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La chirurgia pisana da Andrea Vaccà Berlinghieri a Mario Selli
No full textPisan surgery from Andrea Vaccà Berlinghieri to Mario Selli. The history of Pisan surgery has its roots in a long and prestigious tradition, marked by interpreters of great value, including: Andrea Vaccà Berlinghieri, Antonio Ceci, Paride Stefanini and Mario Selli. The development of surgery in the Tuscan city is closely connected to the dynamism of the University of Pisa, founded in 1343, and of the New Hospital (later named after Santa Chiara), established in 1257. Epochal innovations, pioneering interventions trace the physiognomy of an authentic School, nourished and constantly animated by an uninterrupted passing of the baton between teachers and students. The 19th and 20th centuries, protagonists of this study, place Pisa among the points of reference for national and international surgical evolution, also delivering to the 2000s a cutting-edge reality, capable of keeping alive a centuries-old scientific and cultural path and always well connected to the history of the city of Pisa.La storia della chirurgia pisana affonda le proprie radici in una lunga e prestigiosa tradizione, scandita da interpreti di grande valore, tra cui: Andrea Vaccà Berlinghieri, Antonio Ceci, Paride Stefanini e Mario Selli. Lo sviluppo della chirurgia nella città toscana è strettamente connesso al dinamismo dell’Università di Pisa, fondata nel 1343, e dell’Ospedale Nuovo (poi intitolato a Santa Chiara), istituito nel 1257. Innovazioni epocali, interventi pionieristici tracciano la fisionomia di un’autentica Scuola, nutrita e costantemente animata da un ininterrotto passaggio di testimone tra maestri e allievi. L’Ottocento e il Novecento, protagonisti di questo studio, pongono Pisa tra i punti di riferimento dell’evoluzione chirurgica nazionale ed internazionale, consegnando anche agli anni duemila una realtà all’avanguardia, in grado di mantenere vivo un percorso scientifico e culturale plurisecolare e sempre ben connesso alla storia della città di Pisa
How the EU Data Strategy can foster the growth of Agri-tech market
No full textThe European Union (EU) has adopted a proactive approach in regulating the data economy, aiming to promote innovation and address competition concerns. The Data Act and the Data Governance Act are two key regulations in this field. The interconnection between the Data Act and the Data Governance Act is particularly significant in the agricultural sector, where data plays an increasingly important role in optimizing production processes and enhancing sustainability. This article examines the potential impacts of the European Union's European Data Strategy, addressing key challenges in the digital transformation of the agricultural sector, with a focus on the interaction between the Data Act and the Data Governance Act. The agricultural sector is increasingly reliant on emerging technologies such as the Internet of Things (IoT), big data, and artificial intelligence (AI), generating vast amounts of "agri-data" with significant potential to enhance productivity, efficiency and sustainability. However, critical issues related to data access, sharing, and trust hinder the sector's progress, including farmer data lock-in, fragmentation of data sets, unmet access needs for key stakeholders, and farmers’ reluctance to adopt digital technologies due to trust concerns. The article explores how the Data Act can mitigate farmer lock-in by mandating access to data generated by agricultural machinery and services, while the Data Governance Act fosters trust through rules for data intermediaries, including data cooperatives. Furthermore, it analyses the broader societal benefits of these regulations, such as promoting innovation to address climate change and improve food security through enhanced data access and analysis. Provisions enabling government access to agricultural data are highlighted as a means of improving public policy responses to climate challenges. Furthermore, the article also critically evaluates potential weaknesses of the regulations, including ambiguities in definitions under the Data Act, practical challenges in implementing the Data Governance Act, and the financial and administrative burdens on the agricultural sector. It concludes by emphasizing that the success of these legislative measures depends on their proper implementation and adaptation to the specific needs of the agricultural sector. The discussion closes with recommendations for additional regulatory and legislative refinements to unlock the full potential of digital agricultur
Empowering food democracy. The possible role of social actors in democratising food system(s)
