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Book Review--Why Nations Fail: The Origins of Power, Prosperity, and Poverty
Get PDFThe prosperity of a nation is often associated with the happiness of her people, while poverty is associated with discontent. Consequently, factors that foster the economic prosperity of a country are of great interest to economists, policymakers, and the public. Identifying these factors is equivalent to investigating why some nations are rich (and why some are poor). Such a question has been one of the central questions for economists and social scientists to tackle in their research over the past twenty years
Impact of employee engagement activities and organizational culture on job satisfaction on employees
Get PDFPurpose- The two main factors that affect how satisfied employees are at work are Organizational culture and employee engagement. Employee engagement is a popular concept for inspiring employees. It concerns workers' good attitudes regarding the company. These initiatives foster a positive company culture that increases workers' job satisfaction. The influence of three fundamental components—employee engagement, organizational culture, and job satisfaction—and how they relate to one another are examined in this study. Design/methodology/approach- 84 employees of different organizations of Bhopal were considered who responded through google form – questionnaire. An analysis of the responses was done using a structural equation model. Findings – All of the hypotheses were statistically supported. The result says employee engagement activities create a good organizational work culture providing more satisfaction to employees
A Confirmation of Elemental Factor Toward Perceived Port Quality
Get PDFThere is currently a lack of up-to-date knowledge on the fundamental variables as elemental factors that influence perceived cruise-port quality. This research aims to examine the confirmatory components of those factors in reflective and formative terms in order to develop a set of perceived port quality (PPQ) variables. The study adopts a quantitative research methodology, collecting data via a questionnaire survey. The research sample consisted of 305 respondents, while the collected data were analyzed using GSCA Pro software version 1.1.6. The research findings reaffirm the elemental factors of perceived port quality (PPQ), constructed from the following five significant categories as first-order constructs, namely cruise terminal facilities, port service encounter performance, port location, ground port transportation, and physical port environment quality. These were assessed through the 36 observed variables in this study, which included significant reflective and formative constructs. Executives, cruise tourism managers, and ports, will be able to use the results of the study as guidelines for designing policies and strategies to develop cruise tourism in the port area. Meanwhile, academics may employ these sets of variables to examine in combination with other factors in future research
Development and Validation of a Composite Learning Index for Cambodian High School Students
Get PDFThis study aimed to develop an instrument for measuring student learning and to establish a learning index for high school students. A sample of 1,619 Cambodian high school students was selected using a stratified random sampling technique. Data were collected through a 56-item questionnaire based on a 5-point Likert scale and were analyzed using various statistical methods including descriptive statistics, content analysis, objectivity analysis, correlation analysis, construct validity (using M-plus), reliability analysis (using the R-package for Windows), and t-test analysis. The instrument consists of two key components: “Learning to Know” and “Learning to Do”, each further broken down into ‘Process’ and ‘Outcome’ elements. Each of these sub-components were represented by three distinct indicators. The instrument demonstrated good content validity with an Item-Objective Congruence (IOC) index ranging between 0.50 and 1.00, and excellent construct validity, supported by a variety of goodness-of-fit indices (CFI = 1.00, TLI = 0.99, SRMSR = 0.01, RMSEA = 0.02). The instrument also showed high internal consistency with reliability coefficients ranging from 0.83 to 0.93. The criterion-related validity was confirmed through known-groups validation. Two methods—criterion-related and norm-related—were used to determine students’ learning index levels. For this study, the norm-related method was chosen. The learning index was categorized into four levels: low (0.000 - 0.062), medium (0.063 - 0.375), relatively high (0.376 - 0.680), and high (0.681 - 1.000). Percentile ranks were also calculated to provide additional context for interpreting the learning indices of Cambodian high school students
Inclusive Management Practices and Organizational Development in Five-Star Hotels: The Case of General Managers
No full textThis mixed-method research aimed to propose inclusive management practices guidelines for leadership roles of general managers at five-star hotels. The final model and guidelines are drawn from the gap analysis of current and preferred practices, priority needs, and practical insights of industrial experts. The research sites are five-star hotels in Thailand known as the highest levels of luxurious properties providing excellent services, amenities and facilities through the distinction of guest experiences, with a sample size of 400 respondents who are the subordinates of the general managers and 22 key informants who are general managers of the five-star hotels. Research instruments comprise 1) 25 structured questionnaires consisting of standardized questionnaires from five dimensions, corporate culture, company policies, perceived organizational support, employees’ opportunities and perceived gender roles, 2) 10 open-ended interview questions, and 3) a rubric for model validation by industry experts and academics. Data treatments, validity, and reliability include descriptive statistics, Priority Needs Index or PNIModified applied to assess the need’s order, content analysis, and field expert reviews. The quantitative findings indicate that 1) male will become less dominated in leader role based on perceived gender roles which is the highest priority need index (PNI 0.4), 2) There will be less male dominance in corporate culture (PNI 0. 35) obtained the second priority need index and followed by 3) There will be more activities creating diversity based on company policies and more social and meta competencies for employees’ opportunities obtained the second highest priority needs index (PNI 0. 15). The overall quantitative results align with the qualitative findings revealing according to the following terms that organization should concern 1) Inclusion and diversity in Thailand and hotel industry, 2) Human resource management and development and general manager’s characteristics via social and meta skills and 3) Positive inclusion and diversity’s practice in organization. Based on mentioned findings, they are contributed to a proposed inclusive management practices guideline and model. Hence, they enhance implications via compliments inclusive practices to gender barriers and initiate new knowledge inclusive implementation step for human resource division
The Development of a Model to Enhance Teacher Leadership in Middle Schools in Shanxi Province, China
