Alberto Sols Biomedical Research Institute
Biblos-e Archivo. Repositorio Institucional de la UAMNot a member yet
65432 research outputs found
Sort by
Current Roles of Support Teachers, Analysis of Their Contribution to Inclusive School: A Narrative Review
No full textSupport in the context of inclusive education is pivotal, yet many countries struggle with integrating the evolving role of support teachers within inclusive frameworks. For that reason, some challenges and reluctance can be found in relation to the development of the functions of these professionals. Therefore, a way forward would be to clarify the role and responsibilities of support teachers in fostering inclusive educational environments. This paper aims to contribute to this discourse by conducting a narrative review of existing research on the functions of support teachers. Special attention is paid to their contributions in the construction of inclusive educational contexts. The review, which was inspired by the guidelines of the PRISMA statement, yielded 23 final studies. Four professional roles were identified: direct care-assistance, consultative-collaborative, administrative-documentary, and coordinator-leadership. Furthermore, the findings indicate that there is a predominance of individual or small group support practices outside the regular classrooms. The need to implement collaborative practices to generate support networks at both school and community levels is emphasized. Three major themes were identified as the primary challenges: teacher training, collaboration among educators, and school curricula, particularly in the post-primary stages. Orientations for rethinking the role of support teachers from an inclusive approach are outlined in the discussionThis research was funded by the: State Program for Knowledge Generation and Scientific Strengthening and Technological Development of the R&D&i System and the State R&D&i Program Oriented to the Challenges of Society, in the framework of the State Plan for Scientific and Technical Research and Innovation 2017–2020. Government of Spain. ID: PID2021-124951OB-I00. “Hacia un Diseño Universal para la Participación Social: estudio de casos múltiple sobre implementación y mejora de la participación social desde una perspectiva inclusiva (DUPAS)”. Another source of funding for this study has been thanks to the specific collaboration agreement between Fundación de la Universidad Autónoma de Madrid and Plena inclusión España, within the framework of the research: Indicadores de una hoja de ruta para el proceso de transformación de los centros de educación especial como recurso para una educación inclusiv
Valor de la presencia en vesículas extracelulares de anticuerpos frente al EBNA-1 y el VCA del virus de Epstein-Barr como biomarcadores en pacientes con esclerosis múltiple
No full textTesis Doctoral inédita leída en la Universidad Autónoma de Madrid, Facultad de Medicina, Departamento de Medicina. Fecha de Lectura: 06-03-2025Este trabajo ha sido financiado por el Instituto de Salud Carlos III con el proyecto de investigación con código de expediente CP20/00024, cofinanciado por la Unión Europea a través del Fondo Europeo de Desarrollo Regional (FEDER
Lightcones for large scale structure surveys. Exploring clustering and covariance errors
No full textTesis Doctoral inédita leída en la Universidad Autónoma de Madrid, Facultad de Ciencias, Departamento de Física Teórica. Fecha de Lectura: 21-03-2025En esta tesis se investiga la estructura a gran escala del Universo generando y analizando catálogos
simulados de galaxias -también conocidos como lightcones- a partir de las simulaciones cosmológicas
de cuerpos de Uchuu y GLAM. Estas simulaciones se emplean para replicar las estadísticas
de agrupamiento observadas en los catálogos de BOSS, eBOSS y DESI, con un enfoque particular
en las galaxias rojas luminosas. El objetivo principal de este trabajo es validar la eficacia de estas
simulaciones a la hora de reproducir la agrupación a gran escala observada, mejorando así nuestra
comprensión de la cosmología y la formación de galaxias.