No full textThis article explores opportunities for democratising food systems through food democracy, social learning and actors, and democratic practices. Amid a global decline in democracy and challenges in the food system, food democracy—coined by Tim Lang—offers a means to empower all actors in the food chain. This concept calls for increased consumer participation and collective action to influence food policies and practices. Social learning and actors, as a collective process, provides spaces for identifying issues and making deliberative decisions. The proposal highlights how combining social learning and actors with democratic methods can guide individuals toward a more democratic and sustainable food system.Questo articolo esplora le opportunità di democratizzazione dei sistemi alimentari attraverso la democrazia alimentare, l’apprendimento sociale e gli attori e le pratiche democratiche. In un contesto di declino globale della democrazia e di sfide nel sistema alimentare, la democrazia alimentare, definita da Tim Lang, offre un mezzo per dare potere a tutti gli attori della catena alimentare. Questo concetto richiede una maggiore partecipazione dei consumatori e un’azione collettiva per influenzare le politiche e le pratiche alimentari. L’apprendimento sociale e gli attori, in quanto processo collettivo, offrono spazi per identificare i problemi e prendere decisioni deliberative. La proposta evidenzia come la combinazione di apprendimento sociale e attori con metodi democratici possa guidare gli individui verso un sistema alimentare più democratico e sostenibile
Anna Maria Ortese: l'intollerabilità del reale
No full textIl saggio analizza l’opera di Anna Maria Ortese Il mare non bagna Napoli nella sua duplice veste di documento letterario e testimonianza visionaria, con particolare attenzione alla sua ripubblicazione del 1994. La scrittura di Ortese, sospesa tra reportage e invenzione, si pone in aperta frattura con la tradizione neorealista: l’insofferenza verso il reale, già presente nel primo romanzo dell’autrice, si acuisce, infatti, nell’incontro con la Napoli del dopoguerra. La visione ortesiana è alimentata da una tensione tra la sensibilità individuale e una realtà avvertita come aliena e irredimibile, fino a configurarsi come una vera e propria «visione dell’intollerabile»
Germans, Greeks, and Genealogies: Reconciling the Old and New in the History of International Security
No full textThis paper considers the genealogical inheritance of the term ‘security’ within the context of International Relations theory (IR), and uses historical and classical textual analysis to critique the validity of that assumed genealogy. Much existing IR literature operates under the assumption that ‘security’ as a politically relevant term is either timeless (a ‘classical’ view), or a result of US policy in the 1940s (a ‘modern’ view); obviously these positions are contradictory, at least on the surface. The paper attempts to resolve this contradiction through the use of an interdisciplinary approach. It first does this by using textual analysis, political science and history to critique the historical and political genealogies influential in said disciplines on their own terms; of central issue is the assumption of continuity in the language of Thucydides and Hobbes. Secondly, the paper offers an alternative genealogy that better informs both the ‘classical’ and ‘modern’ claims, one that draws from the political pamphlets of the English Civil War. Lastly, the paper uses historical analysis of continental political mores in the early 20th century to demonstrate the value of this new genealogy to the IR discipline.
Keywords: International Security, Genealogy of Security, Thucydides, Thomas Hobbes, International Relations Theor
"La balada del otoño" and other newfound poems by Lucía Sánchez Saornil
No full textEste trabajo presenta la edición crítica de seis poemas modernistas de Lucía Sánchez Saornil, hallados en el periódico madrileño La Patria: diario nacional. Desconocidos hasta ahora, estos poemas arrojan nueva luz sobre los inicios poéticos de Saornil. Tras un estudio de las nuevas fuentes y de la figura de Enrique Vázquez de Aldana en su carrera poética, se presentan los poemas recuperados: con aparato crítico y comentario de la estructura formal, de la temática y relaciones intertextuales con otras obras de poesía modernista. Asimismo, se incluye el análisis de nuevos testimonios de la poesía modernista de Saornil.This essay presents the critical edition of six modernist poems by Lucía Sánchez Saornil, recently discovered in the Madrilenian newspaper La Patria: diario nacional. These previously unknown poems provide new insights into Saornil’s early development. Following an examination of these new sources and the significance of Enrique Vázquez de Aldana in her early career, the poems themselves are presented with notes and commentary on their formal structure, themes, and intertextual relationships with contemporary modernist poetry. Additionally, this essay includes an analysis of new testimonies regarding Saornil’s other modernist poems
“Es cosa de mujeres”: el abordaje de la relación entre género y migraña en artículos de lifestyle journalism
