Biomedical Photonics (BMP - E-Journal)
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ФОТОДИНАМИЧЕСКАЯ ТЕРАПИЯ БАЗАЛЬНОКЛЕТОЧНОГО РАКА КОЖИ ГОЛОВЫ И ШЕИ С ДОПОЛНИТЕЛЬНЫМ ВНУТРИТКАНЕВЫМ ЛАЗЕРНЫМ ОБЛУЧЕНИЕМ
Get PDFThe article is devoted to the development and evaluation of the effi ciency of photodynamic therapy (PDT) with photosensitizer photolon with additional interstitial laser irradiation in patients with head and neck basal cell skin cancer (BCSC). Treatment was performed in 55 patients. On the fi rst stage, all patients underwent photodynamic therapy with interstitial irradiation using fl exible optical fi bers with cylindrical diffuser, on the second stage PDT with distant delivery of laser at a dose of 50-300 J/cm2 was carried out. During the follow- up period of 6 months to 4 years in 13 (23.6%) of the 55 patients a recurrence of the disease was diagnosed. A higher rate of recurrence was in the group of patients who underwent PDT for recurrent neoplasms compared with patients with primary disease (37.5% and 4.3%, respectively), in patients with endophytic growth of the tumor compared to patients with exophytic component (30.0% and 16.0%,respectively) and in patients with large tumors (up to 2.0 cm – 14.3%, from 2.0 to 5.0 cm – 16.7% and more than 5.0 cm – 54.4%)
МЕТОД БЕСКОНТАКТНОЙ ФОТОЛЮМИНЕСЦЕНТНОЙ ДИАГНОСТИКИ СОСТОЯНИЯ ФИБРОЗНОЙ ОБОЛОЧКИ ГЛАЗА
Get PDFNon-contact optical diagnostics of structural disorders of the eye has a number of advantages: high speed, accuracy and a large range of parameters available for analysis. The paper presents the results of studies of the photoluminescence of the fibrous tunic of the eye, excited by polarized light, depending on the intraocular pressure. In the experiments, isolated de-epithelized eyes of the rabbit were used, inside of which pressure up to 50 mm Hg was artificially created. Under these conditions, the cornea and sclera were illuminated with linearly polarized light at wavelengths of 250, 350 and 450 nm, exciting photoluminescence in the wavelength range up to 700 nm. Cross and co-polarized photoluminescence spectra excited by linearly polarized light were obtained. It has been established that, when excited by polarized light, the photoluminescence of the cornea is partially polarized. Depending on the wavelength of the photoluminescence, the degree of polarization varies from 0.2 to 0.35. It is shown that the degree of polarization of the photoluminescence of the cornea of the eye upon excitation by linearly polarized light can be used as a measurable parameter for assessing the physiological state of the eye. It is shown that the photoluminescence spectrum consists of two bands with maxima near 460-470 and 430-440 nm. These bands are assigned, respectively, to pyridinnucleotides and glycosylated collagen. A significant contribution can be made by the epithelium of the eye, which contains riboflavin with characteristic absorption bands near 450 and 365 nm. When excited at 450 nm, the photoluminescence maximum is located near 540 nm, which corresponds to the spectrum of fluorophores in the endothelium and epithelium. The spectrum of photoluminescence upon excitation at a wavelength of 250 nm can be attributed to tryptophan located in the intraocular lens
ПРИМЕНЕНИЕ УСТРОЙСТВ ДЛЯ ПРОСТРАНСТВЕННО-РАЗРЕШЕННОЙ СПЕКТРОСКОПИИ НА ПРИМЕРЕ ДВУХСЛОЙНЫХ ФАНТОМОВ, СОДЕРЖАЩИХ МЕТАЛЛИЧЕСКИЕ НАНОЧАСТИЦЫ
