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Avrupa Birliğine girme sürecinde Türkiye’de bankacılığın Halkbank üzerinden incelenmesi
No full textThis work is a student project of the Department of History, Faculty of Economics, Administrative and Social Sciences, İhsan Doğramacı Bilkent University.The History of Turkey course (HIST200) is a requirement for all Bilkent undergraduates. It is designed to encourage students to work in groups on projects concerning any topic of their choice that relates to the history of Turkey. It is designed as an interactive course with an emphasis on research and the objective of investigating events, chronologically short historical periods, as well as historic representations. Students from all departments prepare and present final projects for examination by a committee, with 10 projects chosen to receive awards.Ankara : İhsan Doğramacı Bilkent Üniversitesi İktisadi, İdari ve Sosyal Bilimler Fakültesi, Tarih Bölümü, 2025.Includes bibliographical references (pages 23-24).Bu çalışma, Türkiye’nin Avrupa Birliği’ne (AB) üyelik sürecini bankacılık
sektörü üzerinden incelemektedir. Türkiye, Avrupa ile bütünleşme hedefi
doğrultusunda siyasi ve ekonomik sistemlerini yeniden yapılandırmaya
yönelmiştir. Bu açıdan bankacılık sektörü, AB’ye uyum sürecinde reformların
belirgin olduğu alanlardan biri olmuş ve uluslararası standartlara uyum sağlama,
mali yapı, rekabetçi yapı oluşturma hedefleri ön plana çıkmıştır. Çalışmanın
merkezinde, Türkiye’de kamu bankacılığının Avrupa Birliği ile hangi ölçüde
örtüştüğü ve bu dönüşümün Halkbank özelinde nasıl şekillendiği yer almaktadır.
Türkiye-AB ilişkilerinin tarihsel gelişimi ve AB’nin ekonomik kriterleri
doğrultusunda şekil alan reformlar, kamu bankalarının yeniden
düzenlendirilmesini zorunlu kılmıştır. Özellikle 2001 krizi sonrasında hız
kazanmış olan dönüşüm süreciyle, Halkbank’ın atmış olduğu adımlar dikkat
çekmektedir. Çalışma, Türkiye ile Avrupa Birliği finansal sistemlerinin
karşılaştırmalarına yer vererek, kamu ve özel bankacılık yapılarının ilerleyişini
değerlendirmektedir. Belgeler, raporlar, ve verilere dayalı olarak yapılan bu analiz,
Halkbank’ın dönüşümünü ortaya koymaktadır. Ayrıca röportaj aracılığıyla kamu
bankacılığındaki fikir değişimi de değerlendirilmiş, AB ile kurumsal uyumun
kültürel boyutu da gösterilmiştir. Sonuç olarak, AB üyelik süreci Türkiye için dış
politika hedeflerinin yanı sıra ekonomik değişimin de öncüsü olmuştur. Halkbank
örneği, kamu bankalarının nasıl yapılandırıldığını ve AB uyumu çerçevesinde
hangi stratejilerin benimsediğini görmek açısından bir model sunmaktadır.This study examines Turkey's registration process to the European Union (EU) through
the banking sector. Turkey has moved towards rebalancing its political and economic systems
with the speed of its integration with Europe. In this respect, the banking sector has been one
of the areas where reforms were evident in the EU harmonization process. The goal of
achieving internationally divided harmonization, financial structure, and creating a cell
structure has emerged in the foreground. The center of the study is to what extent public
banking in Türkiye overlaps with the European Union and how this use has taken shape
specifically for Halkbank. The development of Turkey-EU relations, the reforms that bring the
EU's economic criteria table, and the reorganization of public banks are mandatory. The steps
taken by Halkbank are emphasized, especially with the transformation process that gained
momentum after the 2001 crisis. The study evaluates the progress of public and private banking
structures by including comparisons of Turkey's and the European Union's financial returns.
