Alberto Sols Biomedical Research Institute
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Teoría quiral de la cognición del lenguaje figurado
No full textTesis Doctoral inédita leída en la Universidad Autónoma de Madrid, Facultad de Filosofía y Letras, Departamento de Lingüística General, Lenguas Modernas, Lógica y Filosofía de la Ciencia, Teoría de la Literatura y Literatura Comparada. Fecha de Lectura: 17-02-2025La presente tesis doctoral propone una teoría quiral de la cognición del lenguaje figurado. En primer lugar, revisa el pensamiento histórico sobre la metáfora, los tropos y las figuras retóricas en general desde la época grecorromana hasta el siglo XX y resume cuatro etapas de la cognición del lenguaje figurado referidas en la bibliografía existente, esto es, el patrón unitario, el patrón binario primario, el patrón binario avanzado y el patrón ternario
o integrado. Por consiguiente, sostiene que existe un patrón quiral de la cognición del lenguaje figurado de los seres humanos entre el patrón unitario y el patrón binario primario, traslada el concepto de quiralidad desde las ciencias naturales hasta las ciencias lingüísticas y aborda el concepto de la quiralidad figural mediante la definición y la descripción de sus propiedades como el principio de quasi-simetría, homoquiralidad figural, heteroquiralidad figural, anfiquiralidad figural y panquiralidad figural, así como mediante la clasificación del lenguaje figurado según dichas propiedades de la quiralidad figura
Homogeneización de clases y materiales en diferentes unidades docentes en obstetricia y ginecología: un estudio cuasi-experimental
Get PDFObjective: To evaluate the impact of standardizing lessons and materials across different teaching units in obstetrics and gynecology on students’ satisfaction, perceived exam preparation adequacy, and the necessity for content standardization. Methods: A quasi-experimental study was conducted over two semesters with fourth-year medical students. In the first semester, faculty members from four teaching units independently designed their lessons and materials. In the second semester, standardized teaching materials were implemented across all units. Student perceptions were assessed through surveys measuring content relevance, satisfaction, exam preparation adequacy, and perceived discrepancies in teaching materials. Results: A total of 180 students participated in the first semester, and 184 in the second semester. Students in the first semester, where faculty had autonomy, reported higher satisfaction and a better perception of exam preparation adequacy (80.0 vs. 72.5, p < 0.001). The percentage of students perceiving discrepancies in teaching materials decreased after standardization (63.3% vs. 57.6%, p = 0.264). However, the proportion of students considering standardization necessary declined significantly (94.4% vs. 57.1%, p < 0.001). Additionally, nine students in the second semester rated satisfaction below 5, compared to none in the first semester (p = 0.004). Conclusions: The study suggests that while standardization improves content consistency, it may reduce student satisfaction and perceived exam preparation adequacy. A rigid standardization model may not fully address students' learning needs. A hybrid approach, balancing standardization with faculty autonomy, could optimize educational outcomes in medical trainin
Association of HLA-B*53 with DRESS syndrome in patients treated with raltegravir: two case reports and a literature review
No full textIntroduction: Raltegravir, an HIV integrase inhibitor, although generally well tolerated, may cause severe reactions such asdrug reaction with eosinophilia and systemic symptoms (DRESS). This syndrome has been associated with impaired drug me-tabolism, viral reactivation and genetic factors including HLA-B*53:01. We describe two cases of DRESS in a raltegravir-treatedcohort and review the relevant literature. Methodology: Medical records from Hospital Universitario de La Princesa (2008–2020) were retrospectively reviewed to iden-tify patients genotyped for HLA-B*53 who received raltegravir. Suspected DRESS cases were assessed using the RegiSCAR scor-ing system and Naranjo algorithm. A structured literature search was conducted to identify additional published cases. Results: Among 109 patients treated with raltegravir, three (2.8%) were HLA-B*53 carriers. Two developed DRESS, while noevents occurred in non-carriers. One presented with fever, rash, lymphadenopathy, hepatitis and HHV- 6 reactivation (RegiSCAR6). The second developed eosinophilia, rash and pulmonary symptoms (RegiSCAR 4). The third carrier remained asymptomatic. A continuity correction yielded a RR of 133.9. Nine additional cases were identified in the literature and summarized accordingto clinical features and HLA-B*53 status. Conclusion: Findings support a potential genetic predisposition involving HLA-B*53:01 in raltegravir-induced DRESS. Screeningin high-prevalence populations may help prevent severe reactions. Further research should refine diagnostic and management strategie
Tactile cues and object use in multimodal communicative behaviors: parent-infant interactions from 9 to 12 months of age
No full textThis study explores how physical contact is used in parent‐infant dyads from 9 to 12 months of age, focusing on the role of touch
and the use of objects in supporting language development. Thirty‐five monolingual Spanish‐speaking dyads were observed
longitudinally in a free play situation. We analyzed physical contact, considering who initiated the contact, its function, the use
of objects and the coordination with speech. Results showed that adults initiated physical contact more frequently than infants,
particularly at 9 months, while infant‐initiated touch tended to be longer in duration and predominantly affective in nature. In
contrast, adult‐initiated touch was often functional and, when involving objects, frequently accompanied by verbal input.