La simulación Uchuu, con su elevada resolución y basada en la cosmología de Planck, se utiliza
para generar lightcones de galaxias para las muestras BOSS, eBOSS y DESI-sv3. Se emplea el método
de subhalo abundance matching para asignar galaxias rojas luminosas a los (sub)halos de materia
oscura, lo que permite un análisis detallado de las señales de agrupamiento a pequeña y gran escala,
y una comparación robusta con los datos observados. Además, las simulaciones GLAM se utilizan
para crear lightcones para la estimación de matrices de covarianza, cruciales para evaluar con precisión
las incertidumbres estadísticas en las mediciones cosmológicas. Los resultados demuestran
que tanto los lightcones de Uchuu como los de GLAM reproducen con éxito las estadísticas de agrupamiento
observadas, confirmando su capacidad para modelar con gran detalle la distribución a
(pequeña y) gran escala de los campos de materia y velocidad. La precisión de las estimaciones de
las matrices de covarianza obtenidas con GLAM refuerza aún más la fiabilidad de nuestras simulaciones,
destacando su superioridad sobre los lightcones derivados de métodos aproximados. En el
contexto de la comprobación de modelos cosmológicos, se evalúan simulaciones GLAM con y sin neutrinos
masivos, particularmente en su capacidad para replicar la función de correlación de dos puntos
observada. Los resultados sugieren que los datos actuales no proporcionan pruebas definitivas de la
presencia de neutrinos masivos, subrayando la necesidad de disponer de más datos observacionales
además de los analizados en esta tesis.
Esta tesis contribuye al campo mediante la generación de catálogos simulados de galaxias robustos
que facilitan la interpretación de los datos observacionales, mejorando así nuestra comprensión
de la estructura a gran escala del Universo y la conexión galaxia-halo, al tiempo que ofrece nuevas
perspectivas sobre los procesos físicos fundamentales que rigen la evolución cósmic
Existence and non-existence results for parabolic systems with an Hardy-Leray potential
No full textThe authors thank the anonymous eferee for his/her helpful comments that improved the quality of the manuscript. Part of this work was carried out while the first and the third authors were visiting the department of mathematics at University Autonoma of Madrid. The first author is partially supported by an Erasmus grant from Autonoma University of Madrid, Spain, and University of Tlemcen, Algeria. Giovanni Siclari is a member of the GNAMPA-INdAM. G. Siclari is partially supported by the MURPRIN project no. 20227HX33Z “Pattern formation in nonlinear phenomena” granted by the European Union – Next Generation EU. A. Primo is supported by Ayuda de Excelencia al profesorado universitario PRICIT and project PID2023-150166NB-I00, “EDPS NO-LINEALES: FLUJOS, DESIGUALDADES Y GEOMETRIA
Are all Thierry's spatulas the same? A simulation study comparing various available models
No full textContext: Thierry’s spatulas are obstetric instruments used for assisted vaginal births, known for their propulsion and guidance mechanism that minimizes traction on the fetal head. Over time, multiple models with design variations have been commercialized under the same name. The biomechanical implications of these variations remain unclear. This study aims to compare different models of Thierry’s spatulas to evaluate biomechanical differences. Methods: This was a simulation-based, experimental, prospective, randomized, three-arm study. Six obstetricians with varying levels of experience performed 108 spatula-assisted births using a birthing simulator. Three different spatula models were evaluated. Traction force on the fetal head, perineal pressure, operative time, subjective difficulty, and hand pain were recorded. Results: Significant differences were observed in the force exerted on the fetal head, with the original model applying the least force (15 (8; 21.5) N, P < 0.001). Obstetricians with more than 15 years of experience applied significantly less traction force compared to those with less than 5 years of experience. After adjusting for the spatula model and the obstetrician’s experience using multiple linear regression, the force applied to the infant was found to be independently associated with both factors. Conclusion: Thierry’s spatulas models exhibit biomechanical differences, with the original design applying the least traction force. Experience influences instrument performance, highlighting the importance of proper training. Clinicians should be aware of model-specific differences when selecting Thierry’s spatulas for operative birth
Nickel(II) Benzil Bis(Thiosemicarbazonato) Complexes as Electrocatalysts for Hydrogen Evolution Reaction
Get PDFWe report the electrocatalytic performance in hydrogen evolution reaction (HER) of three Ni(II) complexes based on benzil bis(thiosemicarbazone) ligands derived from 1,2-diphenylethanedione and 4-isopropyl-3-thiosemicarbazide (L1H2), 4-methyl-3-thiosemicarbazide (L2H2) or 3-thiosemicarbazide (L3H2). Cyclic voltammetry in dimethylformamide (DMF) exhibit two diffusion-controlled reversible processes at negative potentials, corresponding to [NiIIL3]/[NiIIL3·]− and NiII/NiI reduction processes. The catalytic activity in DMF was evaluated using acetic acid as proton source, showing the appearance of a catalytic cathodic current associated with the NiII/I redox couple. Analysis of the gas evolved from controlled potential coulometry (CPC) confirmed that the three complexes can effectively catalyse hydrogen evolution and that the catalytic activity depends on the substituent attached to the terminal amine. Electrolysis induces electrodeposition of the complexes on the electrode surface forming a film, which were also tested as HER catalysts. The results showed that the total charge produced by the films is, in all cases, lower than with the dissolved complex, but they exhibit higher faradaic efficiencies. DFT calculations were made to establish the catalytic route, and the results support an ECEC mechanism, in which E represents an electrochemical step and C is a chemical one (protonation), centred in the metal assisted by the ligandFJR acknowledges financial support from Grant TED2021-131042B–I00 funded by MCIN/AEI/10.13039/501100011033 and by “ERDF A way ofmaking Europe
