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Towards Achieving Broadened Accountability: Transcending Governance Dilemmas
Get PDFDemands for Broadened Accountability (BA) of nonprofit organizations require that boards achieve a high level of engagement to address important issues properly (Morrison & Salipante, 2007). This paper presents the theoretical basis for boards falling short of such engagement and specifies fundamental obstacles leaders face in achieving BA. One set of especially salient obstacles is conceptualized as false governance dilemmas. Two are considered in this paper: legitimacy vs. efficiency (Di Maggio & Powell, 1983; Deephouse, 1996; Morrison & Salipante, 2006) and conflict/monitoring vs. cooperation/collaboration. Two broadly defined relational practices – integrative bargaining (Walton & McKersie, 1965) and maintenance of high-trust/high-distrust relationships (Lewicki, MacAllister, & Bies, 1998) – are presented as mechanisms for establishing robust board engagement, transcending false governance dilemmas and achieving BA. The authors suggest that a nonprofit paradox perspective (Cornforth, 2004) enables the gradual development of such practices, engagement and accountability
Case Exercises in an Introduction to Management Course: A Structured Approach to Increase Student Engagement
Get PDFResearch methodology
Both quantitative and qualitative methods were used to test the effectiveness of the case exercise process as it relates to increasing student participation and engagement. Surveys were used as a data collection method where students self-reported their participation.
Case overview/synopsis
This research paper argues that class engagement and participation is a process that must be learned by students. To this end, it presents a case exercise process designed particularly for the introduction to management class that helps students to learn and apply management theory while increasing their engagement. While each element of the process is not new, the integration of the elements into a process that is structured and repeated throughout the semester adds value to student participation. Empirical data demonstrated that students increased their participation in classes that used the case exercise process over traditional lecture classes.
Complexity academic level
This paper is relevant for faculty members seeking to use case exercises in teaching undergraduate management courses, particularly introductory management courses
Integrins Have Cell-Type-Specific Roles in the Development of Motor Neuron Connectivity
Get PDFFormation of the nervous system requires a complex series of events including proper extension and guidance of neuronal axons and dendrites. Here we investigate the requirement for integrins, a class of transmembrane cell adhesion receptors, in regulating these processes across classes of C. elegans motor neurons. We show α integrin/ina-1 is expressed by both GABAergic and cholinergic motor neurons. Despite this, our analysis of hypomorphic ina-1(gm144) mutants indicates preferential involvement of α integrin/ina-1 in GABAergic commissural development, without obvious involvement in cholinergic commissural development. The defects in GABAergic commissures of ina-1(gm144) mutants included both premature termination and guidance errors and were reversed by expression of wild type ina-1 under control of the native ina-1 promoter. Our results also show that α integrin/ina-1 is important for proper outgrowth and guidance of commissures from both embryonic and post-embryonic born GABAergic motor neurons, indicating an ongoing requirement for integrin through two phases of GABAergic neuron development. Our findings provide insights into neuron-specific roles for integrin that would not be predicted based solely upon expression analysis
The Perceptions of School Involvement of Parents of Students with Autism Spectrum Disorders: A Systematic Literature Review
Get PDFSeveral different types of parent involvement with schools have been identified in the special education and general education literature, including (a) advocacy, (b) collaborative partnership, (c) home-school communication, and (d) school-based participation. However, it is unclear which types of involvement are addressed in the literature and how parents of children with autism spectrum disorders perceive these types of school involvement. In this systematic literature review, we synthesized this body of literature, which consisted of 37 studies published from 2001 to 2017. Authors addressed all four types of parent involvement using a range of measures, most frequently addressing home-school communication. Limitations and implications for research and practice are discussed, including the importance of collecting and reporting on the characteristics of survey respondents and identifying and validating common measures across studies
USJB Property in Attleboro, Massachusetts 2