Based on documents, reports, and data, this analysis reveals Halkbank's growth. In addition,
the change of opinion in public banking has been evaluated, and an interview has been
conducted on the cultural dimensions and characteristics of institutional harmonization with
the EU. As a result, the EU accession process has supported economic change and foreign
policy goals for Türkiye. The Halkbank example explains how public banks are structured and
what strategies EU-compatible frameworks adopt.by Erdinç Ofl
1994 ekonomik krizinin oluşturduğu sosyo-ekonomik durumun kamuoyu ve halk üzerindeki etkileri
No full textThis work is a student project of the Department of History, Faculty of Economics, Administrative and Social Sciences, İhsan Doğramacı Bilkent University.The History of Turkey course (HIST200) is a requirement for all Bilkent undergraduates. It is designed to encourage students to work in groups on projects concerning any topic of their choice that relates to the history of Turkey. It is designed as an interactive course with an emphasis on research and the objective of investigating events, chronologically short historical periods, as well as historic representations. Students from all departments prepare and present final projects for examination by a committee, with 10 projects chosen to receive awards.Ankara : İhsan Doğramacı Bilkent Üniversitesi İktisadi, İdari ve Sosyal Bilimler Fakültesi, Tarih Bölümü, 2025.Includes bibliographical references (pages 22-24).1994 Türkiye Ekonomik Krizi toplumun geniş kesimlerinde yarattığı sosyo-ekonomik etkilerle de dikkat çeken çok boyutlu bir krizdir. Bu çalışma, krizin halk üzerindeki doğrudan ve dolaylı etkilerini merkeze alarak; kriz öncesi yapısal kırılganlıkları, kriz sürecinde yaşanan ekonomik ve toplumsal dönüşümleri ve kriz sonrasında ortaya çıkan kalıcı değişimleri analiz etmektedir. Kamu harcamalarındaki artış, dışa bağımlı büyüme modeli ve siyasi istikrarsızlık gibi etkenlerle şekillenen kriz ortamı, özellikle dar ve sabit gelirli kesimleri derinden etkilemiş; işsizlik, enflasyon ve gelir kaybı gibi sorunlar halkın yaşam standartlarını önemli ölçüde düşürmüştür. Medya temsilinden tasarruf eğilimlerine, tüketim kalıplarından güven ilişkilerine kadar birçok toplumsal dinamik bu süreçten etkilenmiştir. Çalışma, krizin yalnızca ekonomik değil, aynı zamanda toplumsal bağlamda da çözülmelere neden olduğunu; devlet-halk ilişkilerinde güven erozyonu yarattığını ve bireylerin ekonomik sisteme karşı tutumlarını yeniden şekillendirdiğini ortaya koymaktadır. Sonuç olarak, 1994 Krizi'nin Türkiye toplumu üzerindeki etkileri, yapısal reformların ve kriz yönetiminin halk düzeyinde nasıl karşılık bulduğuna dair önemli bir örnek teşkil etmektedir.The 1994 Economic Crisis in Turkey is a multifaceted event that drew attention due to its socio economic impacts on wide segments of society. This study focuses on the direct and indirect effects of the crisis on the public, analyzing the structural vulnerabilities prior to the crisis, the economic and social transformations during the crisis, and the lasting changes that emerged in its aftermath. Shaped by factors such as increased public spending, an externally dependent growth model, and political instability, the crisis environment deeply affected low- and fixed income groups, leading to unemployment, inflation, and income loss, which significantly lowered living standards. Numerous social dynamics—from media representation to saving behaviors, consumption patterns to trust relations—were influenced throughout this process. The study reveals that the crisis triggered not only economic but also social disintegration, causing a deterioration of trust in state-society relations and reshaping individuals’ attitudes toward the economic system. Ultimately, the impact of the 1994 Crisis on Turkish society serves as a significant example of how structural reforms and crisis management are perceived and experienced at the public level.by İrfan Erta
Tezer Özlü’nün edebi isyanı
No full textThis work is a student project of the Department of History, Faculty of Economics, Administrative and Social Sciences, İhsan Doğramacı Bilkent University.The History of Turkey course (HIST200) is a requirement for all Bilkent undergraduates. It is designed to encourage students to work in groups on projects concerning any topic of their choice that relates to the history of Turkey. It is designed as an interactive course with an emphasis on research and the objective of investigating events, chronologically short historical periods, as well as historic representations. Students from all departments prepare and present final projects for examination by a committee, with 10 projects chosen to receive awards.Ankara : İhsan Doğramacı Bilkent Üniversitesi İktisadi, İdari ve Sosyal Bilimler Fakültesi, Tarih Bölümü, 2025.Includes bibliographical references (pages 21-22).Bu araştırma, Türkiye’de feminizmin gelişimi