Notably, these object‐mediated tactile cues were used to convey social meanings and were synchronized with speech, suggesting
a scaffolding function for lexical development. As infants’ comprehension increased, the frequency of these cues decreased,
indicating a developmental shift toward more distal communication strategies. These findings highlight the importance of
tactile interaction in multimodal communication and in the establishment of joint attention frames, especially during the period
of transition to first words, underscoring the need for a broader understanding of language as a multimodal phenomenonThis research is part of the project with reference number PID2021‐123907NB‐I00, and is supported by a PhD studentship with reference PRE2022‐105473 both funded by the Spanish Ministry of Science, Innovation and Universitie
La escuela de música y danza de Cercedilla. Un estudio de caso
No full textTesis Doctoral inédita leída en la Universidad Autónoma de Madrid, Facultad de Formación del Profesorado y Educación, Departamento Interfacultativo de Música. Fecha de Lectura: 04-07-2025El siguiente trabajo se enmarca dentro del ámbito de la educación musical no formal, en concreto sobre la educación musical en escuelas municipales de música y danza. El objetivo principal de este trabajo es realizar un estudio exhaustivo de una escuela municipal de música y danza específica, con el propósito de comprender su evolución desde su inauguración hasta el fin de esta investigación. Asimismo, se busca evaluar sus índices de calidad y profundizar en el papel social que desempeña dentro del municipio al que pertenece.
Para ello, se ha optado por un estudio de caso, una metodología cualitativa que permite explorar a fondo las características particulares de la institución. Sin embargo, el enfoque metodológico empleado en este trabajo es mixto, integrando técnicas e instrumentos de recogida de datos cualitativas como la entrevista y el cuestionario diseñados para recopilar información detallada y contextualizada sobre la percepción de los actores involucrados, como docentes, estudiantes y autoridades locales y, por otro lado, en la vertiente cuantitativa, se ha llevado a cabo un análisis estadístico de diversos indicadores claveThe following work is framed within the field of non-formal music education, specifically on music education in municipal music and dance schools. The main objective of this work is to carry out an exhaustive study of a specific municipal music and dance school, with the purpose of understanding its evolution from its inauguration until the end of this research. It also seeks to evaluate its quality indexes and to go deeper into the social role it plays within the municipality to which it belongs.
