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Švietimo modeliuotos krypties ir konteksto įtampų tendencijos
Get PDFThe article continues the analysis of the problem of tensions between the modelled direction and the context in education in Lithuania in the stage of its development in the second decade of the 21st century. The selected aspect – the opportunity for the transformational purpose of education declared in documents on education while social groups assess education unfavourably. The research question – why are there tensions between the declared transformational purpose of education and the context of development of education. The research is based on the qualitative methodology of documentary analysis: purposefully selected document sources of discourse on educational matters are analysed.
Data analysis and interpretation and discussion of approaches by comparing them with theoretical perceptions and insights of researchers lead to conclude the following: All approach coalitions analysed in the discourse recognise transformational impact of education as a system on an individual and society, but treat the content of the impact completely differently.
The representatives of business and politics coalitions rely in the discourse on the perceptions of education as socialisation and development of society as economic growth, therefore they would consider education good, if individuals were formed in accordance with the requirements of the business coalition, with no opportunities to choose the learning area, provision of knowledge of exact sciences, digital literacy and entrepreneurship required for economic growth rates, training the capacity to sell skills, instilling values and behavioural models for taking care of oneself, so that young people would as soon as possible be able to become the quality “human capital” creating added value, while the education system and policy would serve business and industrial development. This discourse coalition uses pervading economic criteria in assessing the intellectual resources and processes of education, and educational outcomes, and would use these criteria for modelling further direction of teaching individuals and developing education.
Individual participants of discourse who by their occupation belong to the business coalition are guided by the perception of the development of society as long-term sustainable progress, i.e. they assess not only economic growth, but also the distribution of goods resulting from sustainable progress and the stability of progress. Although individual approaches do not represent a strong position in assessing education, their concepts serve the basis for raising the problem of equality of income and opportunities in society, which has a significant impact on educational outcomes: income inequality causes inequality of opportunities due to which some part of the youth is socially marginalised or is forced to emigrate.
The discourse coalition of philosophers, sociologists, and psychologists relies on the perception of education as empowerment of an individual and as personal liberation, development of society as increasing choice opportunities and the process of revealing the capacity to form the world. Approaches of this coalition focus on the humanist relationship with the growing individual as the perspective of the nation, on a human being nurtured on the humanist level as a civic, thinking, creative and democratic individual, on the cognition of the world as an intrinsic value and as the way to search for intelligence, on knowledge which serves values, and also on many other values which essentially represent the provisions of educational policies adhered to in Lithuania in the second decade of the 21st century.
