International Healthcare Research Journal (IHRJ)
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Guest Comment: Leukaemia & Lymphoma Awareness Month
Get PDFLeukaemia & Lymphoma Awareness Month Guest Comment by Dr. Preety Gupta, Reader, Swami Devi Dyal Hospital and Dental College, Barwala, Panchkula, Haryana, Indi
Assessment of Knowledge Regarding Osteoporosis Among Female Medical Students at King Faisal University, Saudi Arabia
Get PDFIntroduction: Osteoporosis is a worldwide public health problem that affects both male and females. It is a silent progressive disorder that affects the skeletal system and leads to diminished bone density and fracture. Therefore, awareness, attitude, and practices of people about osteoporosis contribute significantly to primary prevention and early detection of disease.
Objective: the present study conducted to assess the knowledge of the female medical students at King Faisal University about osteoporosis in Saudi Arabia.
Study design: A cross-sectional study conducted at the medical college of King Faisal University at Al-Ahsa region, Saudi Arabia. The study included all female medical students at King Faisal University, through an online self-administered questionnaire using the Osteoporosis Knowledge Assessment Tool (OKAT) questionnaire.
Results: The total number of participants was 176 female medical students, with 58.7% response rate. The age of participants ranged between 17 and 27 years, with a mean and standard deviation of 21.46±1.54 years. The participant's knowledge score about osteoporosis was as follow: 65.1% had satisfactory knowledge, 32.2% had poor knowledge, and only 2.3% of the participant had good knowledge.
Conclusion: Most of the participants had a satisfactory knowledge score on osteoporosis. However, there was a significant gap in knowledge regarding the risk factors such as high salt intake. The good knowledge score was significantly low in the present study compared to worldwide. Therefore, an educational effort is needed to improve knowledge and the quality and reliability of information about osteoporosis targeted undergraduates and young females in Saudi Arabia
Efficacy of Pre-Operative Submucosal Injection of Dexamethasone in Mandibular Third Molar Surgery: A Randomized Control Trial
Get PDFINTRODUCTION: Surgical extraction of third molar irrespective of any technique results in postoperative pain, swelling of face and limited mouth opening. The aim of the present study was to assess and compare the effects of Dexamethasone (4mg) administered prior to surgery.MATERIALS AND METHOD: A randomized control trial was conducted which included a total of fifty patients. All the patients were randomly put in two groups of twenty five each. Group I patients underwent transalveolar extraction of third molar under local anesthesia and standard oral drug regime. Group II patients received an additional submucosal injection of dexamethasone 4 mg, thirty minutes prior administration of local anaesthesia. Pain, swelling and mouth opening was recorded on second, seventh and tenth post-operative days after surgery.RESULTS: The difference in pain scores on second post-operative day between two groups were found statistically non-significant. However, there was significant reduction in pain scores on seventh and tenth day in both groups. Mouth opening showed statistically significant difference between the two groups.CONCLUSION: The observations of the present study provide a fundamental basis for the use of corticosteroids such as dexamethasone sodium phosphate in the form of submucosal administration in lower than usual doses to decrease postoperative inflammation when compare to other routes of drug administration
Prevalence and Risk Factors of Eye Problems among Older People in Central Tropical Region, Naypyitaw Union Territory, Myanmar
Get PDFPurpose:Vision is essential one and it is proximately linked with their quality of life. In the meantime, older populations are increasing rapidly in the whole world and thus, age-related macular degeneration, glaucoma, cataract and diabetic retinopathy are becoming common. Hot and dusty environment, inadequate access to water and poor facial hygiene are risk factors for blindness.
Design: Lewe Township was purposively selected due to its high prevalent on eye problems. This cross-sectional study was conducted and simple random sampling was applied to achieve desired sample size. The structured questionnaires were used to collect data including screening of eye problems from 414 older population. Frequency, percentage, mean, SD and other descriptive analysis were determined and chi-square test for associations was constructed.
Findings: Cataract was the highest prevalence rate with 40.8% followed by refractive error (27.3%) and pterygium (12.8%) among older people population in research area. While knowledge level indicated good level (88.4%), good attitude level (21.3%) and good practice level (27.1%) were noticeably low among older people. In the meantime, there were significantly associations between age (p=0.003) and education level (p=0.001) with knowledge level of older people while age (p=0.001), education level (p=<0.001), occupation (p=0.038) showed statistically association with attitude level.
Originality:The study noticed that higher prevalence of eye problems while relatively poor level of eye care seeking practice and unawareness on risk factors in targeted community. Knowledge and awareness for changing attitude about eye problems, eye care seeking behavior and preventive practices should be accomplished more
The Most Important Educational Interventions for Reducing Occupational Stress among Nurses Working In Health Centers: A Systematic Review Study
No full textIntroduction: Occupational stress is a very common feature of modern life and is increasing and has a bad effect on cardiovascular systems. Today it is known that stress is associated with many physical and mental illnesses or contributes to its development. This systematic review was conducted with the aim of determining The most important educational interventions for reducing occupational stress among nurses working in health centers.
Materials and Methods: In this systematic review, in order to achieve the goal of the study and to improve the accuracy of its study and its comprehension, this integrated overview study was conducted based on the Broome method. The method is done in the form of three steps in the search of texts, data evaluation and data analysis, So, in the search phase, post-retention studies texts are examined in four stages in terms of inclusion criteria. After obtaining the conditions for entry into the study, the content of the study is evaluated and at the end the analysis of the data was done. It was conducted in English and Persian by searching articles in search engines, sites and authoritative scientific databases Google Scholar, Embase, Researchgate, Sciencedirect, PubMed, Springer. In the first stage, 41 papers were found. Of these, 10 related articles that have been published in the last 20 years have been reviewed.
