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In what direction do you think gender identity studies in art history will evolve?
No full textEste artículo, hecho por encargo del equipo editorial, responde a la siguiente pregunta: ¿En qué dirección van a evolucionar los estudios sobre identidades de género en la historia del arte? La autora, con una amplia y reconocida trayectoria en la historia del arte desde la perspectiva de género, resume aquí la aportación fundamental que supuso la incorporación de las metodologías feministas a la historia del arte en los años setenta del siglo xx, a modo de estado de la cuestión sobre este asunto. Considera que, desde hace medio siglo, la perspectiva feminista se ha ido enriqueciendo con un volumen tal de investigaciones, estudios y voces diversas que ha dejado de ser una visión minoritaria (y mal considerada) entre las/os historiadores/as del arte para pasar a ocupar un lugar importante en los debates metodológicos y círculos académicos vinculados a la disciplina, así como en las instituciones artísticas que conforman el sistema del arte. Y, por último, afirma que la modificación de las perspectivas iniciales con nuevos debates y líneas de investigación nos permiten imaginar en qué direcciones puede evolucionar la aportación de los feminismos a la disciplina en un futuro próximoThis article, commissioned by the editorial team, answers the following question: In what direction do you think that gender identity studies in art history are going to evolve? The author, widely recognized for her expertise in gender perspectives and art history, summarizes the fundamental contribution made by the incorporation of feminist methodologies to the discipline in the 1970s, offering a historiographic review on the most pertinent literature. She posits that for half a century, the feminist perspective has been enriched by a tremendous amount of research, incorporating new and diverse voices and issues. As a result, it no longer constitutes a minor or peripheral field in art history (or a poorly considered one); it now occupies an important place in methodological debates and academic circles, as well as in the institutions that make up the greater art system. Lastly, the article affirms that the initial perspectives have been transformed into new debates and avenues of research that allow us to imagine the future directions of the field and, more specifically, the ways in which the contribution of feminisms can evolve in the discipline of art histor
The formation of greek identity. Artisanal knowledge, maritime power, democracy, and philosophy in Athens
No full textUna comprensión integral de la historia del conocimiento en la Grecia clásica
requiere una mirada holística e interdisciplinar que conecte técnica, saber práctico,
estructuras políticas y pensamiento filosófico. No resulta sencillo, basándose solo
en fuentes tradicionales, mostrar con claridad la interacción entre construcción
naval, prácticas artesanales, discurso filosófico y las tensiones de una democracia
jerarquizada como la ateniense. Frente a la imagen idealizada de Atenas como
centro del pensamiento racional, se debe reconsiderar el papel de la cultura material,
el conocimiento artesanal y situado, el poder naval y otros agentes sociales en
su desarrollo económico, militar, político y epistémico. La integración de estas
dimensiones exige un enfoque colaborativo entre historia, filosofía, arqueología,
antropología e historia social de la ciencia que, en diálogo con la historiografía
clásica y mediante la noción de «epistemología artesanal», aborde la complejidad
de la sociedad griegaA comprehensive understanding of the history of knowledge in Classical Greece
requires a holistic and interdisciplinary approach that connects technique, practical
knowledge, political structures, and philosophical thought. It is not easy, relying
solely on traditional sources, to clearly show the interaction between shipbuilding,
artisanal practices, philosophical discourse, and the tensions within a deeply
hierarchical democracy like Athens. Against the idealized image of Athens as
a center of rational thought, it is necessary to reconsider the role of material
culture, artisanal and situated knowledge, naval power, and other social agents
in its economic, political, military, and epistemic development. Integrating
these dimensions demands a collaborative approach among history, philosophy,
archaeology, anthropology, and the social history of science which, in dialogue
with classical historiography and using the concept of «artisanal epistemology»,
addresses the full complexity of Greek societyEste trabajo ha sido realizado en el marco de una beca predoctoral FPI, financiada por la Comunidad de Madrid (PIPF-
2023/PH-HUM-30983) y se inscribe en los proyectos Cultura marítima ibérica y prácticas oceanográficas en el Mediterráneo
y el Atlántico: conocimiento tácito, estandarización, conocimiento práctico y geopolítica (PID2019-111054GB-I00, 2021–2023)
y Epistemología artesanal: saberes locales y artefactos globales (GLOBARTIS)
Antropología de los desastres: experiencias, percepciones y representaciones del terremoto de Lorca
Get PDFTesis Doctoral inédita leída en la Universidad Autónoma de Madrid, Facultad de Filosofía y Letras, Departamento de Antropología Social y Pensamiento Filosófico. Fecha de Lectura: 26-10-2021Esta tesis tiene embargado el acceso al texto completo hasta el 19-01-2025Esta investigación pretende profundizar la noción socio-antropológica de desastre y de riesgo, analizando un caso de estudio emblemático en el contexto español: el desastre manifestado por el terremoto de Lorca (Murcia) de 2011. Considerar los desastres como procesos en gran medida construidos social y culturalmente significa reconocer que tenemos margen de acción para reducir su impacto. La cuestión ética a la base de la antropología de los desastres supone hacer una antropología implicada, de orientación pública, que contribuya con propuestas a una gestión de los desastres que ponga en el centro las personas.