Tensions between the provisions modelled in education and the understanding of the role of education in society, assessment of the condition of education, and further direction in which education should develop during the period researched by groups implementing education policy and different groups of society occur due to conflicting theoretical concepts, on which individual groups of society rely.Straipsnyje tęsiama Lietuvos švietimo modeliuotos krypties ir konteksto įtampų problemos XXI a. antrojo dešimtmečio Lietuvos švietimo raidos etape analizė. Pasirinktas aspektas – švietimo dokumentuose deklaruotos transformacinės švietimo paskirties galimybė klostantis nepalankiam visuomenės socialinių grupių švietimo vertinimui. Pagrindinis tyrimo klausimas – kodėl tarp deklaruotos švietimo transformacinės paskirties ir švietimo raidos konteksto klostosi įtampos. Daroma prielaida, kad problemos priežastys atsiranda ryškėjant konfliktui tarp švietimo dokumentuose įvardytos transformacinės paskirties ir visuomenėje besiklostančių prieštaringų požiūrių į švietimo paskirtį, būklę, raidos perspektyvas. Remiamasi kokybinio dokumentinio tyrimo metodologine prieiga: analizuojami tikslingai pasirinkti švietimo diskurso dokumentiniai šaltiniai. Duomenų analizės metodas – kokybinės turinio analizės dedukcinė versija. Prieinama išvada, kad apibrėžtu švietimo raidos laikotarpiu tarp deklaruotos švietimo transformacinės paskirties ir švietimo konteksto įtampos gali klostytis dėl skirtingas galias ir išteklius, skirtingus ginamus požiūrius ir besiskiriančias švietimo paskirties, visuomenės plėtros sampratas turinčių suinteresuotųjų grupių pastangų daryti įtaką švietimo politikai, švietimo raidai
Politikos krypčių, vadovėlių ir ugdymo turinio apribojimai integruojant literatūrą į kalbų mokymą(si): anglų, kaip užsienio kalbos, mokytojų iš Rusijos požiūris
No full textEmploying a qualitative design, this exploratory study examined the challenges and constraints encountered by foreign language teachers in Russia when using literature in their lessons in primary, secondary and tertiary education. Consisting of interviews with nine Russian EFL teachers, the study’s findings indicate that education policies, a strong focus on standardized testing, poor quality textbooks, and a lack of institutional support are not only hindering a wider adoption of literary texts as a language resource, but are also likely hampering language learning in students. The study presents policymakers, as well as school and university administrators, with insights into the structural issues that might be preventing foreign language teachers from more effectively integrating literature into their lessons, and offers recommendations that could help them to formulate policies and strategies that address these issues.Šis tyrimas paremtas nepublikuotais apklausos duomenimis, kuriuos autorius (2018) surinko tirdamas 140-ies Rusijos anglų kalbos mokytojų požiūrį į literatūrą kaip į kalbos mokymo(si) šaltinį. Remiantis pusiau struktūriniu interviu, išsamiai nagrinėjami konkretūs iššūkiai ir suvaržymai, kuriuos patiria Rusijos anglų kalbos mokytojai pagrindinėje, vidurinėje ir aukštojoje ugdymo pakopose, kai įtraukia literatūrą į savo pamokas (Rusijos švietimo ministerijai rekomenduojant). Šiam tyrimui buvo apklausti devyni Rusijos anglų kalbos mokytojai iš Maskvos mokyklų ir universitetų, su jais buvo susisiekta elektroniniu būdu per atitinkamus jų institucijų administracinius padalinius. Interviu duomenys patvirtino apklausos duomenis, susijusius su iššūkiais ir apribojimais, kuriuos patiria mokytojai, ir nuodugniau atskleidė šių apribojimų pobūdį. Devyni mokytojai ugdymo turinio reikalavimus, nuostatą gerai parengti mokinius standartizuotiems testams, žemos kokybės užsienio kalbos mokomąją medžiagą ir nepakankamą jų institucijų skatinimą įvardino kaip ribojančius jų gebėjimą efektyviai įtraukti literatūros komponentą į užsienio kalbos pamokas. Šis tyrimas yra reikšmingas, nes tai yra vienas iš nedaugelio tyrimų, kurie leidžia išsamiai išnagrinėti apribojimus, su kuriais susiduria anglų kalbos mokytojai Rusijoje, norėdami įtraukti literatūrą į savo pamokas; straipsnyje taip pat pateikiamos rekomendacijos, kaip įveikti šiuos apribojimus. Siekiama skatinti geresnį institucijų ir mokytojų bendradarbiavimą kuriant ir įgyvendinant užsienio kalbų ugdymo politiką, taip pat kuriant mokytojų rengimo programas, kurių tikslas – plėsti užsienio kalbų mokymo įvairovę ir perteikti visapusiškesnę kalbos mokymosi patirtį asmenims, besimokantiems pagrindinėje, vidurinėje ir aukštojoje ugdymo pakopose
