter Schools" (Jaksa Masuk Sekolah/JMS) Program, the "Prosecutors Guard Villages" (Jaksa Jaga Desa) Program, and the "Prosecutors as Fishermen\u27s Friends" (Jaksa Sahabat Nelayan) Program. In addition, supervision of regional strategic projects is carried out to prevent abuse of authority. However, there are challenges such as limited human resources, lack of coordination between institutions, and low public legal awareness. By strengthening regulations, transparency, and accountability, it is expected that corrupt practices can be minimized and the integrity of government governance can be enhancedKorupsi merupakan permasalahan serius yang berdampak luas terhadap stabilitas ekonomi, sosial, dan kepercayaan publik. Kabupaten Karawang sebagai daerah dengan pertumbuhan ekonomi pesat juga menghadapi risiko korupsi yang tinggi. Kejaksaan Negeri Karawang memiliki peran strategis dalam upaya preventif melalui berbagai program edukasi dan pengawasan. Rumusan masalah atau pokok pembahasan dalam penelitian ini adalah bagaimana peran Kejaksaan Negeri Karawang dalam menanggulangi tindak pidana korupsi secara preventif dan apakah hubungan antara struktur hukum, substansi hukum, dan budaya hukum dapat mendukung dalam upaya penanggulangan tindak pidana korupsi oleh kejaksaan. Penelitian ini merupakan penelitian hukum normatif dengan pendekatan yuridis normatif, yang mencakup pendekatan perundang-undangan dan konseptual. Data yang digunakan adalah data sekunder yang diperoleh melalui studi kepustakaan terhadap peraturan perundang-undangan, kebijakan kejaksaan, serta literatur hukum yang relevan. Analisis data dilakukan secara deskriptif-analitis dengan menggunakan teknik interpretasi hukum dan analisis komparatif. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa Kejaksaan Negeri Karawang telah mengimplementasikan berbagai strategi preventif, seperti Program Jaksa Masuk Sekolah (JMS), Program Jaksa Jaga Desa dan Program Jaksa Sahabat Nelayan. Selain itu, pengawasan terhadap proyek strategis daerah dilakukan untuk mencegah penyalahgunaan wewenang. Akan tetapi, terdapat tantangan seperti keterbatasan sumber daya manusia, kurangnya koordinasi antarinstansi, serta rendahnya kesadaran hukum masyarakat. Dengan penguatan regulasi, transparansi, serta akuntabilitas, diharapkan praktik korupsi dapat diminimalkan dan integritas tata kelola pemerintahan semakin meningkat
Perbankan Syariah; Restrukturisasi Utang; Kepatuhan Syariah; Fikih Muamalah
No full textThis study aims to evaluate the effectiveness of debt restructuring in syariah banking by exploring three key perspectives i.e., institutional policy, customer perception, and Islamic legal scholarship. Using BJB Syariah Majalengka as a case study, the research investigates how the bank’s restructuring mechanisms align with Fatwa DSN-MUI No. 48/DSN-MUI/II/2005 and principles of Fiqh Muamalah. The study employs a qualitative approach, combining document analysis, in-depth interviews with bank officials and fiqh scholars, and structured questionnaires distributed to customers who have undergone restructuring. The findings reveal that BJB Syariah has implemented debt restructuring through rescheduling, restructuring, and reconditioning while maintaining the syariah-compliant framework. From the customers’ perspective, debt restructuring is perceived as a supportive solution during financial hardship, yet knowledge gaps about their rights and obligations persist. Meanwhile, fiqh scholars emphasize that the legitimacy of restructuring hinges on justice, transparency, and the avoidance of prohibited elements such as riba, gharar, and unjust enrichment (dzulm). This triangular perspective highlights the need for stronger integration between policy, customer literacy, and shariah oversight.Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengevaluasi efektivitas restrukturisasi utang pada perbankan syariah dengan mengeksplorasi tiga perspektif utama, yaitu kebijakan institusional, persepsi nasabah, dan pandangan keilmuan hukum Islam. Studi ini merupakan studi kasus di BJB Syariah Majalengka dalam menelusuri sejauh mana mekanisme restrukturisasi utang yang diterapkan bank selaras dengan Fatwa DSN-MUI No. 48/DSN-MUI/II/2005 serta prinsip-prinsip Fiqh Muamalah. Penelitian ini menggunakan pendekatan kualitatif dengan menggabungkan analisis dokumen, wawancara dengan pejabat bank dan ulama fiqh, serta kuesioner terstruktur yang dibagikan kepada nasabah yang telah menjalani restrukturisasi. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa BJB Syariah menerapkan restrukturisasi utang melalui skema penjadwalan kembali (rescheduling), restrukturisasi (restructuring), dan penataan kembali (reconditioning) dalam kerangka yang sesuai dengan prinsip syariah. Dari perspektif nasabah, restrukturisasi utang dipandang sebagai solusi yang membantu di masa kesulitan keuangan, meskipun masih terdapat kesenjangan pemahaman terkait hak dan kewajiban mereka. Sementara itu, para ulama fiqh menekankan bahwa keabsahan restrukturisasi bergantung pada prinsip keadilan, transparansi, serta penghindaran unsur yang dilarang seperti riba, gharar, dan kezaliman (dzulm). Perspektif triangular ini menegaskan pentingnya integrasi yang lebih kuat antara kebijakan, literasi nasabah, dan pengawasan syariah
Responsibility of Producers and Distributors for Losses Suffered by Consumers (Study at PT Semen Indonesia Distributor)