Get PDFTeacher leadership is the heart of the transformation of a school. Teacher leaders are essential in driving change, supporting colleagues, and helping students towards academic success. Education reform in China has included strategies for developing teacher leadership. However, at the school level, there still needs to be more research and understanding of the concept in many areas. This study aimed to develop a teacher leadership model for middle school teachers in Shanxi Province, China. The study utilized exploratory mixed methods with both qualitative and quantitative analysis to develop an instrument that was subsequently used for data collection from 825 middle school teachers. By using regression analysis and interviews, elements of the model were confirmed, and it was found that to develop teacher leadership in the target middle schools, the following concepts need to be encouraged: principal leadership, peer relationships, professionalism, and leadership skills. In addition, promoting teacher leadership requires the cooperation and support of teachers, school principals, and governmental regulators. Recommendations included promoting decentralized leadership structures within schools to provide opportunities for teacher input into school policy, curriculum, and professional development. For teachers, it is essential to recognize their dual roles as "teachers" and "leaders" to encourage their participation in school management
Influencing Factors of Postgraduates’ Online Learning Satisfaction: A Case Study of a Public University in Chongqing, China
Get PDFWith the rapid development of information technology, online teaching has become a tradition of country-wide education. The widespread use of online instruction in colleges and universities still needs to improve in terms of student satisfaction, especially in Chongqing, China. The influencing factors of student satisfaction have been discussed in this study, including self-efficacy, perceived usefulness, ease of use, information quality, system quality, and service quality. Questionnaire was distributed to 500 postgraduate students from Southwest University of Chongqing, China. The Item-Objective Congruence (IOC) and pilot test (n=50) of Cronbach’s Alpha were validated before the data collection. Confirmatory factor analysis (CFA) and structural equation modeling (SEM) are the main statistical methods. Self-efficacy has a significant influence on perceived usefulness. Satisfaction is significantly influenced by perceived usefulness, perceived ease of use, information quality, service quality, and system quality. In conclusion, universities should organize regular seminars and workshops for lecturers on using mobile technology effectively to facilitate effective research and collaboration
Determinants of Undergraduate Students’ Continuance Intention to Use E-learning of at a Public University in Chengdu, China
Get PDFThis study aims to examine the students’ continuance intention of using e-learning platforms in a public university in Chengdu, China. Based on the Technology Acceptance Model (TAM), Information System Success Model (ISSM), and Expectation-confirmation Model (ECM), this study comprises seven variables, including computer self-efficacy, system quality, information quality, service quality, perceived usefulness, satisfaction, and continuance intention. The researcher applied a quantitative survey approach with 497 undergraduates with at least one semester of e-learning experience in the School of Civil Engineering, Architecture, and Environment, School of Food and Bioengineering, School of Law and Sociology, and School of Science of Chengdu Xihua University. The index of item-objective congruence (IOC) was applied and a pilot test (n=50) were conducted to evaluate the reliability using Cronbach's Alpha coefficient. Confirmatory factor analysis and structural equation modeling were employed in this study to assess the data, the validity, reliability, factor loadings, and the path coefficient. The results of the data analysis confirmed that perceived usefulness indicated the most powerful direct impact on satisfaction. In conclusion, administrators and teachers should pay adequate attention to computer self-efficacy, system quality, information quality, service quality, perceived usefulness and satisfaction that have had a substantial effect on students’ continuance intention to use e-learning platforms and consider the associated teaching reform in the future according to the findings of this research
The Role of Empowerment, Organizational Commitment and Working Environment on Job Performance in AAA Non-Profit Organization
Get PDFEmpowerment has become a big part of our today’s job performance. For organizations in a highly competitive environment, empowerment ensures sustained productivity and creating a committed workforce. This research study assesses the needs of three factors that help to enhance individual’s job performance in the non-government organization: empowerment, working environment, and organizational commitment. A mixed research methodology was used to study the whole population in the organization. All 28 local employees responded to the survey questionnaire for quantitative research, whereas 8 key employees were selected to participate in an individual interview. The quantitative data was analyzed using descriptive analysis and PNI Modified. The qualitative data was analyzed using inter-coding method. The results from PNI Modified show that empowerment, working environment, and organizational commitment are the factors that have to be prioritized. The qualitative data used appreciative inquiry (AI) to explore the topic of empowerment, working environment and organizational commitment. Based on the overall results, the current situation of job performance is favorable, but PNI Modified suggested that some factors should be prioritized in order to enhance individual’s job performance. Therefore, strategies are presented based on the findings
A Model For Developing Leadership Skills For Music Students At Public Universities In Zhuzhou, China
Get PDFMore and more higher education institutions are emphasizing developing student leadership skills. This study aimed to create a model to improve the leadership skills of music students at public universities in Zhuzhou, China. This study utilized a mixed-method research design. The qualitative aspect used a systematic approach to find variables to develop the questionnaire from secondary literature and interview data-the quantitative element involves the use of numerical analysis of findings from the questionnaires. The total sample size for the study was 546 music students. The research instruments were questionnaires and model validation forms. Data were analyzed using descriptive statistics. According to the results of the study, 1) the leadership skills needed for music students in universities were communication, delegation, flexibility, positivity, motivation, commitment, trustworthiness, and responsibility. 2) Two leadership skills, delegation and responsibility, needed to be prioritized in developing music students at Zhuzhou Public Universities in China. 3) The researcher finally proposed a model based on these two leadership skills and related research theories evaluated and revised by experts. 4) The final conceptual model was designed as a triangle focusing on three primary levels: personal, university, and social. Finally, the experts approved the model for developing leadership skills for music students at Zhuzhou Public Universities in China and can be generalized to Zhuzhou Public Universities in China