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Giuliano Amato e Nicola Verola (a cura di), (2023), Europa: tra presente e futuro, Roma Istituto dell'Enciclopedia italiana ISBN 978-88-12-01125-4
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The Third Door on Menander’s Stage: What’s going On (or In)?
No full textThe Third Door on Menander’s Stage: What’s going On (or In)
L’Etnoarcheologia come mezzo di ricostruzione dell’architettura di epoca arcaica: il caso degli edifici in pietra e terra cruda del Timpone della Motta di Francavilla Marittima (CS).
No full textIl presente contributo affronta il tema delle tecniche di costruzione di epoca arcaica che sfruttano, come principali materie prime, la pietra e la terra cruda. L’impiego di tecniche che non contemplano l’uso di particolari leganti, come accade in epoche successive, si traduce in una grave frammentarietà del dato archeologico. Della maggior parte degli edifici di epoca arcaica si conserva il solo livello di fondazione. Raramente sono rinvenute testimonianze dell’elevato in mattoni crudi e totalmente assenti sono i tetti. Questo è quanto si verifica nel sito del Timpone della Motta di Francavilla Marittima (CS), la cui fase arcaica è rappresentata da diversi edifici di carattere pubblico e privato, dei quali, però, si conservano le sole fondazioni in pietra. Questo elaborato nasce con lo scopo di dimostrare come il confronto con strutture di età moderna può integrare le lacune strutturali e planimetriche che caratterizzano gli edifici appartenenti a epoche storiche oramai remote, offrendo interessanti spunti di riflessione anche nella definizione degliaspetti funzionali
Navigating Compliance and Ethical Challenges in Carbon Trading: Strengthening Global Frameworks for Market Integrity and Sustainability
No full textAnthropogenic climate change represents an unprecedented existential threat to global ecological systems and human civilisation, necessitating urgent and comprehensive mitigation strategies. This paper provides a critical analysis of specific regulatory, verification, and ethical challenges that currently undermine carbon trading markets as useful climate change mitigation mechanisms. We argue that current implementations of carbon trading systems largely fail to mitigate climate change. They often create the illusion of progress. Our examination focuses on documented issues in existing markets: regulatory inconsistencies that create enforcement gaps, verification deficiencies that compromise credit integrity, and persistent questions about additionality and double-counting. We identify how these structural flaws create problematic incentives that may discourage actual emissions reductions while enabling lower-quality credits to proliferate. The analysis further addresses the ethical dimension of carbon markets, documenting how the burden of emissions mitigation falls disproportionately on developing countries, particularly in the Global South, despite their historically minimal contributions to global emissions. We examine specific documented cases where political misalignment, energy injustices, and the prioritisation of carbon sequestration over development have undermined both climate goals and sustainable development. The paper concludes by evaluating how emerging technologies and governance approaches could potentially address these documented challenges, while acknowledging the limitations of technological solutions absent broader structural reforms
Blockchain in agrifood supply chain: Achieving traceability and sustainability under the un 2030 agenda
No full textA comprehensive social and regulatory framework could incentivise States to pursue a balanced integration between digital transformation, ecological transition, and agricultural development. Within this context, it is increasingly feasible to design trustless, intermediary-free production chains that reduce critical inefficiencies, foster innovative forms of competition, and promote new models of sustainability. Blockchain technology emerges as a trusted infrastructure for certification and data storage, providing guarantees of certainty, transparency, and security. These features not only enhance consumer awareness but also provide a potential solution to the persistent issue of counterfeiting. This study aims to examine how this infrastructure can adapt to the diverse requirements established by European, national, and regional legislators, particularly about food safety, traceability, and eco- sustainability. Rethinking blockchain integration within supply chains could thus mark a turning point in reshaping the current bioeconomy, transitioning from a traditionally linear economic model to a truly circular economy. In such a system, waste materials are either reintegrated into other production cycles or responsibly disposed of in an environmentally responsible manner. To achieve a genuinely sustainable and circular economy, the integration of blockchain with digital twin technology could enable comprehensive, qualitative tracking and