Get PDFThe responsibility of business actors for product defects is an essential aspect of consumer protection. However, in practice, there remains an imbalance in the distribution of liability for product damage between producers and distributors. This study examines the liability for damages resulting from defective building materials experienced by consumers of PT Semen Indonesia Distributor (PT SID). The research addresses two main questions: (1) How is the legal relationship structured among producers, distributors, and consumers in product liability cases? (2) What are the responsibilities of producers and distributors for losses suffered by consumers? The study uses an empirical juridical method with a qualitative approach. Data is obtained through interviews with consumers and related parties of PT SID, observation of the product damage claim mechanism, literature study and document study related to PT SID\u27s agreement. The findings reveal that the legal relationship among producers, distributors, and consumers arises from sales transactions and is bound by either written or verbal agreements. However, these agreements lack explicit provisions regarding liability for product defects. The responsibility for the losses suffered by consumers of PT SID is entirely borne by the distributor, without involving the producer. Compensation is provided based on the fault liability principle, which requires proof of fault and weakens the consumer\u27s position. Therefore, it is necessary to strengthen regulations and contractual clauses that clearly define the distribution of liability between producers and distributors. The application of strict liability principle in defective product cases is recommended to ensure fairer legal protection for consumer
Restitution in Juvenile Criminal Cases: A Proposed Amendment to Government Regulation No. 43/2017 in Light of International Legal Principles
Get PDFThis article analyses how Government Regulation Number 43/2017 shall be amended on international human rights law. It is needed since this regulation does not further regulate the offender\u27s responsibility due to the offender\u27s economic inability. The article implements normative research based on the UNCRC, the Chorzow Factory Case, jurisprudence from the ECHR Case Law, and the UNGA Resolution 40/34. This article consists of three discussions. The first discussion implements the provisions of the UNCRC in proposing how the government regulation shall be amended. Meanwhile, the second discussion suggests how the regulation shall be amended based on international case laws. Finally, the third discussion enhanced the previous two discussions by implementing the UNGA Resolution 40/34. Indonesia shall amend the provisions under Articles 19-22 of the regulation to ensure the full reparation of the victim and the perpetrator’s responsibility is fulfilled. This article also suggests that Indonesia shall consider the offender\u27s and the victim’s conflicting interests. The third discussion suggested the LPSK to be the authorized organ to pay the restitution to the victim in the case where the offender or convicted is unable to fulfill the responsibility.  
Implications of the Most Favoured Nation Principle in the Investment Law for National Economic Interests
Get PDFThe Most Favoured Nation (MFN) principle is one of the basic principles of international agreements in regulating each WTO member with the aim of creating global economic liberalism. Indonesia is one of the developing countries that is a member of the WTO which automatically applies The Most Favoured Nation (MFN) principle and is one of the principles governing capital investment as stated in Law Number 25 of 2007 concerning Capital Investment. However, on the one hand, international agreements have their own polemics because in general many say they favor western countries (developed countries) and tend to be more detrimental to developing countries. In overcoming this situation, the middle path theory provides a view regarding Foreign Investment (PMA) which states that foreign investment has positive and negative impacts on economic development, especially for developing countries, so there is a need for a filter in applying The Most Favoured Nation (MFN) principle so that interests national economy continues to be achieved. In this writing, the author wants to analyze the role of the regime of Law Number 25 of 2007 concerning Investment in implementing The Most Favoured Nation (MFN) principle by focusing on what Indonesia should choose if there is a dilemma in choosing between upholding the principles of international agreements or interests. national economy in implementing foreign investment regulations
Asas Oportunitas dalam Penegakan Hukum Pidana Korupsi: Studi Yuridis terhadap Kewenangan Jaksa
