e-Journal Persatuan Dokter Gigi Indonesia (PDGI)
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Relationship Between Height and Skeletal Malocclusion Type Using Steiner Analysis in The Banjar Ethnic Group: Cross Sectional Study
Full text linkIntroduction: Indonesia is a country rich in ethnic diversity. Each tribe has characteristics that differ from other tribes. One of these differences lies in height, which is composed of long bones. The growth of long bones is the result of the ossification of cartilage located at the distal end. One of the long bones found in the craniofacial area is the mandible. The lateral cephalometric X-ray photos with Steiner analysis reveal the mandible's significant role in determining the type of skeletal malocclusion. Objective: This study aims to analyze the relationship between height and skeletal malocclusion type using Steiner analysis in the Banjar ethnic group. Methods: This research is a correlational analytical study with a cross-sectional design. The sample consisted of 62 Banjar students aged 15–18 years, selected using the purposive sampling technique. Height was measured using a microtoise and converted into a Height-for-Age Z-score (HAZ) based on WHO standards. Skeletal relationships were determined through Steiner analysis on lateral cephalometry using the SNA, SNB, and ANB angular parameters. Statistical analysis was performed using the chi-square test and Spearman's correlation test with a significance level of α=0.05. Results: Most samples had below-normal height, above-normal SNA, normal SNB, and above-normal ANB. The results of the Spearman's correlation analysis showed a significance value of 0.446. Conclusion: Most subjects had heights categorized as below normal based on the WHO Height-for-Age Z-score (HAZ), and the most common skeletal pattern found was Class II skeletal malocclusion with a tendency toward maxillary protrusion and mandibular position still within normal limits according to the SNA and SNB parameters. The results of the Spearman correlation test showed a significance value of 0.446 (p > 0.05), so it can be concluded that there is no statistically significant relationship between height and the type of skeletal malocclusion in Banjar adolescents aged 15–18 years. Height cannot be used as an indicator to predict the type of skeletal malocclusion in the study population. Keywords: Steiner analysis, lateral cephalometry, Banjar tribe, body height, skeletal malocclusion type
Oral Pseudomembrane Kandidiasis in Nasopharynx Cancer - A Case Report
No full textIntroduction. Nasopharyngeal cancer (NPC) is a malignant condition of the nasopharynx. The cancer therapy given is usually radiotherapy (RT), chemotherapy (CT), or a combination of RT and CT. Cancer therapy and poor oral hygiene can lead to susceptibility to fungal infections, one of which is pseudomembranous kandidiasis (thrush). The aim of this report was to present oral pseudomembrane kandidiasis patient with nasopharynx cancer. Case report. A 52-year-old female patient was referred to the hospital's dental clinic with complaints of a white coating on the inside of her cheeks, roof of the mouth, and tongue since ± 1 week ago. The patient feels pain when swallowing and discomfort when opening the mouth. The results of clinical and supporting examinations showed that the patient was diagnosed with oral pseudomembranous kandidiasis. The patient was treated using nystatin drop and chlorhexidine gluconate 0.2% Conclusion. The NPC patient in this case was diagnosed with pseudomembranous kandidiasis (thrush) caused by Candida albicans. Early management of cases of pseudomembranous kandidiasis in NPC patients was very important so that the lesion would not disrupt the general condition of the patient as a whole. Collaboration and coordination from various specialist divisions were needed
Denture Stomatitis with Diabetes Mellitus and Anemia: A Case Report
No full textIntroduction: Denture stomatitis (DS) is a common problem among denture wearers. It usually appears as redness or inflammation of the oral mucosa that encounters the denture base. The causes are often not limited to one factor. Poor denture hygiene, wearing dentures continuously, and ill-fitting dentures are common triggers. However, systemic conditions such as diabetes mellitus can also play a major role by reducing the body’s ability to fight infection. Case Report: A 54-year-old woman presented to the Dental Hospital at Universitas Syiah Kuala with complaints of redness on the hard palate. She mentioned that her denture had become loose and often fell out when she talked or chewed food. Intraoral examination revealed diffuse erythematous, measuring >2 cm, red in color, number 2 (bilateral), irregular edges, located on the hard palate. Atrophic lesions, flat, measuring ±3x5cm, red in color, multiple, with diffuse borders and irregular edges, located on the dorsal surface of the tongue. Blood examination revealed elevated blood glucose and HbA1c levels, along with low hemoglobin, hematocrit, Mean Corpuscular Volume (MCV), and Mean Corpuscular Hemoglobin (MCH) values. Based on the patient’s history, clinical features, and laboratory results, the case was diagnosed as denture stomatitis type II (Newton’s classification) associated with diabetes mellitus and mild anemia. The patient was treated with Nystatin oral suspension and Chlorhexidine Gluconate 0.2%, blood glucose control and improved nutrition were emphasized to support the healing process and enhance systemic health. In addition, the patient was advised to adjust the denture. Conclusion: Management of this condition must be comprehensive, starting with proper diagnosis of the causative and risk factors, then directing treatment to the most significant factors specific to the patient
Analysis of ameloblastic fibroma lesion on panoramic radiograph: a case report
No full textObjectives: This case report aims to present a case of ameloblastic fibroma, an odontogenic tumor, and to describe its characteristic radiographic features as observed on a panoramic radiograph.