No full textEl aumento de espacios informativos por efecto de la digitalización ha permitido a la industria periodística abordar nuevos temas en un intento de cautivar la atención de un espectro más amplio de lectores. Entre los ejes temáticos tratados, la salud y el bienestar destacan como argumentos de interés general, sobre los que se facilitan consejos e indicaciones útiles para ser adoptados en el día a día de la audiencia. El presente trabajo pretende estudiar las modalidades de representación discursiva de la relación existente entre la migraña y el género femenino en artículos de lifestyle journalism, teniendo en cuenta el papel de este cybergénero periodístico a la hora de negociar el cambio social. Se lleva a cabo un análisis cualitativo sobre un corpus de siete artículos publicados por plataformas periodísticas digitales para destacar la mayor incidencia de esta patología neurológica en las mujeres. Mediante el escudriñamiento de las estrategias empleadas para construir los textos, se ahonda en los mecanismos activados en el abordaje de la patología y de los distintos actores involucrados. Las modalidades analizadas dejan entrever múltiples finalidades subyacentes a la redacción de los artículos.The expansion of informational spaces resulting from digitalisation has allowed the journalistic industry to address new topics in an effort to attract the attention of a broader spectrum of readers. Among the themes explored, health and well-being stand out as subjects of general interest, often presented through advice and practical recommendations for readers’ daily lives. This study aims to examine the discursive representation of the relationship between migraine and the female gender in lifestyle journalism articles, considering the role of this journalistic cybergenre in negotiating social change. A qualitative analysis is carried out on a corpus of seven articles published on digital journalistic platforms, focusing on how this neurological condition is portrayed as more prevalent among women. Through the scrutiny of the strategies used in text construction, the study delves into the mechanisms activated in the treatment of the pathology and the various actors involved. The discursive modalities analysed reveal multiple underlying purposes behind the writing of these articles
Funzioni della musica, fra sociologia e semiotica
No full textWhat is the purpose of music? What is its function? This article offers a survey of the main meanings that the concept of "function" has assumed within music studies, with a focus on socio-anthropological and semiotic approaches, while also considering some significant aesthetic and ethnomusicological contributions. Starting from the classic opposition between the “functional” and the “aesthetic,” conceptualized by 19th-century musicology in line with the early works of musical sociology, the text examines the pioneering contribution of Jan Mukarovsky, which paved the way for the analyses of Roman Jakobson in the field of verbal language—analyses that, in turn, served as a model for Gino Stefani’s musical semiotics. In parallel, the article considers the contributions of Merriam, Adorno, Supicic, Lomax, Attali, and Giannattasio. By reconsidering linguistic functions as applied to musical communication, the article then focuses on several new functions made possible primarily—if not exclusively—by music available in recorded rather than live form. Decoration (background music), mobilization, competition, and a multitude of functional uses enabled by the endless possibilities of accessing sounds of any kind, anytime and anywhere, are reshaping the map of the contemporary soundscape. This new map overlaps with the original one, where “natural” sources (live music) had not yet been distinguished from “mediated” ones (recorded music).A cosa serve la musica? Qual è la sua funzione? L’articolo offre una ricognizione delle principali accezioni che il concetto di “funzione” ha evidenziato nell’ambito degli studi sulla musica, privilegiando l’approccio socio-antropologico e quello semiotico senza trascurare alcuni rilevanti contributi di taglio estetico ed etnomusicologico. Muovendo dalla classica contrapposizione fra “funzionale” ed “estetico”, concettualizzata dalla musicologia ottocentesca in sintonia con i primi lavori di sociologia musicale, il testo prende in esame il pionieristico contributo di Jan Mukarovski, che avrebbe aperto la strada alle analisi prodotte da Roman Jakobson nell’ambito del linguaggio verbale, a loro volta servite da modello per la semiotica musicale di Gino Stefani. In parallelo vengono presi in considerazione i contributi di Merriam, Adorno, Supicic, Lomax, Attali e Giannattasio. Da una riconsiderazione delle funzioni linguistiche applicate alla comunicazione musicale, l’articolo si focalizza quindi su alcune nuove funzioni rese possibili soprattutto, se non in esclusiva, dalla musica disponibile in forma registrata e non più “in presenza”. Arredo (sottofondo), mobilizzazione, competizione e una pletora di usi funzionali favoriti dalle infinite possibilità di accesso a suoni di qualsiasi natura, in ogni luogo e a ogni ora ridisegnano la mappa del soundscape contemporaneo che si va a sovrapporre alla mappa primigenia, dove ancora non venivano distinte le fonti “naturali” (musica dal vivo) da quelle “mediate” (musica riprodotta)