Aplinkosaugos valdymo sertifikavimas: socialinė ir ekonominė stebėsena
No full textModern ecological issues determine the necessity of new approaches to the implementation of production cycle, which determines the relevance of developing environmental management. The aim of the research is social and economic monitoring and recommendations on the design and implementation of the environmental management system in Ukraine. Research methodology: review of scientific articles (1991–2018), statistics on the number of certificates ISO 14001, GDP dynamics in Ukraine, study of Georgia and EU countries (2006–2016) and comparative analysis based on their correlation. Main research results: the economic and social impact of GDP growth per capita on the number of ecological certificates has been determined using the interpretation of Kuznets curve. In order to stimulate the development of the systems of environmental management certification in Ukraine, it is suggested to use: concessional loans, development of non-formal ecological education, as well as innovation and improvement of the investment policy.Šiuolaikinės aplinkosaugos problemos reikalauja, kad būtų diegiami nauji verslo procesų požiūriai, o tai lemia aplinkos valdymo plėtros svarbą. Tyrimo tikslas – socialinė-ekonominė stebėsena ir rekomendacijų dėl aplinkosaugos vadybos sistemų įgyvendinimo Ukrainoje kūrimas. Tyrimo metodika: mokslinės literatūros (1991–2018 m.) analizė, statistiniai duomenys apie ISO 14001 sertifikatų skaičių, BVP dinamikos tyrimas Ukrainoje, Gruzijoje ir ES šalyse 2006–2016 m. ir pagaljį – koreliacinė duomenų analizė. Pagrindiniai rezultatai: naudojant Kuznetso kreivės interpretaciją, nustatytas ekonominio ir socialinio BVP vienam gyventojui augimo poveikis aplinkosaugos sertifikatų skaičiui. Siekiant skatinti aplinkosaugos vadybos sertifikavimo sistemą Ukrainoje, siūloma naudoti: lengvatines paskolas, neformalųjį ekologinio švietimo plėtotę, inovacijų ir investicijų politikos tobulinimą
RUSIJOS PREKYBOS DRAUDIMŲ POVEIKIS LIETUVOS KIAULININKYSTĖS SEKTORIUI
No full textOver the last decade Lithuanian pork sector faced dramatic changes, where trade relations with Russia had an important role. The research aims at estimating the effects of the trade ban imposed by Russia on Lithuanian pork sector caused by the outbreak of the swine fever. The aim is achieved by analyzing the transmission of price changes between Lithuanian and Russian pork markets by using the Autoregressive Distributed Lag Model (ARDL). The results indicate significant decrease in transmission of price changes, both in short- and long-run, from Lithuanian pig prices towards Russian domestic prices during the ‘2011 ban’ regime and further worsening of the situation during ‘2014 ban’ regime that was mainly caused by the isolation of the Russian market and lack of export diversification strategy from the Lithuanian side
Henriko Nagio dialogai su lietuvių egzodo poetų „Nužemintųjų generacija“
Get PDFThe poet of Lithuanian post-war exile in Canada, a member of the Žemininkai group Henrikas Nagys (1920-1996) was a controversial personality; until the 1960s he participated in the congresses of diaspora liberal intellectuals, introduced the aesthetics of Western Modernism and Existentialism to the younger audience. On the other hand, he emphasized the importance of linguocentric patriotism and the poet’s responsibility in the face of history. Nagys’ sister Liūnė Sutema and his friend Algimantas Mackus belonged to the later generation of Lithuanian exiles who directly experienced the crisis of identity and preferred the freedom of individual expression to declarations of collective solidarity. “The generation of outsiders” paid much attention to the mythological dimension of language, motives of folklore, a pessimist view of diaspora’s future, and catastrophist presentiments of history breaking in two. Conservative strategies of culture were essential to Nagys: he stressed the imperatives of memory-awakening, the intellectual mobilization of community, and the canonization of literary heroes.