A partir de la investigación etnográfica en Lorca, se hace un recorrido por las experiencias del terremoto de Lorca, poniendo en valor las memorias y narrativas de las personas que han vivido el desastre (terremoto emocional) que revelan representaciones del desastre y percepciones del riesgo, así como la alteración de la relación con su paisaje doméstico (terremoto urbano) y los varios cambios y conflictos que ha habido en la ciudad, relacionados especialmente con la gestión de las ayudas y el proceso de reconstrucción (terremoto social). Sucesivamente se analiza la preparación de la ciudad y la percepción del riesgo hoy. Se concluye que el desastre de Lorca ha sido y es un proceso complejo, multidimensional y multiactor, en el cual el terremoto ha sido un hito en la historia local, capaz de producir identificación colectiva y de mantener presencia en la ciudad a distancia de años, visibilizando la existencia del riesgo sísmico local y representando hoy una oportunidad para para fortalecer la prevención de futuros desastres y la preparación de la ciudadanía. La tesis concluye con 17 recomendaciones prácticas para la prevención, preparación y gestión de desastre
A decision analysis model for smart mobility system development under circular economy approach
No full textCircular economy (CE) is recognized as one of the most popular theories of the decade. Its domain spreads to disciplines like production, environmental sciences, and transport/mobility sectors. This research corresponds to one of the essential questions in CE which look for effective solutions in smart mobility systems regarding eco-innovation indicators. We conducted a deep survey on CE and smart mobility literature and sorted out potential solutions (alternatives) and fundamental indicators based on the Quintuple Helix model. Then, a rough-based multiple criteria decision analysis model was adopted by the incorporation of LMAW (logarithm methodology of additive weights) and MARCOS (measurement of Alternatives and Ranking according to the COmpromise Solution) methods. To analyse the potential solutions, ten experts from relevant sectors assisted us in composing an assessment platform through qualitative comparison. Initial results showed that public transport (good practices) and shared mobility services are amongst the best solutions for establishing a smart mobility plan. Our decision-making model was tested and showed that our ranking scores are highly confidential and stable. The outcome of this study can be benchmarked in urban planning, where policymakers should rethink the transport and mobility sectors, structuring, development, and economic remodelling which are top decision-making problems nowaday
Early severe cortical involvement and novel FUCA1 pathogenic variants in a pediatric fucosidosis case
No full textBackground: Biallelic pathogenic variants in the FUCA1 gene are associated with fucosidosis. This report describes a 4-year-oldboy presenting with psychomotor regression, spasticity, and dystonic postures.Methods and Results: Trio-based whole exome sequencing revealed two previously unreported loss-of-function variants in theFUCA1 gene. Brain magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) findings included corpus callosum hypoplasia, white matter hypomyeli-nation, and alterations in the globus pallidi, alongside markedly reduced cortical thickness.Conclusions: These findings suggest that cortical atrophy may occur in the early stages of fucosidosis. Early diagnosis is im-perative for genetic counseling, timely investigations, and initiating early therapeutic interventions to potentially mitigate moreextensive brain involvementThis work was supported by the Spanish Ministerio de Ciencia e Innovación (MCI), Agencia Estatal de Investigación (AEI) and EuropeanRegional Development Fund (Grant PID2022-141420NB-I00
From credulity to disbelief. Feijoo criticisms
Get PDFEn este artículo se explica la concepción de Feijoo sobre la crítica. En primer lugar, se describe su proyecto filosófico como un proyecto de crítica de la credulidad y de desengaño de los errores comunes. Frente al modelo de crítica de textos capitaneado por Mayans, se analiza la defensa que Feijoo hace de la crítica entendida no como arte sino como sano empleo del entendimiento. En segundo lugar, su proyecto filosófico es puesto en relación con los elementos reformadores de la administración de los reinados de Felipe V, Fernando VI y Carlos III. En tercer y último lugar se explica la crítica de la incredulidad de los últimos textos de Feijoo, mostrando la unidad del proyecto crítico de FeijooThis paper exposes Feijoo’s perspective about critique. On the first place, his philosophical project is described as a project of critique of the credulity, and of disbelief of the common misconceptions. Feijoo’s defence of critique as a healthy usage of the understanding –and not as an art– is analyzed, in opposition to the model of text critique led by Mayans. On the second place, Feijoo’s philosophical project is discussed in relation with the reformist factors from Felipe V, Fernando VI, and Carlos III’s reigns. In the third and last place, the critique to incredulity from Feijoo’s latest texts is explained, proving the cohesion of Feijoo’s critical projectEste artículo se ha redactado en el marco del proyecto de investigación Contra la ignorancia y la
superstición: las propuestas ilustradas de Bayle y Feijoo (PID2019-104254GB-I00
pH-sensitive phthalocyanine-loaded polymeric nanoparticles as a novel treatment strategy for breast cancer