Get PDFThe abilities of the optical probe for fluorescence-guided stereotactic biopsy were investigated by means of a multifiber probe under 532 or 632.8 nm excitation. The set of multilayered phantoms representing a border between normal brain-tissue and a tumor with photosensitizer and gold nanoparticles (spheres or stars) in different concentrations were made to investigate the macroscopic parameters observed during the neurosurgical biopsy sample collection by means of the optical probe. These investigantions will allow to define the border of a brain tumor and control the type of tissue being collected by a stereotactic cannula during surgery. The impact of gold nanospheres and gold nanostars added in different concentrations to the bottom-layer of phantom was analyzed by fluorescence quenching or enhancement due to energy transfer between nanoparticles and fluorescent molecules. The results allow determining the tumor border and to make the biopsy uptake more efficient by observing the character of signal change while penetrating a tumor and while going out of it.Исследованы возможности применения зонда для стереотаксической биопсии при флуоресцентной навигации при возбуждении 532 или 632,8 нм. Для исследования макроскопических параметров, наблюдаемых во время забора образцов при стереотаксической биопсии с помощью оптического зонда, был сделан набор полужидких, полутвердых многослойных фантомов, моделирующих границу между нормальной мозговой тканью и опухолью с фотосенсибилизатором и наночастицами золота (сферы и звезды) в различных концентрациях. Было проанализировано влияние золотых наносфер и нанозвезд, добавленных в разных концентрациях к нижнему слою фантома, на усиление флуоресценции за счет переноса энергии между наночастицами и флуоресцентными молекулами. Результаты позволяют определить границу опухоли и повысить эффективность биопсии, наблюдая характер изменения флуоресцентного сигнала при прохождении зонда через опухоль
ЭНДОСКОПИЧЕСКАЯ ФОТОДИНАМИЧЕСКАЯ ТЕРАПИЯ БОЛЬНОГО С МЕТАСТАЗАМИ РАКА ЛЕГКОГО В БИФУРКАЦИОННЫЕ ЛИМФАТИЧЕСКИЕ УЗЛЫ (КЛИНИЧЕСКОЕ НАБЛЮДЕНИЕ)
Get PDFAbstractThis clinical case demonstrates the feasibility of photodynamic therapy (PDT) as a method of choosing the treatment of recurrent lung cancer in inoperable patients with ineffective chemoradiotherapy. An operation was performed on the patient with a diagnosis of pT4N0M0 central cancer of the lower lobe of the right lung after 2 courses of neoadjuvant chemotherapy in October 2015: an expanded combined lower bilobectomy of the right lung, with resection of the pericardium and left atrium. Then 4 courses of adjuvant chemotherapy (cisplatin + vinorelbine) and a course of radiotherapy on the mediastinum area up to a total dose of 45 Gy were carried out. After 2 months, a metastatic lesion of bifurcation lymph nodes with invasion of the mucosa of the tracheal bifurcation, involving the distal trachea, proximal right and left main bronchi was detected. The result of histological analysis: G2 squamous cell carcinoma without keratinization. From Dec 2016 to Jun 2017, the patient underwent 5 courses of PDT, as a result of which a significant cytoreductive effect and stabilization of the process were achieved. The continuation of the PDT treatment is planned
АНТЕГРАДНАЯ ПАПИЛЛОТОМИЯ С ИСПОЛЬЗОВАНИЕМ YAG:HO ЛАЗЕРА ПРИ СТЕНОЗЕ БОЛЬШОГО СОСОЧКА ДВЕНАДЦАТИПЕРСТНОЙ КИШКИ
Get PDFThe purpose of our study was to develop and implement a new invasive method of papillotomy – an antegrade dissection of the major duodenal papilla using high-energy holmium (YAG:Ho) laser. Results of antegrade laser papillotomy in 35 patients are presented. All surgical procedures were laparoscopic, no indications for conversion were found. The use of high-energy holmium laser helps perform an adequate papillotomy with minimal damage to the surrounding tissues. Studies have shown that antegrade laser papillotomy is feasible in the presence of parapillary diverticula, severe deformity of the duodenum, and also when retrograde interventions are extremely difficult or impracticable. The high efficiency of the applied technique (in all cases the stenosis of the major duodenal papilla has been successfully eliminated) and the absence of complications and deaths is shown. Based on the analysis of the study results, a therapeutic algorithm for managing patients with stenosis of the major duodenal papilla is proposed