For this purpose, a case study has been chosen, a qualitative methodology that allows us to explore in depth the particular characteristics of the institution. However, the methodological approach used in this work is mixed, integrating qualitative data collection techniques and instruments such as the interview and the questionnaire designed to collect detailed and contextualized information on the perception of the actors involved, such as teachers, students and local authorities, and, on the other hand, on the quantitative side, a statistical analysis of various key indicators has been carried ou
Legal Cadastre and Land Registry in Spain. The bureaucratic invention of the need for coordination (1883-1961)
No full textEste estudio trata de dar una explicación desde la historia del derecho al viejo problema de la falta de coordinación entre el Catastro y el Registro en España. Aquí se abandona la interpretación de la ciencia jurídica, basada en la diversidad de naturaleza, objeto y fines estas instituciones, y se trata de superar la de una historia social o política, basada en factores materiales o presiones de la oligarquía terrateniente. Este trabajo pone de manifiesto que los principales artífices y gestores del Catastro y del Registro de la propiedad, fascinados primero por el modelo del Acta australiana Torrens y luego por el ejemplo del Registro del Código civil suizo, propusieron hasta la década de los años veinte del siglo xx la formación de un Catastro con efectos jurídicos que fusionaba incluso las dos instituciones. Los motivos para disociar las dos instituciones y plantear, en consecuencia, como única solución posible la «coordinación» consistieron no solo en la competencia corporativa entre varias burocracias técnicas y letradas (notarios, registradores, agrimensores, ingenieros), sino también en una muy distinta concepción que unos y otros tuvieron sobre el papel que el Estado debía tener en la constitución de la propiedad contemporánea en España. En este sentido, mientras los técnicos del Catastro pensaron que la determinación de los titulares mediante un deslinde general basado en la posesión efectiva no resultaba problemática, para los funcionarios del Registro de propiedad esta determinación no era tan fácil, pues vulneraba los derechos de propiedad que, hoy podemos advertir, traían causa también de situaciones posesorias y tradicionales de dominioThis study attempts to provide a legal history explanation of the old problem of the lack of coordination between the Cadastre and the Land Registry in Spain. It abandons the interpretation of legal science, based on the diversity of the nature, purpose and aims of these institutions, and attempts to go beyond that of a social or political history, based on material factors or pressures from the landed oligarchy. This work shows that the main architects and managers of the Cadastre and the Land Registry, fascinated first by the model of the Australian Torrens Act and then by the example of the Register of the Swiss Civil Code, proposed until the 1920s the formation of a Cadastre with legal effects which even merged the two institutions. The reasons for dissociating the two institutions and consequently proposing «coordination» as the only possible solution consisted not only in the corporate competition between various technical and legal bureaucracies (notaries, registrars, surveyors, engineers), but also in the very different conception that each had of the role that the State should play in the constitution of contemporary property in Spain. In this sense, while the technicians of the Cadastre thought that the determination of titleholders by means of a general demarcation based on effective possession was not problematic, for the officials of the Land Registry this determination was not so easy, as it violated property rights which, as we can realise today, were also be rooted on possessory and traditional real estate right
Responsabilidad Social Corporativa (Tema 1)
No full textEste podcast traza la genealogía de la Responsabilidad Social Corporativa
(RSC) desde sus antecedentes en la década de 1930 hasta las actuales corrientes del
siglo XXI. En los años treinta y cuarenta del siglo XX, podemos identificar iniciativas
voluntarias impulsadas por empresarios que pretenden mitigar las consecuencias
negativas asociadas a la crisis económica de 1929. Sin embargo, estas iniciativas, que si
pueden ser consideradas medidas de Responsabilidad Social (RS), no constituyen una
estrategia corporativa en sentido estricto (no son RSC). La RSC nace en los años
cincuenta del siglo XX en los Estados Unidos con figuras pioneras como Howard R.
Bowen. Las décadas de 1960 y 1970 constituyen una etapa de esplendor y debate
marcada por las críticas que a este concepto desarrolla Milton Friedman y por el
desarrollo de modelos teóricos tan influyentes como el de Archie B. Carroll. En los años
ochenta cobran relevancia nociones como "ética empresarial" y "stakeholders",
mientras que en los noventa la RSC es comprendida como un factor de competitividad
de la empresa. Finalmente, en el siglo XXI este concepto evoluciona hacia un enfoque
estratégico, en el que emergen nociones clave como “valor compartido” o “Agenda