Žemininkų kartos Kanadoje gyvenęs lietuvių poetas Henrikas Nagys buvo polemiška asmenybė. Iki pat septinto dešimtmečio jis aktyviai dalyvavo liberaliųjų diasporos intelektualų suvažiavimuose, supažindino jaunąją auditoriją su Vakarų modernizmo ir egzistencializmo estetika, kartu pabrėždamas lingvocentrinio patriotizmo svarbą, poeto atsakomybę prieš tautą ir istoriją. Nagio sesuo Liūnė Sutema ir jo draugas Algimantas Mackus priklausė vėlesnei lietuvių išeivių kartai, kuri tiesiogiai susidūrė su tapatybės krize, pirmenybę teikė individualios išraiškos laisvei, o ne kolektyvinėms solidarumo deklaracijoms. „Nužemintųjų generacija“ išsiskyrė dėmesiu kalbos mitologinei dimensijai, folkloriniais motyvais, pesimistiniu požiūriu į diasporos ateitį, istorijos pertrūkio, atominės katastrofos nuojautomis. Nagiui buvo svarbios konservatyviosios kultūros strategijos – atminties žadinimas, bendruomenės intelektualinė mobilizacija, literatūrinių herojų kanonizacija
Kazio Almeno svarstymai apie Lietuvą už geležinės uždangos ir jų atspindžiai Donato Vėbros nuotykiuose
Get PDFThe article discusses the deliberations of Kazys Almenas about Lithuania behind the Iron Curtain. In his life, the engineer Kazys Almenas traveled to occupied Lithuania, and he recorded what he experienced there during his travels in memoirs. These experiences helped as material for detective novels, of which Kazys Almenas wrote four, featuring the policeman Donatas Vėbra as the main character. Futhermore, time in the novels coincided mainly with Soviet times. Thus Kazys Almenas’s memoirs as a main source of ideas were compared with tiese detective novels. In his deliberations he discerned, in Lithuanian society, not only examples of what the poet Czesław Miłosz called the idea of ketman, but also echoes of thoughts by the political thinker Aleksandras Štromas and the philosopher Hannah Arendt. One of the main challenges facing Kazys Almenas as a writer seeking to understand his characters is the double identity of individuals that was imposed on them by the Soviet regime. Therefore, he thought, people must relinquish their double identity in order to be enabled to become free.Straipsnyje siekiama aptarti rašytojo Kazio Almeno svarstymus apie Lietuvą už geležinės uždangos. Per savo gyvenimą Almenas nekart keliavo į okupuotą Lietuvą ir tuos įspūdžius fiksavo atsiminimuose. Apie sovietmetį jis parašė keturis detektyvinius romanus, kurių pagrindinis veikėjas – milicininkas Donatas Vėbra. Šiame straipsnyje Almeno kelionių atsiminimai lyginami su jo detektyviniais romanais. Jo sukurtose istorijose galima pastebėti Česlovo Milošo ketmano idėjos pavyzdžių ar politinės teorijos mąstytojo Aleksandro Štromo, taip pat ir filosofės Hannah Arendt minčių atgarsių. Pagrindinis iššūkis, pasak rašytojo Almeno, yra dvilypė tapatybė, primesta režimo. Tad visuomenė privalo atmesti dvilypę tapatybę, tik taip žmogus gali tapti laisvesnis
Lietuvos studentų emigracinės nuostatos: struktūra ir kaita 2003–2017 m.
Get PDFProblem of emigration of young citizens of Lithuania who pursue higher education is analyzed in the present article. The aim is to reveal attitudes of academic young people and their intentions to leave the country as well as approach to the emigration and changes of the said approach in 2003, 2007, and 2017.
Students from various Lithuanian universities and colleges who in the questionnaire indicated as being Lithuanians participated in the study. Attitude towards emigration study was performed using a closed type, anonymous questionnaire of fifteen items, which has been developed by the authors of the present article. Using factor validation statements that reflect attitudes were extracted into three subscales that were conditionally labeled as Rational, Cosmopolitan, and Ethnocentric attitude towards emigration.
The performed quantitative analysis results have revealed that assessments of emigration attitudes in the first, the second, and the third study differ significantly. It has been established that rational attitude was weakening and later strengthening, the ethnocentric attitude, conversely, was strengthening and later weakening while the cosmopolitan attitude was continuously weakening.