Steroid hormone metabolite levels in european minks: implications for the conservation of a threatened species
Get PDFCaptive management of endangered species is a common conservation strategy. Monitoring the endocrine response related to reproduction and the increase of fecal cortisol metabolites is key to evaluating reproductive well-being and condition. We noninvasively assessed the endocrine status of captive European minks (Mustela lutreola) housed at Foundation for Research in Ethology and Biodiversity [FIEB] (a Spanish biodiversity conservation center) by measuring fecal glucocorticoid cortisol metabolite levels and testosterone, and progesterone metabolite levels. Males showed higher fecal cortisol and testosterone metabolite levels while no differences in fecal progesterone metabolite levels were found between sexes. Fecal levels of the three hormones were positively correlated. Individuals born in FIEB had lower fecal cortisol metabolites than those born in other centers and their values did not increase due to captivity duration. Hormone values obtained in FIEB could serve as a reference for this species management. However, further studies are required to ensure the well-being and reproductive success of captive and wild populationsThe authors would like to thank the Ex‐situ Conservation Program forEuropean Mink and Fundación Biodiversidad. In the same way, we would like to thank the Ministerio para la Transición Ecológica y Reto Demo-gráfico and Comunidad Autónoma of Castilla La Mancha (Spain). We are grateful to the FIEB Foundation team for allowing us to conduct this study, especially Alejandro Fernández Riba (founder and president of FIEB), forhis welcome and attention during the development of this stud
A comprehensive analysis of complications in pediatric lateral humeral condyle fractures
Get PDFBackground: Complications such as subsequent displacement and non-union in children with non-displaced or minimally displaced lateral humeral condyle fractures (LHCF) may happen. We aim to identify potential prognostic factors that could influence the outcomes of these fractures. Material and Methods: A retrospective study in a level I trauma center was performed. The patient data included demographics, injured side, fracture displacement, treatment, and the occurrence of subsequent displacement, non-union, or other complications. Fractures were classified according to the Jakob's classification, relying on simple radiographs, and displacement was quantified in millimeters using anteroposterior (AP) and lateral views. Results: The study sample comprised 89 children (80% Jakob I and 20% Jakob II). The mean age at the time of injury was 6 (3). Treatment was non-surgical in 81% of cases, while 19% received surgery. 24 patients (27%) experienced complications. Correlational analyses revealed that a higher degree of initial displacement showed significant associations with non-union, lateral condyle hypertrophy, and alignment disturbance. Predictive performance analysis indicated that displacement exceeding 1.5 mm should be surgically treated. Conclusions: Following non-displaced or minimally displaced LHCF, our study revealed an 8% occurrence of subsequent displacement and a 2% rate of non-union. An association between the initial degree of fracture displacement and the occurrence of non-union, lateral condyle hypertrophy, and alignment disturbances was observed. Fractures exhibiting displacement greater than 1.5 mm might be deemed appropriate for surgical intervention. Level of Evidence: IVOpen Access funding provided thanks to the CRUE-CSIC agreement with Springer Nature. The author(s), their immediate family, and any research foundation with which they are afliated did not receive any financial payments or other benefts from any commercial entity related to the subject of this articl
Methodological proposal for taphonomic analysis of archaeological bone remains. Development and application
Get PDFTesis Doctoral inédita leída en la Universidad Autónoma de Madrid, Facultad de Filosofía y Letras, Departamento de Prehistoria y Arqueología. Fecha de Lectura: 28-04-2025La introducción de los estudios tafonómicos en contextos arqueológicos en las últimas
décadas ha llevado a muchos investigadores a adentrarse en la Tafonomía; sin embargo, al tratarse
de una disciplina relativamente nueva, aún no hay muchos estudios relacionados con restos óseos
humanos en tiempos más recientes, centrándose todavía en materiales paleontológicos y sobre todo
faunísticos. Por esta razón, además de la complejidad y los muchos ámbitos que abarca la
Tafonomía, se ha visto oportuno realizar en esta Tesis Doctoral una propuesta metodológica para el
análisis tafonómico de restos óseos arqueológicos. A lo largo de esta investigación se plantea,
desarrolla y aplica en casos prácticos un nuevo método teórico-experimental que permite la
obtención y gestión de la información bioarqueológica y tafonómica que aportan los huesos.