ile Tezer Özlü’nün yazınında ortaya koyduğu edebi isyan arasındaki ilişkiyi incelemektedir. Özlü, eserlerinde kadın kimliğine yönelik toplumsal baskıları, bireysel yabancılaşmayı ve özgürleşme arzusunu varoluşçu bir bakış açısıyla işler. Yazınsal direnişi, feminist bir mücadele biçimi olarak ele alınmakta; bu bağlamda 1970–1990 yılları arasındaki feminist hareketle kurduğu olası ilişkiler değerlendirilmektedir. Özlü’nün karakterleri aracılığıyla kurguladığı edebi isyanın Türkiye’deki kadın hareketiyle kesişim noktaları irdelenmektedir. Bu kapsamda öncelikle Türkiye’de feminizmin tarihsel gelişimi ve Özlü’nün edebi olarak aktif olduğu dönemde kadına yönelik toplumsal bakış açısı ele alınmıştır. Devamında, Özlü’nün kadınlık deneyimine dair yaklaşımı eserleri üzerinden değerlendirilmiştir. Yazma eylemini içsel bir ifade, bir varoluş biçimi ve bir zorunluluk olarak gören Tezer Özlü’nün metinleri, düşünceleri ve yaşadıkları bir bütün olarak incelenmiştir. Son olarak, Özlü’nün Türk edebiyatına ve Türkiye’deki kadın hareketine olan etkisi tartışılmıştır. Bu inceleme kapsamında Özlü’nün Çocukluğun Soğuk Geceleri ve Yaşamın Ucuna Yolculuk eserleri temel metinler olarak kullanılmıştır.This study examines the relationship between the development of feminism in Turkey and the literary rebellion that Tezer Özlü presents in her writing. In her works, Özlü addresses the societal pressures imposed on female identity, individual alienation, and the longing for liberation through an existential lens. Her literary resistance is interpreted as a form of feminist struggle, and its intersections with the feminist movement in Turkey between 1970 and 1990 are explored through her characters and narratives. Within this scope, the study first discusses the historical background of feminism in Turkey and the dominant perceptions of women during the period in which Özlü was actively producing literature. Then, Özlü’s approach to womanhood is analyzed through her major works. As Özlü perceives writing as a tool of self-expression, a mode of existence, and a necessity, her texts, ideas, and life experiences are examined as a unified whole. Finally, the study evaluates Özlü’s contributions to Turkish literature and the feminist movement in Turkey.by Sefa Mustafa Altı
Türkiye'deki bir hazırlık programında yabancı dil olarak İngilizce eğitimi veren öğretim görevlilerinin yapay zekâ benimsemesi üzerine karma yöntemli bir çalışma
No full textCataloged from PDF version of article.Includes bibliographical references (leaves 384-404).This study investigates the adoption of artificial intelligence (AI) by English language instructors in a tertiary bridging program at a Turkish foundation university. It also aims to examine instructors’ perceptions across diverse demographic characteristics to determine whether these may influence AI adoption. Additionally, the study seeks to explore instructors’ in-depth perceptions and experiences of AI adoption in their teaching practices. Using an explanatory sequential mixed-methods design (QUAN → qual), the study first administered a validated online questionnaire, based on Chatterjee & Bhattacharjee’s (2020) AI adoption model, to 51 instructors. Descriptive analysis was used to examine overall trends, while inferential analysis was conducted to investigate whether demographic characteristics influenced AI adoption. This was followed by one semi-structured interview with each of eight participants to gain deeper insights. The most significant findings revealed that instructors were largely positive in their attitudes toward AI adoption, expressing a sense of cautious optimism regarding its use as a tool for their teaching purposes. Overall, demographic factors played a limited role; however, teaching experience and English teaching qualifications were found to significantly impact instructors’ Effort Expectancy. A significant difference was also found between age groups regarding the Facilitating Conditions for AI Use and between English teaching qualifications and Behavioral Intentions. When combined with interview insights, the findings suggest that demographic variables may still hold contextual relevance, possibly informing stakeholders in higher education in facilitating AI adoption in tertiary bridging programs. This could include facilitating resource access, clearly communicating AI policies, and providing focused English teaching.This study investigates the adoption of artificial intelligence (AI) by English language instructors in a tertiary bridging program at a Turkish foundation university. It also aims to examine instructors’ perceptions across diverse demographic characteristics to determine whether these may influence AI adoption. Additionally, the study seeks to explore instructors’ in-depth perceptions and experiences of AI adoption in their teaching practices. Using an explanatory sequential mixed-methods design (QUAN → qual), the study first