No full textAttleboro, Massachusetts. Possibly one of several photographs from different sides of same building owned by the USJB. This side of the building includes store fronts. Barber pole is in front of one side of the building. Building is on a tree lined dirt street in a residential area. The roof of the building is corbeled. There is no date on the photograph, possibly circa 1920\u27s. Stamp on front reads PHOTO BY JEROME J. PATTEN Four people are standing/sitting in front of building and neighboring building. 2 men wearing dark suits and hats, leaning on two different trees. 2 girls or young women wearing plaid dresses, one sitting on steps of neighboring house, one standing in front of store front with a baby carriage. 9.5 x 7.25https://digitalcommons.assumption.edu/usjb-photographs/1054/thumbnail.jp
Advertising
Get PDFThis chapter examines commercial advertising, with primary emphasis on consumer-oriented advertisements for goods and services in eighteenth- and nineteenth-century America. It focuses on printed advertising media that targeted readers as purchasers and end-users of goods, but it also includes sellers who simultaneously advertised their goods and services both to readers/consumers directly and to retailers who sold to end-users
The Factors that Influence the Selection of Literature in a High School English Language Arts (ELA) Curriculum
Get PDFEvery year the final week of September is a week dedicated to the works of literature that have been banned and challenged. Appropriately called Banned Books Week, librarians and educators around the world attempt to educate students as well as other citizens about the causes of banned and challenged books. Another way in which to research this concept of selection is to look at the factors that influence high school English Language Arts (ELA) teachers’ specific selection choices for texts to include in their curriculum. The purpose of this research and study was to examine what factors influence the choices made by high school ELA teachers as they select literature for their classes. Public, private, and charter high school English teachers from Massachusetts, Connecticut, and Rhode Island were surveyed. After reviewing survey responses, I asked nine teachers to be interviewed in more depth, using a semi-structured interview format. Results from both surveys and interviews suggest that these teachers think that they have autonomy to select literary texts. Literary merit, fostering lifelong readers, and including more multicultural texts emerged as the three factors that most influenced these teachers. The thoughts and feelings of students had the largest influence on literature selection while the thoughts and feelings of parents, community, and administration had surprisingly little influence on literature selection
Determinants of Net Foreign Direct Investment in the USA
Get PDFThis paper examines whether Net Foreign Direct Investment between the USA and its major trading partners (USNFDI) is affected by US Net Competitiveness (USNC), US Net Economic Freedom (USEF) and US Net Ease of Doing Business (USNE)(*). Through the use of panel data methodology, the hypothesis that US NFDI is positively affected by USNC, USEF and USNE was tested with data from the Global Competitiveness Report (World Economic Forum), the Index of Economic Freedom (Heritage Foundation), the Ease of Doing Business Index (World Bank) and the World Fact Book (CIA). It was found that all three independent variables had, as predicted, a positive effect on USNFDI, but only USNC was statistically significant. These findings suggest that rising net competitiveness in the US, between it and its trading partners, significantly contributes to higher USNFDI. As pointed out in the paper, NFDI must be judged on the basis of equimarginal welfare implications as they relate to the distribution of bilateral benefits.
(*) Definitions:
i = trading partner
USNFDI = (US incoming FDI from country i) - (US outgoing FDI to country i)
USNC = (US’s Competitiveness Rank) - (i’s Competitiveness Rank)
USEF = (US’s Freedom Rank) - (i’s Freedom Rank)
USNE = (US’s Ease of Doing Business Rank) - (i’s Ease of doing Business Rank
The Relationship Between Stress and Cognitive Functioning
Get PDFExposure to stress can negatively impact cognitive functions. The effects can depend on one’s health behaviors and mental health status. Participants in this study completed various surveys asking about their mental health status, their physical activity level, and other important information such as whether or not they take part in mindful meditation practices. In addition, they were randomly separated in two groups: a stress group who experienced the stressful version of the Trier Social Stress Test (TSST; Kirschbaum, Pirke, & Hellhammer, 1993), and a control group who experienced a non-stressful version of TSST. Participants then completed a Stroop task on a computer program, where the participants were asked to say the color of the word, rather than the word itself (Stroop, 1935). The participants’ reaction time and number of errors made were recorded. It was found that participants in the stress group reported higher levels of state anxiety and state depression than participants in the control group, as well as increased heart rate following the TSST. While previous studies have shown that when presented with threat words on the Stroop task, anxious participants are more likely to have a slower reaction time and have an increased amount of errors, participants in the present study’s stress group did not exhibit this pattern of behavior