2030”Proyecto de innovación docente denominado “SocioPodcast: una introducción amena a los conceptos básicos de la sociología para estudiantes de grado y máster” (CEE_012.25_INN
In-gel protein digestion using acidic methanol produces a highly selective methylation of glutamic acid residues
No full textMass-tolerant open search methods allow the high-throughput analysis of modified peptides by mass spectrometry. These techniques have paved the way to unbiased analysis of post-translational modifications in biological contexts, as well as of chemical modifications produced during the manipulation of protein samples. In this work, we have analyzed in-depth a wide variety of samples of different biological origin, including cells, extracellular vesicles, secretomes, centrosomes and tissue preparations, using Comet-ReCom, a recently improved version of the open search engine Comet-PTM. Our results demonstrate that glutamic acid residues undergo intensive methyl esterification when protein digestion is performed using in-gel techniques, but not using gel-free approaches. This effect was highly specific to Glu and was not found for other methylable residues such as AspThis study was supported by the Spanish Ministry of Science and Innovation, Agencia Estatal de Investigacion by competitive grants PID2021-122348NB-I00, PID2022- 141890B-I00, PID2020-120412RB-I00, PDC2021–121797-I00 and PGC2018–097019-BI00 funded by MICIU/AEI/ 10.13039/5011000110 33 and by “ERDF A way of making Europe”, PLEC2022–009298, PLEC2022–009235 and EQC2021–007053-P funded by MICIU/AEI/10 .13039/501100011033 and by “European Union NextGenerationEU/ PRTR”, and S2022/BMD-7333-CM (INMUNOVAR-CM) and P2022/ BMD7209 (INTEGRAMUNE) funded by Comunidad de Madrid. CIBER Cardiovascular (CB16/11/00272, CB16/11/00277) Fondo de Investigacion Sanitaria del Instituto de Salud Carlos III; co-funding by Fondo Europeo de Desarrollo Regional (FEDER). The project leading to these results has received funding from”La Caixa” Foundation under the project codes LCF/PR/HR22/52420019 and LCF/PR/HR23/52430018. MLP is supported by a FPI fellowship (PRE2021–097478). ALG is supported by a FPU fellowship (FPU18/03882). RBR is supported by a FPU fellowship (FPU20/03365). CAD is supported by a FPI fellowship (PRE2019–090019). The CNIC is supported by the Instituto de Salud Carlos III (ISCIII), the Ministerio de Ciencia, Innovacion y Universidades (MICIU) and the Pro CNIC Foundation), and is a Severo Ochoa Center of Excellence (grant CEX2020–001041-S funded by MICIU/AEI/10.130 39/501100011033
Usefulness of multi-organ point-of-care ultrasound as a complement to the diagnostic process in an Internal Medicine outpatient clinic: Point-of-care ultrasound in the internal medicine clinic
No full textStandardization of interstitial lung disease assessment by ultrasound: results from a Delphi process and web-reliability exercise by the OMERACT ultrasound working group
No full textArtículo escrito por un elevado número de autores, solo se referencian el que aparece en primer lugar, el nombre del grupo de colaboración, si le hubiere, y los autores pertenecientes a la UAMObjectives
Over the last years ultrasound has shown to be an important tool for evaluating lung involvement, including interstitial lung disease (ILD) a potentially severe systemic involvement in many rheumatic and musculoskeletal diseases (RMD). Despite the potential sensitivity of the technique the actual use is hampered by the lack of consensual definitions of elementary lesions to be assessed and of the scanning protocol to apply. Within the Outcome Measures in Rheumatology (OMERACT) Ultrasound Working Group we aimed at developing consensus-based definitions for ultrasound detected ILD findings in RMDs and assessing their reliability in dynamic images.
Methods
Based on the results from a systematic literature review, several findings were identified for defining the presence of ILD by ultrasound (i.e., Am-lines, B-lines, pleural cysts and pleural line irregularity). Therefore, a Delphi survey was conducted among 23 experts in sonography to agree on which findings should be included and on their definitions. Subsequently, a web-reliability exercise was performed to test the reliability of the agreed definitions on video-clips, by using kappa statistics.
Results
After three rounds of Delphi an agreement >75 % was obtained to include and define B-lines and pleural line irregularity as elementary lesions to assess. The reliability in the web-based exercise, consisting of 80 video-clips (30 for pleural line irregularity, 50 for B-lines), showed moderate inter-reader reliability for both B-lines (kappa = 0.51) and pleural line irregularity (kappa = 0.58), while intra-reader reliability was good for both B-lines (kappa = 0.72) and pleural line irregularity (kappa = 0.75).
Conclusion
Consensus-based ultrasound definitions for B-lines and pleural line irregularity were obtained, with moderate to good reliability to detect these lesions using video-clips. The next step will be testing the reliability in patients with ILD linked to RMDs and to propose a consensual and standardized protocol to scan such patient