Case Report: A 28-year-old woman presented to the RSGM FKG Unpad with a referral for evaluation of a jaw swelling. According to the patient’s medical history, the swelling had gradually appeared over the past two years. While it was not painful, it caused discomfort, prompting her to seek medical attention. Upon examination, the lesion was found in the posterior region of the mandible, and further diagnostic imaging was recommended to determine the extent and nature of the lesion. Ameloblastic fibroma of the jaw is a benign, relatively rare, mixed odontogenic tumor whose epithelial and mesenchymal components are neoplastic. This tumor is usually diagnosed in the first and second decades of life (72.4%), when odontogenesis has been completed (80% of cases), and mainly affects the mandible. In this case, the lesion was diagnosed in the second decade of life, and occurred in the posterior region of the mandible.
Conclusion: Ameloblastic fibroma is a benign odontogenic mixed tumor, although rarely ameloblastic fibroma can recur and develop into malignancy. The aim of this case report is to analyze the radiographic appearance of the lesion with information from the history and clinical signs to establish a correct radiodiagnosis
A case report of odontogenic cyst by CBCT analysis: a calcifying odontogenic cyst or dentigerous cyst?
No full textObjectives: Odontogenic cysts are pathologic cavities filled with fluid originating from the odontogenic epithelium remnants forming teeth. Dentigerous and calcifying odontogenic cysts are examples of cysts that form during development. Based on how they form, they are one type of odontogenic cyst. Many lesions have similar characteristics, making it challenging to differentiate them.
Case Report: An oral surgeon referred a 19-year-old male patient for a CBCT radiographic examination of the maxilla, which revealed a dentigerous cyst in the patient's clinical report. The patient's overall health was delicate. An intraoral examination revealed no edema, symmetrical, painless facial structure, and no clinical signs of periodontal disease nor dental caries. A panoramic radiograph showed a multilocular, well-defined, and corticated radiolucent lesion that made teeth 11–12 and 21–23 shifted.
Conclusion: Clinical and imaging variables play essential roles in the diagnosis and differential diagnosis of odontogenic cysts. CBCT radiography could be a suitable modality for diagnosing odontogenic cysts, although histopathology is the gold standard for a definitive diagnosis
Post biopsy evaluation of mucoepidermoid carcinoma excision on maxillary using CBCT: a case report
No full textObjectives: The purpose of this case study is to report the postoperative evaluation of a case of Mucoepidermoid Carcinoma occurring in the maxilla using CBCT.
Case Report: A 44-year-old woman came to the Dental Radiology Installation of the Padjadjaran University Dental and Oral Hospital with complaints of swelling in the right maxillary region since 1 year ago accompanied by pain and could not open her mouth. The patient brought a referral letter for CBCT photos with a clinical diagnosis of Maxillary Tumour Dextra Post Biopsy Excision in the Maxillary Dextra region with HPA Mucoepidermoid Carcinoma a.r Maxillary Dextra. CBCT results showed tooth loss in areas 16, 17, and 18 accompanied by trabeculae loss at the posterior alveolar process support and partial bone thinning at the maxillary tuberosity. The loss of some hard tissue was likely part of the tissue taken for biopsy. The average density in these areas was ± 49 HU.