administered a validated online questionnaire, based on Chatterjee & Bhattacharjee’s (2020) AI adoption model, to 51 instructors. Descriptive analysis was used to examine overall trends, while inferential analysis was conducted to investigate whether demographic characteristics influenced AI adoption. This was followed by one semi-structured interview with each of eight participants to gain deeper insights. The most significant findings revealed that instructors were largely positive in their attitudes toward AI adoption, expressing a sense of cautious optimism regarding its use as a tool for their teaching purposes. Overall, demographic factors played a limited role; however, teaching experience and English teaching qualifications were found to significantly impact instructors’ Effort Expectancy. A significant difference was also found between age groups regarding the Facilitating Conditions for AI Use and between English teaching qualifications and Behavioral Intentions. When combined with interview insights, the findings suggest that demographic variables may still hold contextual relevance, possibly informing stakeholders in higher education in facilitating AI adoption in tertiary bridging programs. This could include facilitating resource access, clearly communicating AI policies, and providing focused English teaching.by Anthony James Scot
Rifat Minare ve Türkiye'de konserve sanayisinin gelişimi
No full textThis work is a student project of the Department of History, Faculty of Economics, Administrative and Social Sciences, İhsan Doğramacı Bilkent University.The History of Turkey course (HIST200) is a requirement for all Bilkent undergraduates. It is designed to encourage students to work in groups on projects concerning any topic of their choice that relates to the history of Turkey. It is designed as an interactive course with an emphasis on research and the objective of investigating events, chronologically short historical periods, as well as historic representations. Students from all departments prepare and present final projects for examination by a committee, with 10 projects chosen to receive awards.Ankara : İhsan Doğramacı Bilkent Üniversitesi İktisadi, İdari ve Sosyal Bilimler Fakültesi, Tarih Bölümü, 2025.Includes bibliographical references (pages 14-15).Bu çalışma, Türkiye’de konserve sanayisinin tarihsel gelişimini Rifat Minare Konserve Fabrikası üzerinden ele almaktadır. Sanayinin Osmanlı’dan Cumhuriyet’e uzanan dönüşümü; devlet politikaları, dış ticaret ve özel girişimler bağlamında incelenmiştir. Gemlik’te kurulan Rifat Minare Fabrikası, yerel ekonomiye ve ulusal düzeyde ülke ekonomisine de katkı sağlamıştır. Rifat Minare enginar ve kornişon turşusu gibi özgün ürünleri ve rakiplerinden farklılaşan üretim anlayışı ile firmasını sektörde öncü hale getirmiştir. 1980 sonrası küreselleşme ve artan rekabet, firmanın sektördeki konumunu şekillendirmiştir. Günümüzde hâlâ üretime devam eden fabrika, hem sektör tarihine bir tanık hem de yerel üretimin sürdürülebilirliğini sağlayan önemli bir aktördür.This study examines the historical development of Turkey’s canned food industry through the example of the Rıfat Minare Canning Factory. The industry’s transformation from the Ottoman Empire to the Republic is analyzed within the context of government policies, foreign trade, and private initiatives. Established in Gemlik, the Rıfat Minare Factory contributed not only to the local economy but also played a key role nationally by enabling one of Turkey’s first food exports. With its unique products like artichoke and gherkin pickles, the company became a pioneer in the sector, leaving behind a significant legacy. Post-1980 globalization and rising competition influenced the company’s position in the market. Still operating today, the factory remains both a witness to industrial history and a key actor in sustaining local production.by Abdürrahim Özer
1980 ve 2020 arasında T.C. Sağlık Bakanlığı'nın yaptığı değişiklikler
No full textThis work is a student project of the Department of History, Faculty of Economics, Administrative and Social Sciences, İhsan Doğramacı Bilkent University.The History of Turkey course (HIST200) is a requirement for all Bilkent undergraduates. It is designed to encourage students to work in groups on projects concerning any topic of their choice that relates to the history of Turkey. It is designed as an interactive course with an emphasis on research and the objective of investigating events, chronologically short historical periods, as well as historic representations. Students from all departments prepare and present final projects for examination by a committee, with 10 projects chosen to receive awards.Ankara : İhsan Doğramacı Bilkent Üniversitesi İktisadi, İdari ve Sosyal Bilimler Fakültesi, Tarih Bölümü, 2025.Includes bibliographical references (pages 18-19).Bu çalışmanın temel amacı, Türkiye’de 1980-2020 sağlık sistemi yapısını