Student statistical types by the emigration attitude subscales and their spread in each study have been revealed. After having performed three measurements, the same, but slightly differently spread student statistical types have been determined – mobile cosmopolitan and settled ethnocentric.
It has been determined that demographic indexes affect student cosmopolitan attitudes the most and rational attitudes the least, but effect of demographic factors is not systemic.Negatyvių Lietuvos demografinių pokyčių kontekste įgijusio aukštąjį išsilavinimą jaunimo emigracija tampa ypač grėsmingu reiškiniu. Atliktas tyrimas atskleidžia studentų nuostatų dėl emigracijos struktūrą, pagrindines priežastis, verčiančias jaunimą išvykti, požiūrį į legalią ir nelegalią emigraciją ir emigracinių nuostatų pokyčius 2003, 2008 ir 2017 metais. Gauti rezultatai išryškina kai kurių socialinių-demografinių veiksnių svarbą emigracinių nuostatų raiškai
The 7th international continuous scientific-practical conference: “Worldfor a Child: Education Realities and Prospects”
No full textOn 19th of April, 2018 the 7th continuous scientific-practical conference: “World for a Child: Education Realities and Prospects” was held in Lithuanian University of Educational Sciences where researchers and practitioners analysed the changes of the conception of child hood in historical and cultural contexts, innovative aspects of curriculum content and didactics, digital technologies enriching the educational process, new media, STEAM activities and the education of a new generation of teachers
Verbalinės ir vizualios informacijos pritaikymas kurtiesiems mokiniams sprendžiant tekstinius uždavinius III klasėje
Get PDFThe scientific studies have shown that deaf students in comparison to their hearing peers find mathematical word tasks much more difficult to solve. Following this finding, in our article we are discussing how Lithuanian oral/written and Sign languages (LSL) supported by illustrations might assist deaf students solving mathematical word problems.
The analytical part of this article is based on results from a small field survey – deaf students were asked to take math word problems followed by discussions with the same students (performed in LSL) about their (un)success. The following methods have been applied: instrumental case study, written survey, observation, and qualitative content analysis. Due to the specifics of schools for deaf children we have chosen a small sample group consisting of six deaf 3rd grade students.
Study results show that it was quite difficult for deaf students to understand what exactly the mathematical word problem has been asking for. This observation leads to the assumption that it would be useful making wording of math problems shorter and at the same time more friendly to the mindset of the deaf students. On top of that, the wording and written language constructions used in mathematical word tasks should be at the level of overall language comprehension of deaf students at that age level. This approach would lead to more rational teaching strategies to be used for deaf students - enabling them to recognize the key message in the task by separating it from the less important secondary information. The results also show that deaf students very rarely use illustrations as a supporting tool while resolving mathematical word tasks (though it might be some exceptions if students are asked to solve tasks that are more complex). This observation supports the idea, that it would be useful to apply proper illustrations helping to enhance the understanding and strengthen the ability to overcome the low comprehension of verbal information. In that case, the key objective in teaching deaf students would be in how to extract the required mathematical information from the illustrations presented and connect it with the word task itself. It has been noticed also that deaf students usually ask for help and support in Lithuanian Sign language. This underlines the importance of having the teacher able to communicate in their preferable way (using LSL) on a constant basis.Straipsnyje aptariama lietuviško rašytinio teksto, uždavinio iliustracijų ir lietuvių gestų kalbos pritaikymo kurtiesiems mokiniams sprendžiant tekstinius uždavinius specifika. Nagrinėta mokinių tekstinių uždavinių sprendimo rezultatai ir pokalbių apie sprendimą medžiaga, surinkta vartojant gestų kalbą. Įvardytos verbalinės informacijos supratimo sunkumų neutralizavimo ir vizualios informacijos taikymo praplėtimo galimybės