Partiendo de una base bibliográfica firme que asienta las bases y el enfoque de esta
investigación, se ha creado un modelo experimental basado en dos suelos con características
opuestas: uno ácido obtenido del Monte de Valdelatas (Madrid, España), y otro básico compuesto
de un conjunto de suelos del Laboratorio de Geoquímica de la UAM. En ellos se han enterrado
durante un año las mismas muestras de diferentes animales (bóvido, cánido y suido) y diferentes
tipos de hueso (largo, plano e irregular) en un ambiente controlado. Las muestras de hueso se han
introducido en una maceta, la mitad de ellas estancas y la otra mitad drenadas, en una estufa a una
temperatura de 80-90oC, siendo saturadas semanalmente; al mismo tiempo que se realizaba la
colmatación de las muestras, se tomaban medidas de peso, T y pH de éstas. En tres puntos
diferentes de la experimentación se extrajeron huesos de las macetas para su análisis químico: al
inicio, a los seis meses y al final de la misma. Para el estudio de los restos arqueológicos, se han
elegido tres yacimientos con grandes diferencias entre sí, tanto por su localización como por su
contexto y disparidad de restos óseos conservados. Los yacimientos escogidos como casos prácticos
son: Cuéllar (Segovia, España) enmarcado en el siglo XVII d.C, Tilbes Höyük y Tilvez Höyük
(Birecik, Turquía), datados entre siglo VI a.C el primero, y los siglos XXIII-XXI a.C el segundo.
Por otra parte, para el estudio de los restos arqueológicos, se ha elaborado una ficha en la que se
incluyen de forma sencilla todos las características tafonómicas de cada hueso de forma individual,
de manera que puedan observarse excepciones, en caso de que las haya. Al igual que se hizo con las
muestras experimentales, se han realizado análisis de la composición química de los restos óseos de
los yacimientos, eligiendo muestras de fauna y humano, así como de los diferentes tipos de hueso,
en caso de ser posible.
Por último, para la gestión y el tratamiento de datos, tanto experimentales como
arqueológicos, se ha diseñado un código en Python que permite la consulta de la información, así
como su comparación y realización de estadísticas descriptivas. De este modo, se ofrece una
herramienta de trabajo viable que permite su uso y aplicación de forma sencilla independientemente
de la cantidad de huesos que haya en la muestra y las diferencias temporales y espaciales de los
yacimientos de donde proceda
Catalytic reduction of high concentration nitrate-bearing industrial wastewater for ammonium recovery
Get PDFThe concept of NH4+/NH3 production from wastewater treatment for subsequent recovery and reuse has gained much attention in the past few years. The conversion of NO3− present in wastewater into NH4+/NH3 through catalytic reduction is a sustainable approach for resource utilization from wastewater. In the present work, the application of this technique to industrial wastewater with a high NO3−concentration is proposed. A good activity of Pd−Cu catalysts supported on carbon black was observed at high NO3− concentrations. Complete NO3− conversion was achieved in water with an initial concentration of1000 mg/L and a catalyst concentration of 0.93 g/L in a stirred reactor. Furthermore, an improvement in catalytic activity was obtained when the reactor was operated without pH control, resulting in an increase inNH4+ formation to 184 mg/L. Additionally, in successive 8-h reaction cycles with a reaction medium equivalent to that of industrial wastewater, a progressive decrease in catalytic activity was observed, which may be associated with a noticeable decrease in the Pd0/Pdn+ species ratioThe authors greatly appreciate the support from Spanish Agencia Estatal de Investigación RTI2018-098431−B-I00 (MCIU/AEI/FEDER, UE). Dydia Tanisha González thanks the Regional Government of Madrid for a research grant (PEJ-2020-AI/AMB-17551