tarihsel bağlamda inceleyerek, 2003 sonrası uygulanan reformların nedenlerini, içeriklerini ve sonuçlarını bütüncül bir yaklaşımla değerlendirmektir. Ayrıca e-Nabız, Merkezi Hekim Randevu Sistemi (MHRS) gibi dijitalleşme adımlarının sağlık yönetimine entegrasyonu da analiz edilecektir. Bu kapsamda çalışmada şu temel araştırma sorularına yanıt aranacaktır: ● Sağlıkta Dönüşüm Programı’nın sağlık hizmetlerine erişim, hizmet kalitesi ve memnuniyet üzerindeki somut etkileri nelerdir? ● Sağlık çalışanlarının reform sürecine dair algıları ve karşılaştıkları sorunlar nelerdir? ANAHTAR KELİMELER: Sağlıkta Değişim Programı, e-Nabız, MHRS, aile hekimliği, genel sağlık sigortasıThis study aims to provide a holistic analysis of healthcare reforms in Turkey by first examining the structure and challenges between the 1980-2020 and then evaluating the motivations, implementations, and outcomes of the post-2003 transformation. The research addresses the following key questions: ● How has the Health Transformation Program influenced healthcare accessibility, service quality, and patient satisfaction? ● How have healthcare professionals perceived and been affected by these systemic reforms?by Kudret Emiroğl
Sevgili Arsız Ölüm (1983) ve Bırak Üzülsünler: Türkiye’de Büyümek (2015) romanlarında postmodern duygulanımsal tarihler
No full textCataloged from PDF version of article.Includes bibliographical references leaves (92-93).This thesis analyzes two postmodern novels that were published in different periods—Sevgili Arsız Ölüm (1983) by Latife Tekin and Dare to Disappoint: Growing Up in Turkey (2015) by Özge Samancı—in a comparative framework. It investigates how these Turkish women authors employ postmodern novel genre and postmodern narrative strategies such as magic realism, fragmentation, metafiction, and visual storytelling to construct what this study calls postmodern affective histories. Through such writings and the creation of affective histories, the two authors create feminist affects, reclaim women’s subjectivity, and challenge dominant patriarchal and historical discourses. In doing so, as both authors’ narratives are autobiographical, they also reclaim their agency in the world literary scene where they are otherwise underrepresented or marginalized. Drawing on a theoretical framework that combines approaches from world literature theories, postcolonial criticism, feminist theory, and affect theory, this thesis situates both novels within world literary circuits. This thesis work also incorporates Franco Moretti's “distant reading” approach to highlight how these authors—despite their marginal positioning due to gender, language, and geography—actively contribute to the development and evolution of the postmodern novel genre and global feminist discourse. Ultimately, this study argues that through their protagonists, Dirmit and Özge, and the use of localized postmodern techniques and translations, Latife Tekin’s Sevgili Arsız Ölüm and Özge Samancı’s Dare to Disappoint: Growing Up in Turkey offer alternative historiographies and enrich our understanding of Turkish women’s literature and presence within a global literary context
Eski şehirden yeni şehire: Ankara şehir merkezinin yıllar içinde kayması
No full textThis work is a student project of the Department of History, Faculty of Economics, Administrative and Social Sciences, İhsan Doğramacı Bilkent University.The History of Turkey course (HIST200) is a requirement for all Bilkent undergraduates. It is designed to encourage students to work in groups on projects concerning any topic of their choice that relates to the history of Turkey. It is designed as an interactive course with an emphasis on research and the objective of investigating events, chronologically short historical periods, as well as historic representations. Students from all departments prepare and present final projects for examination by a committee, with 10 projects chosen to receive awards.Ankara : İhsan Doğramacı Bilkent Üniversitesi İktisadi, İdari ve Sosyal Bilimler Fakültesi, Tarih Bölümü, 2025.Includes bibliographical references (pages 20-22).Ankara'nın Cumhuriyet'in başkenti ilan edilmesiyle şehir merkezinin Ulus'tan
Kızılay'a kayması, siyasi sembolizm ve planlı ulaşım altyapısı ile doğrudan ilişkilidir. Bu
çalışma, 1961'de Üçüncü Meclis binasının Kızılay'a taşınmasının, yalnızca idari bir değişim
değil, aynı zamanda Cumhuriyet'in modernleşme ideolojisinin mekânsal tezahürü olduğunu
kanıtlamaktadır. Ulus'un Osmanlı mirasını temsil eden Birinci ve İkinci Meclis binalarına
karşılık, modernist mimariyle inşa edilen Üçüncü Meclis, Ankara'yı batılı bir ulus-devlet
kimliğine kavuşturmuştur. İkinci kritik dinamik olarak, 1997'de faaliyete geçen M1 metro
hattı ve Ankaray'ın Kızılay'ı ulaşım ağının merkezine yerleştirmesi, bölgenin demografik ve
ekonomik yoğunluğunu katlanarak artırmıştır. Resmî belgeler, arşiv verileri ve mekânsal