Results: In this study, ten articles were reviewed that show the positive effect of training on reducing the stress of nurses. One of these studies that was on the nurses in the direction of impact of stress management training program on stress and work-life conflict showed that the stress level in the intervention group was significantly lower than the control group. Also, in the intervention group itself, the work stress was reduced compared to before the intervention. The results of the intervention showed that, by reducing work stress, the work-life conflict scores also decreased and there is a significant positive correlation between stress management and work-life conflicts in nurses.
Conclusion: Studies have shown that the implementation of work-related stress management training programs can reduce employee stress by increasing the level of employees' knowledge about how to manage occupational stress, how to better manage time and also to modify work interactions to reduce job stress
The Prevalence and Risk Factors for Potential Oral Malignant Disorders in a Middle Aged North Indian Population
Get PDFINTRODUCTION: The menace of oral cancer has become a public health concern and its prevalence is increasing with every passing day, making it the sixth most common cancer across the globe.
OBJECTIVE: To evaluate the prevalence and risk factors for potential oral malignant disorders in a middle aged north Indian population.
MATERIALS AND METHODS: This Cross-sectional study was carried out on 1260 individuals in Delhi and NCR. A questionnaire was created to record information about socio demographic traits, oral hygiene routines, threat associated to oral probable malignant disorders .The Oral Mucosal lesions were examined by professionals. Results. The Overall Prevalence of Potential oral malignant disorders was found to be with oral submucous fibrosis (6.09%) found in a greater extent and erythroplakia (0.15%)found to be lesser.
RESULTS: It was documented that 11.48% of the Northern Indian Population which suffered from oral malignant lesions, with the prevalence rates of leukoplakia in 3.01%, Lichen Planus in 1.42% and lowest being erythroplakia in 0.15% of the subjects. The prevalence of oral malignant lesions among males was found to be higher(12.8%) as compared to females p value <0.0001. No significant difference was found between categories of socio-economic status, tooth brushing methods ,brushing frequency with prevalence of oral malignant disorders
CONCLUSION: The Study augments an interrelation between tobacco and areca nut consumption with oral probable malignant disorders. An interrelation of oral probable malignant disorders with diabetes and BMI was confirmed by this study
Comparative Evaluation of Esthetic Materials Used for Fixed Partial Prosthesis Placed On Vital Abutments on The Periodontal Status: A One Year Retrospective Follow-Up
Get PDFBACKGROUND: The replacement of missing teeth with fixed partial dentures is largely dependent upon the health and stability of the surrounding periodontal structures. FPDs are often prepared on vital teeth as abutments. Esthetic materials have become popular in fixed prosthodontics today.
AIM: The present study aimed to assess the long term effect and tissue responses of various types of fixed partial prosthesis placed on vital abutment teeth on the periodontal parameters both clinically and radiographically.
MATERIALS AND METHOD: Following ethical committee approval, the study group comprised of 87 abutment teeth in 41 systemically healthy patients (24 males and 17 females) aged between 18 – 45 years who had received 3 unit fixed prosthesis(IPS empress, PFM or zirconia), having equigingival margins using vital teeth as abutments. The following parameters were assessed at the time of bridge placement and 1 year follow up – CAL, Probing depth, Distance between CEJ/ cervical crown margin and alveolar crest of the abutment teeth(radiograph).
RESULTS: Statistical analysis carried out by SPSSV22 software revealed significant changes in clinical parameters with IPS empress and radiographic parameters with PFM and Zirconia from time of bridge placement till the 1 year follow up.(P<0.05).
CONCLUSION: There seemed to be favorable responses of the periodontal tissues to the various esthetic materials used on vital abutments of FPDs
A Study to Assess Career Satisfaction among Dental Practitioners in Kanpur City, U.P., India
Get PDFBACKGROUND: For almost every health worker, job satisfaction is an important determinant for motivation, retention and performance, and all of these are primarily important to improve the functioning mechanism of health systems in countries of low- and middle income categories.
AIM: This study was conducted to estimate the level of job satisfaction among registered practicing clinical dentists in Kanpur city, U.P., India
MATERIALS & METHOD: A cross sectional study was conducted among 204 practicing registered dentists. A questionnaire was distributed manually to the participating dentists for measuring dimensions of job satisfaction. A 5 point Likert format with a score range from 1(described as strongly dissatisfied) to 4(described as strongly satisfied) was used to describe the items. Analysis of data was analyzed using SPSS software 21.0 and student t test was applied for measuring the difference of means between the subgroups for each dimension.
RESULTS: A significant difference (p<0.005) in levels of satisfaction for various dimensions of job satisfaction within gender, educational qualification and work status was found on analysis. The postgraduates were found to be more satisfied as compared to graduates with a difference in job satisfaction level between genders which was related to the personal time dimension. It was also derived from the study that dentists working full time expressed dissatisfaction in terms of family time, thus to issues in their personal relationships.
CONCLUSION: Overall, it was found that the dentists have a high level of job satisfaction and the socio demographic factors deeply influence this domain of career
Treatment of Fractures in Black Africa: The Current State of Play
Get PDFEditorial Comment by Dr. Packo Dieu-le-veut Saint-Cyr Sylvestre, Member, International Editorial Board, IHRJ and Dr. Feigoudozoui Hermann Victoir
Tuberculosis: Coming Together to Combat This Classic Detrimental Disease (World Tuberculosis Day Editorial Comment)
Get PDFWorld Tuberculosis Day Editorial Comment by Dr. Sulabh Pur