Conclusion: Lesions can be analysed using qualitative and quantitative methods with 3D CBCT
Interplay of Stress and Gastroesophageal Reflux Disease: A Case Study of Recurrent Aphthous Stomatitis
No full textBackground Recurrent Aphthous Stomatitis (RAS) is a common and painful oral mucosal condition characterized by recurrent ulcerations. While its exact aetiology remains multifactorial and not fully understood, predisposing factors such as psychological stress and systemic conditions like Gastroesophageal Reflux Disease (GERD) have been implicated in its recurrence and severity. This case report explores the clinical course and multidisciplinary management of RAS in a patient with underlying GERD and elevated stress levels. Case report A 24-year-old female presented with recurrent, painful oral ulcers, primarily occurring before menstruation. The patient also had a medical history of GERD and reported high stress levels due to a demanding lifestyle. Clinical examination revealed minor aphthous ulcers on the buccal mucosa, while laboratory findings were within normal references. Management involved a comprehensive therapeutic plan that included topical anti-inflammatory and antiseptic agents, multivitamins, improved oral hygiene practices, dietary modification, and stress reduction through regular exercise. Significant clinical improvement was observed following treatment. Conclusion: This case highlights the importance of a holistic, patient-centred approach in managing RAS, especially when systemic conditions such as GERD and behavioural factors like stress are involved. Long-term monitoring and interprofessional collaboration are essential for sustained remission and improved quality of life
Efek Penambahan Sodium Hypochlorite Terhadap Kekuatan Tekan Dental Stone: The Effect of Adding Sodium Hypochlorite to the Compressive Strength of Dental Stone
No full textCross infection is the transfer of microorganisms that can occur from individual to individual or an object. COVID 19 is an infectious disease that can cause cross-infection in dentistry. One example is making a working model of gypsum material which can cause cross-infection from patients to dentists or technicians, so it is necessary to control infection by mixing sodium hypochlorite disinfectant solution into type III gypsum material (dental stone). This study aims to determine the effect of sodium hypochlorite disinfectant solution on the compressive strength of dental stones. The reduction in the compressive strength of type III gypsum mixed with sodium hypochlorite can be associated with a reduction in cohesion between crystals which may also affect the ability of the crystals to interlock, causing improper braiding and a reduction in cohesion between the crystals themselves and the presence of changes. which arises due to the formation of salts with low solubility when in large concentrations so that it can change the crystallization nucleus and consequently can affect the product properties of gypsum, this occurs due to the administration of sodium hypochlorite disinfectant solution with high concentrations so that it can significantly reduce the strength press on gypsum type III (dental stone) Sodium hypochlorite solution is not recommended to be used with the mixing technique because it can reduce the compressive strength of type III gypsum material (dental stone) and a good concentration of sodium hypochlorite is 3%
Indonesian School Students’ Knowledge After Online Dental Health Education: A Scoping Review
No full textOne way to prevent dental health problems is through Dental Health Education (DHE). Elementary, junior, and senior high school students are ideal participants for DHE, and it is expected that their knowledge will increase after receiving DHE. During the COVID-19 pandemic, DHE has adapted its traditional offline to online method using various educational media. This review aimed to identify the theoretical overview presented in the literature regarding Indonesian school students' knowledge after online DHE. Article searches by Google Scholar database and focusing on students' knowledge after online DHE. Selected articles were screened and structurally read by two persons. In this research, 853 articles identified. Subsequently, articles filtered and presented in a data extraction table with three categories: elementary, junior, and senior high school. There were 30 included articles: elementary school (n=18), junior high school (n=9), and senior high school students (n=3). In each inclusion article, the students' knowledge increased after online DHE, as evidenced by the rise in mean scores from pretest to posttest with significant test (p<0.05), if present. Dental health education media varied by level: elementary school = educational video, junior high school = Zoom Meetings, and senior high school = Instagram. In conclusion, the students' knowledge after online dental health education has increased through various media