analizler, Kızılay'ın ulaşım odaklı planlamasının, bölgeyi yalnızca bir idari merkez değil, aynı
zamanda sosyal ve kültürel hareketliliğin kalbi haline getirdiğini ortaya koyar. Sonuç olarak,
bu kayma, Türkiye'nin merkezileşme politikalarının ve kentsel modernizasyonun bilinçli ve
kaçınılmaz bir sonucudur.The shift of Ankara's city center from Ulus to Kızılay following its designation as the
Republic's capital is rooted in political symbolism and strategic transportation planning. This
study demonstrates that the relocation of the Third Parliament Building to Kızılay in 1961
was not merely an administrative change but a spatial manifestation of Republican
modernization ideology. While the First and Second Parliament Buildings in Ulus reflected
Ottoman heritage, the modernist architecture of the Third Parliament aligned Ankara with a
Western nation-state identity. Secondly, the M1 metro line (operational since 1997) and the
Ankaray system strategically positioned Kızılay as the transportation nexus, exponentially
increasing its demographic and economic density. Archival data, urban plans, and spatial
analyses prove that Kızılay's transit-oriented design transformed it into not only an
administrative hub but also the epicenter of socio-cultural activity. Ultimately, this transition
underscores Turkey's centralization policies and the inevitability of urban modernization in
achieving ideological goals.by Efe Can Zeybe
Yazılım evriminin yapışkanlık skoruyla değerlendirilmesi: dosyalar, klasörler ve yazılımcılar arasında kod kalıcılığının incelenmesi
No full textCataloged from PDF version of article.Includes bibliographical references (leaves 74-79).Software evolution involves continuous code changes, making it essential to under-stand factors that influence code stability and persistence. This study introduces a metric called the “Stickiness Score,” measuring the longevity of lines of code (LOC) within a project. It reflects how much of the LOC written by developers or belonging to a specific file or folder has persisted over time. The goal is to examine its correlation with various software metrics: contributor count, developer Stickiness Scores (average, commit-weighted average, and LOC-weighted average), cyclomatic complexity, bug-fix count, and static code analysis metrics, including bug and code smell counts. Stickiness Scores for developers, files, and folders are calculated using the tool developed for this study, Devotion, across five open-source projects. Spearman correlation tests were used to analyze the relationship between file Stickiness Scores and the specified software metrics. Contributor count exhibited a strong negative correlation with file Stickiness Scores. Commit- and LOC-weighted developer Stickiness Scores showed positive correlations, while unweighted averages produced mixed results. Cyclomatic complexity, bug-fix count, and code smell count showed inconsistent correlations. The bug counts in files showed no significant correlation. In conclusion, files with more contributors or frequent bug-related changes tend to be less sticky. In contrast, files modified by high-commit or high-volume contributions from developers with higher stickiness tend to persist longer. The Stickiness Score provides valuable in-sight into how contributor activity, code complexity, bugginess, and smells relate to code longevity.by Selen Uysa
Devlet dışı silahlı aktörlerin dış politika davranışı: rol teorik bir yaklaşım
No full textCataloged from PDF version of article.Includes bibliographical references (leaves 85-102).Armed non-state actors (ANSAs) operate outside of state authority and pursue foreign policy to achieve their objectives in international politics through violent methods. Thus, it is important to understand what shapes ANSAs’ foreign policy behavior. With a role theoretic approach, this thesis explores how these actors perceive their roles in their external relations and conduct foreign policy. Therefore, role theory provides an opportunity to integrate ANSAs in the foreign policy analysis (FPA). As a foreign policy behavior, this thesis focuses on the alliance portfolios of ANSAs. It examines Hezbollah and Hamas’s foreign policy behavior at the initial stages of the Syrian uprising with their engagements in the Axis of Resistance. Accordingly, this thesis applies a content analysis method to identify the foreign policy role conceptions of Hezbollah and Hamas, and examines how these actors locate and perform their foreign policy roles. The findings reveal that these actors have cohesive role conceptions. Depending on the salience of role conceptions, they perform different foreign policy behavior when deciding to show allegiance or leave the alliance. Therefore, this thesis portrays role theory as a significant approach, and salient role conceptions are crucial to understanding ANSAs’ foreign policy behavior.by Defne Acu
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