Активация наночастиц фталоцианина алюминия для локальной флуоресцентной спектроскопии в стоматологии
Get PDFEarly diagnosis of caries and tooth enamel microcracks is of great importance for preventing the destruction of healthy tooth enamel. Inorder to detect microcracks in the enamel and pathogenic microflora foci that can cause caries, nanoform of aluminum phthalocyanine (AlPc) can be used as a marker. In a colloidal solution, the nanoparticles do not fluoresce, unlike their molecular form. To convert the particle into its molecular form, it is necessary to have a solvent or specific environment (bacteria, macrophages, etc.). That is why the hydrophobic nanoparticles of aluminum phthalocyanine (nAlPc) can act as markers for detecting hidden pathogenic microflora during fluorescent diagnostics. Further reduction of the diagnosis time and increase the efficiency can be achieved by using biologically compatible surfactants as additional activators of nAlPc.In order to carry out local fluorescence spectroscopy of enamel microcracks and pathogenic microflora foci on the enamel surface, a model compound containing surfactants, auxiliary components and nAlPc colloid at a concentration of 10 mg/l was prepared.Studies on the interaction of the model compound with nAlPc and Protelan MST-35 with tooth enamel ex vivo have shown this surfactant to be a promising auxiliary activator of the nanoparticles, allowing conducting local fluorescence spectroscopy of the tooth enamel surface 3 min after application. In addition, statistical processing of the results showed the effectiveness of using the model compound for local fluorescence spectroscopy of the enamel surface in order to detect the enamel microcracks and the pathogenic microflora accumulation foci that can lead to the development of a cariogenic process
Биологические материалы в реконструктивной хирургии рака молочной железы
Get PDFCurrently, reconstructive-plastic surgery is becoming the standard for surgical and combined treatment of breast cancer (BC) patients.With a one-stage reconstruction of the breast, the use of biological implants that can replace muscle autografts and, consequently, reduce trauma, blood loss and operation time, and also to avoid defects in the donor zones is becoming topical. From 2014 to 2017, 151 reconstructive operations on 121 patients with BC (average age 41.5 years) using synthetic and biological materials were carried out in P.Herzen Moscow Oncology Research Institute. 0 stage of BC TisN0M0 was diagnosed in 11 (9.1%) patients, I stage – in 52 (42.9%), IIA – in 41 (33.9%), IIB – in 9 (7.4%), IIIA – in 4 (3.3%), IIIB – in 2 (1.7%), IIIC – in 2 (1.7%). To strengthen the lower slope, a biological implant – Permacol acellular dermal matrix, was used in 34 cases. Cosmetic result was rated as excellent in 20 (58.9%) cases, good in 11 (32.3%), unsatisfactory in 3 (8,8%). Biological materials are an important addition to various options for breast reconstruction. The criterion for selecting the material for strengthening the lower slope of the breast with subcutaneous or cutaneous mastectomy for cancer with a one-stage reconstruction using a silicone endoprosthesis is the pinch-test value
Новые подходы к селективной лазерной трабекулопластике