Get PDFNovel pH-sensitive polymeric photosensitizer carriers from the phthalocyanine (Pc) group were investigated as potential photodynamic therapy drugs for the treatment of breast cancer. Their high antiproliferative activity was confirmed by photocytotoxicity studies, which indicated their high efficacy and specificity toward the SK-BR-3 cell line. Importantly, the Pcs encapsulated in the polymeric nanoparticle (NP) carrier exhibited a much better penetration into the acidic environment of tumor cells than their free form. The investigated Pc4-NPs and TT1-NPs exhibited a high selectivity to healthy fibroblasts as well as non-toxicity without irradiation. This paper describes the detailed mechanism of action of the evaluated compounds by measuring reactive oxygen species (ROS), including singlet oxygen; imaging cellular localization; and analyzing key signaling pathway proteins. An additional advantage of the evaluated compounds is their ability to inhibit the Akt protein expression, including its phosphorylation, which the Western blot test confirmed. This is particularly important because breast cancers often overexpress the HER-2 receptor-related signaling proteins. Moreover, an analysis of proteins such as GLUT-1, HO-1, phospho-p42/44, and BID revealed the significant involvement of ROS in disrupting cellular homeostasis, thereby leading to the induction of oxidative stress and resulting in apoptotic cell deat
Understanding the role of graphene oxide dispersion on tuning membrane properties for water nanofiltration
Get PDFGraphene-based membranes have shown great potential for water filtration due to the unique and tunable laminar structure of graphene materials. In this study, the properties of graphene oxide (GO) membranes were tuned in a simple and scalable manner by adjusting the formation conditions, particularly the GO load (200–600 mg m−2) and the GO dispersion concentration (2.5–40 mg L−1). The GO membranes were tested in a crossflow filtration system with aqueous solutions of heptadecafluorooctanesulfonic acid (PFOS), phenol, and NaNO3, demonstrating their potential in nanofiltration. The membranes fabricated with the highest GO load and the lowest GO concentration showed an improved rejection rate for all tested compounds, achieving 99 % rejection for PFOS. These membranes exhibited higher compaction and ordering of the GO sheets in the inner part of the membranes, which was found to have a higher impact on rejection and permeance than average interlayer spacing, even though compaction affected only a few nanometer
Tuber melanosporum Vittad. abundance and specific soil parameters predict soil enzymatic activity in wild and managed truffle producing systems
Get PDFSoil microorganisms are able to produce extracellular enzymes and are crucial for ecosystem processes like decomposition and nutrient cycling. The black truffle (Tuber melanosporum Vittad.) is a highly valued ectomycorrhizal edible fungus. It exerts a strong allelopathic effect, creating a burnt area around the host tree that impacts soil biotic and abiotic properties, and likely affects soil functioning as well. This study investigated the influence of black truffle abundance on soil functions, at different seasons and truffle-producing systems. A regional field design was set up in black truffle productive plantations and forests across the natural distribution area of this fungus in Spain. Physico-chemical soil properties, potential soil enzymatic activities related with carbon, phosphorus and nitrogen cycling, and soil fungal richness and abundance were determined. Black truffle-producing forests generally exhibited lower enzymatic activity compared to plantations, except for chitinase. Besides greater s
Hydride and halide abstraction reactions behind the enhanced basicity of Be and Mg clusters with nitrogen bases
Get PDFIn this study, we investigate the protonation effects on the structure, relative stability and basicity of complexes formed by the interaction of monomers and dimers of BeX2 and MgX2 (X = H, F) with NH3, CH2NH, HCN, and NC5H5 bases. Calculations were performed using the M06-2X/aug-cc-pVTZ formalism, along with QTAIM, ELF and NCI methods for electron density analysis and MBIE and LMO-EDA energy decomposition analyses for interaction enthalpies. The protonation of the MH2– and M2H4–Base complexes occurs at the negatively charged hydrogen atoms of the MH2 and M2H4 moieties through typical hydride abstraction reactions, while protonation at the N atom of the base is systematically less exothermic. The preference for the hydride transfer mechanism is directly associated with the significant exothermicity of H2 formation through the interaction between H− and H+, and the high hydride donor ability of these complexes. The basicity of both, MH2 and M2H4 compounds increases enormously upon association with the corresponding bases, with the increase exceeding 40 orders of magnitude in terms of ionization constants. Due to the smaller exothermicity of HF formation, the basicity of fluorides is lower than that of hydrides. In Be complexes, the protonation at the N atom of the base dominates over the fluoride abstraction mechanism. However, for the Mg complexes the fluoride abstraction mechanism is energetically the most favorable process, reflecting the greater facility of Mg complexes to lose F−This work was carried out with financial support from the projects PID2021-125207NB-C31 and PID2021-125207NB-C32 of the
Ministerio de Ciencia, Innovación y Universidades of Spain (MICINN) and the project Y2020/EMT-6290 (PRIES-CM) of the Comunidad de Madrid. Finally, the authors thank the Centro de Computación Científica of the UAM (CCC-UAM) for the generous allocation of computer time and continued technical suppor