No full textThe principle of opportunity is a criminal law principle that gives prosecutors the authority not to continue prosecuting cases in the public interest. In Indonesia, although the legal system normatively adheres to the principle of legality, the practice of discretion by prosecutors in handling cases, including corruption, shows a tendency to apply the principle of opportunity which has not been strictly regulated. Corruption as an extraordinary crime demands strict, transparent and accountable law enforcement. However, the use of discretion by prosecutors in stopping corruption cases risks weakening public trust and opening up opportunities for abuse of authority. This research aims to juridically examine the position of the principle of opportunity in the Indonesian criminal law system and assess the prosecutor\u27s authority in applying it in corruption cases. The research method used is normative juridical with statutory, conceptual, and comparative legal approaches. The results of the study show that there is a need for normative limits on the prosecutor\u27s discretionary space, especially in corruption cases, as well as strengthening the external supervision mechanism. Comparative studies with countries such as the Netherlands and Japan show that the application of the principle of opportunity can be effective if supported by accountability and strict supervision. Therefore, legal policy reform in the form of codification of norms and transparency of law enforcement is an urgency in order to strengthen the integrity of the prosecutorial institution and the effectiveness of corruption eradication.Asas oportunitas merupakan prinsip hukum pidana yang memberikan kewenangan kepada jaksa untuk tidak melanjutkan penuntutan perkara demi kepentingan umum. Di Indonesia, meskipun sistem hukum secara normatif menganut asas legalitas, praktik diskresi oleh jaksa dalam penanganan perkara, termasuk korupsi, menunjukkan kecenderungan penerapan asas oportunitas yang belum diatur secara tegas. Tindak pidana korupsi sebagai kejahatan luar biasa menuntut penegakan hukum yang tegas, transparan, dan akuntabel. Namun, penggunaan diskresi oleh jaksa dalam menghentikan perkara korupsi berisiko melemahkan kepercayaan publik dan membuka peluang terjadinya penyalahgunaan kewenangan. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengkaji secara yuridis kedudukan asas oportunitas dalam sistem hukum pidana Indonesia dan menilai kewenangan jaksa dalam menerapkannya pada perkara korupsi. Metode penelitian yang digunakan adalah yuridis normatif dengan pendekatan perundang-undangan, konseptual, dan perbandingan hukum. Hasil kajian menunjukkan bahwa perlu adanya batasan normatif terhadap ruang diskresi jaksa, khususnya dalam perkara korupsi, serta penguatan mekanisme pengawasan eksternal. Studi perbandingan dengan negara-negara seperti Belanda dan Jepang menunjukkan bahwa penerapan asas oportunitas dapat berjalan efektif apabila didukung oleh akuntabilitas dan pengawasan yang ketat. Oleh karena itu, reformasi kebijakan hukum dalam bentuk kodifikasi norma dan transparansi penegakan hukum menjadi urgensi dalam rangka memperkuat integritas lembaga kejaksaan dan efektivitas pemberantasan korupsi
PERLINDUNGAN HUKUM DALAM PERJANJIAN KERJASAMA OBYEK WISATA TERAS SAWAH CEKING ANTARA DESA ADAT TEGALALANG DAN DESA ADAT KEDISAN KABUPATEN GIANYAR BALI
No full textTourism sector development contributes to regional income growth. One example is Gianyar Regency, which has various tourist destinations, including the Ceking Terrace Tourist Attraction. This destination is famous for its terraced views located in Kedisan Traditional Village, Tegallalang District. This research discusses the regulation and implementation of the profit-sharing agreement in the management of the Ceking Terrace Tourist Attraction. The method used is empirical legal research. The results of the study show that the legal regulation regarding the profit-sharing in the management of this tourist attraction is governed by the Gianyar Regency Regional Regulation No. 10 of 2013. This regulation stipulates that traditional villages and traditional institutions have rights within the profit-sharing system for managing this tourist attraction. The profit-sharing agreement includes the rights and obligations of the involved parties, including the management body of the Ceking Terrace Tourist Attraction, which is entitled to guarantees as per the agreed contract. The management body is also obligated to ensure the smooth operation of the management. Additionally, landowners are entitled to compensation for the rice fields used as tourist attractions, with the obligation to maintain its beauty in accordance with the agreementPembangunan sektor pariwisata berkontribusi terhadap peningkatan pendapatan daerah. Salah satu contohnya adalah Kabupaten Gianyar, yang memiliki berbagai destinasi wisata, termasuk Objek Wisata Ceking Terrace. Destinasi ini terkenal dengan pemandangan teraseringnya yang terletak di Desa Adat Kedisan, Kecamatan Tegallalang. Penelitian ini membahas pengaturan serta pelaksanaan perjanjian bagi hasil dalam pengelolaan Objek Wisata Terasering Ceking. Metode yang digunakan adalah penelitian hukum empiris. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa pengaturan hukum terkait bagi hasil pengelolaan objek wisata tersebut diatur dalam Peraturan Daerah Kabupaten Gianyar No. 10 Tahun 2013. Peraturan ini menetapkan bahwa desa adat dan lembaga tradisional memiliki hak dalam sistem bagi hasil pengelolaan objek wisata ini. Perjanjian bagi hasil mencakup hak dan kewajiban pihak-pihak yang terlibat, termasuk badan pengelola Objek Wisata Ceking Terrace yang berhak mendapatkan jaminan sesuai kontrak yang disepakati. Badan pengelola juga memiliki kewajiban untuk memastikan kelancaran pengelolaan. Selain itu, pemilik lahan berhak menerima kompensasi atas sawah yang digunakan sebagai daya tarik wisata, dengan kewajiban menjaga keindahannya sesuai perjanjian