Get PDFSelective laser trabeculoplasty (SLT) is the “golden standard” of laser glaucoma surgery. Its efficacy can be compared to pharmacological therapy, while in some cases its advantages may even lead to a more stable hypotensive effect. SLT may be used as a primary treatment for primary open-angle glaucoma patients and patients with ocular hypertension, while also considered safe and effective in cases when a repeat procedure is required. SLT may potentially decrease the demand for antiglaucoma drugs, improve patient’s response to treatment, make the treatment more comfortable and overall increase the patient’s quality of life. New modifications of standard laser treatment procedures have been emerging lately. This article summarizes scientific data on the efficacy and safety of the new generation of laser trabeculoplasty. It specifies the charateristics of micropulse laser trabeculoplasty (MLT), pattern-scanning trabeculoplasty (PLT) and titaniumsapphire laser trabeculoplasty (TSLT) and recounts the latest research dedicated to them
ВИЗУАЛИЗАЦИЯ НАНОЧАСТИЦ LaF3, ДОПИРОВАННЫХ Nd3+, ДЛЯ БИОИМИДЖИНГА В БЛИЖНЕМ ИНФРАКРАСНОМ ДИАПАЗОНЕ ПО АП-КОНВЕРСИОННОЙ ЛЮМИНЕСЦЕНЦИИ ПРИ МИКРОСКОПИИ С МУЛЬТИФОТОННЫМ ВОЗБУЖДЕНИЕМ
Get PDFRecent developments in the field of biophotonics facilitate the raise of interest to inorganic nanoparticles (NPs) doped with Nd3+ ions, because of their near-infrared (NIR) absorption. These NPs are interesting bioimaging probes for deep tissue visualization, while they can also act as local thermometers in biological tissues. Despite the good possibilities for visualization of NPs with Nd3+ ions in NIR spectral range, difficulties arise when studying the cellular uptake of these NPs using commercially available fluorescence microscopy systems, since the selection of suitable luminescence detectors is limited. However, Nd3+ ions are able to convert NIR radiation into visible light, showing upconversion properties. In this paper we found optimal parameters to excite upconversion luminescence of Nd3++:LaF NPs in living cells and to compare the distribution of the NPs inside the cell culture of human macrophages THP-1 obtained by two methods. Firstly, by detecting the upconversion luminescence of the NPs inVIS under NIR multiphoton excitation using laser scanning confocal microscopy and secondly, using transmission electron microscopy
ФЛУОРЕСЦЕНТНАЯ ДИАГНОСТИКА ЗЛОКАЧЕСТВЕННЫХ НОВООБРАЗОВАНИЙ КОЖИ С ФОТОСЕНСИБИЛИЗАТОРАМИ ХЛОРИНОВОГО РЯДА
Get PDFThe article shows possibilities in fluorescence imaging of malignant skin tumors with chlorin series photosensitizers (PS) photolon and fotoditazin. The regularities of photosensitizer accumulation from the data of local fluorescence spectroscopy depending on the PS and its dose, the clinical picture and the histological form of the malignant skin neoplasm is investigated. It is shown that the level and selectivity of PS accumulation in the tumor focus depends on the PS dose. In studies on 10 patients with basal cell skin cancer after the introduction of fotoditazin at a dose less than 1 mg/kg, fluorescent contrast between tumor and healthy tissue varied between 1.3 and 9.5, the average was 2.8±0.3; for patients who had the administered fotoditazin dose of 1 mg/kg, fluorescent contrast was 2.9±0.4, varying from 1.4 to 5. In a study with 127 patients after the introduction of photolon in the dose of 0.7-1 mg/kg, the average value of the fluorescence intensity in relative units in the intact skin was 6.9±0.3 (min 4.6, max 12.2), at a dose of 1.1 to 1.4 mg/kg – 8.0±0.3 (min 4.6, max 12.5), at a dose of 1.5-2 mg/kg – 9.9±0.7 (min 5.7, max 20.3). It is also shown that fluorescence intensity of malignant neoplasm of the skin with the same dose of the photosensitizer depends on the neoplasm’s clinical and histological forms. So, 3 hours after the introduction of photolon at a dose of 1.3 mg/kg the average fluorescent contrast in the surface type of skin cancer was 2.7±0.5, in the nodal form – 2.3±0.2, in erosive-ulcerative form – 3.6±0.3. In patients with nodular form of squamous skin cancer after the introduction of photolon at a dose of 1.3 mg/kg fluorescent contrast was significantly higher (p<0.05) (average of 2.8±0.2) than in the nodular form of basal cell carcinoma after the introduction of photolon at the same dose (average of 2.1±0.2)