monitoring of products throughout their entire lifecycle — from production to disposal — ensuring their reusability. While technology can efficiently address challenges related to traceability and counterfeiting, it cannot replace the subjective evaluations required for issuing certifications such as P.D.O. (Protected Designation of Origin) and P.G.I. (Protected Geographical Indication), which remain essential in the context of supply chain economies. It is important to underscore, however, that certifying a product is not equivalent to certifying its entire supply chain. By enhancing the reliability and efficiency of the information it processes, blockchain could improve supply chain management and overall profitability. In turn, this would promote a more balanced and transparent B2C (business-to-consumer) relationship, reducing informational asymmetries and strengthening contractual trust
Automating DSA enforcement: A Socio-Technical framework for transparency compliance
No full textThe European Union’s Digital Services Act (DSA) is a landmark law aiming to make online platforms more transparent, accountable, and safe for users. But effective enforcement of the DSA poses significant challenges due to the scale of digital platforms and the complexity of their operations. This article presents a socio-technical legal framework designed to automate aspects of DSA enforcement, focusing on transparency obligations as a measurable and accessible starting point. The proposed framework combines legal analysis with computing techniques, such as web data extraction, natural language processing, and logic-based rule modelling, to continuously monitor platform compliance and designed to provide technological support to authorities and privates engaged in inspection and monitoring activities. By formalising DSA requirements into computable rules and developing tools to detect and report non- compliance, the approach seeks to bridge the gap between regulatory objectives and practical oversight capabilities. Case studies on selected DSA provisions (including obligations for contact points, terms of service clarity, transparency reports, notice-and-action systems, and advertising and recommender transparency) illustrate how the framework operates across different compliance areas. The article emphasises clarity and cross-disciplinary accessibility, aiming to foster dialogue between legal, policy, business, and technical stakeholders, and suggesting how regulatory automation tools can support authorities and platforms in upholding the DSA, and potentially other digital regulations, by providing scalable, objective, and transparent enforcement mechanisms.
Unveiling an Absent Presence: Spaces of Breastfeeding in Contemporary Narratives
No full textBreastfeeding as a complex discourse, and how different subjects enter this discourse, handle it, and entwine it with the embodied practice of lactation, have become increasingly visible and important matters at a historical time when the medical encouragement to breastfeed openly clashes with the impracticality, for many, of pursuing the activity. Against the background of this contemporary contradiction, this essay proposes to explore the subject of breastfeeding in selected contemporary narratives. I shall offer examples of how a historical cultural repertoire of lactation signs and motifs entwines with contemporary debates around breastfeeding – already themselves articulated across several spheres, from medical discourse to feminist criticism to cultural studies to the health humanities – and ‘seeps’ into creative products from highbrow to middlebrow. Among relevant works are novels (for instance, by Toni Morrison and Shanthi Sekaran), tv series (among which ER, House, M.D., Desperate Housewives, and Game of Thrones), and films. Overall, albeit in different ways and with profoundly different implications, such works can be discussed as creative responses to an existing contradiction: one between acts of breastfeeding and the existence of obstacles to the realization and instantiation of this practice. I am especially interested in representations and readings that question the ‘privatization’ of breastfeeding, revealing instead its existence as a public issue, beyond the idea of parenthood as (neoliberal) ‘identity work’. I also hope to illustrate how the ‘absent presence’ of reastfeeding channels and contributes to revealing contemporary anxieties about gender, sexuality, race, motherhood, parenthood, and medicalization/healthcare. Some of the works analyzed here reveal an increasing necessity of tackling breastfeeding as well as the anxiety of culturally managing it, oscillating among its exposure and its removal from sight, its valorization and its debasement, alternatively emphasizing its naturalness and its putatively regressive, even dangerous quality. On the other hand, other works articulate breastfeeding as a relational practice which becomes a nodal point, a lens through which broad issues of historical and political importance can be (re)focused