Alberto Sols Biomedical Research Institute
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Microplastics in cronius ruber: Links to wastewater discharges
No full textMicroplastic pollution in the ocean is a growing problem. It affects the entire ecosystem and, therefore, the species that inhabit it. Plastics can be filtered or ingested by organisms, entering and negatively affecting individuals. Among the populations affected are crustaceans. In previous studies, fibers have been found mainly in the stomach contents of these animals, although other types, such as pellets, have also been found. This study examines the presence of microplastics in Cronius ruber, an invasive crab species in the Canary Islands, and investigates their potential links to nearby wastewater discharges. A total of 63 crabs were sampled from four beaches in Gran Canaria in 2021, and their stomach contents were analyzed through alkaline digestion, filtration, and micro-Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (micro-FTIR). Microplastics were detected in 52% of individuals; the particles averaged 0.7 ± 0.5 mm in length, with an average of 1.73 ± 1.02 particles per crab. Fibers constituted 89% of the microplastics, with blue and black being the predominant colors. Rayon, commonly used in textiles, was the most frequently identified polymer (52%), highlighting the role of wastewater from laundry processes as a significant pollution source. Beaches close to unauthorized wastewater discharges, such as Anfi del Mar (n = 3) and El Puertillo (n = 32), showed the highest contamination levels, with a frequency of occurrence (FO) of microplastic particles of 67% and 58%, respectively. Playa de Las Nieves was the one with the lowest contamination level (n = 22), with a frequency of occurrence of microplastic particles of 41%. This is the first study to document microplastic ingestion in C. ruber, raising concerns about its ecological presence and the potential bioaccumulation of contaminants in marine ecosystems. Further research is essential to understand the long-term consequences of microplastic exposure on invasive species and their possible roles in pollutant transfer through food websThis work was funded by the ASTRESS project (ProID2024010013, of the Canary Island government and ERDF funds), awarded to A.H. and M.G. S.H. received financial support from a predoctoral grant (FPI2024010075) from the “Agencia Canaria de Investigación, Innovación y Sociedad de la Información (ACIISI)” and “Fondo Europeo Social Plus (FSE+) Programa Operativo integrado en Canarias 2021–2027
Quantum light: Creation, integration, and applications
No full textIn today's rapidly evolving quantum landscape, the generation and manipulation of quantum light not only represent fundamental challenges but also herald unprecedented opportunities in communication, computing, sensing, and imaging. This special issue brings together a collection of contributions that span the entire journey, from the creation of quantum light using novel materials and emitters to its seamless integration into photonic architectures and eventual deployment in advanced quantum applications. This special issue, "Quantum Light: Creation, Integration, and Applications,"features a collection of three review articles, five perspectives, and 23 original research papers, highlighting both the timeliness of the topic and the remarkable breadth and richness of ongoing advancements in the fiel
Trading with the West II. Archaeological, iconographical and analytical study of four etruscan bone plaques found at the Casas del Turuñuelo Site (Guareña, Badajoz)
No full textLas intervenciones en el sector oriental del yacimiento de Casas del Turuñuelo, en Guareña,
Badajoz, han permitido el hallazgo de un nuevo conjunto de placas de hueso que se suma al ya documentado
en la campaña del año 2015. En esta ocasión, la manufactura de las piezas ha llevado a identificarlas como
importaciones de talleres etruscos y su grado de conservación ha facilitado la aplicación de diversas analíticas
para la identificación, tanto de la materia prima empleada, como de los elementos aplicados para su decoración.
De este modo, en el siguiente trabajo se recoge la información referente al estudio de las placas y su contexto
de hallazgo, así como los resultados de los procedimientos de análisis y restauración aplicados a las mismas.
Toda esta información nos permite extraer de dichas piezas una importante lectura histórica y subrayar el
potencial de los contextos de la Península Ibérica para profundizar en nuestro conocimiento acerca del comercio
mediterráneo durante la i Edad del HierroThe interventions in the eastern sector of the Casas del Turuñuelo site, in Guareña, Badajoz, have
led to the discovery of a new set of plaquettes, adding to the one already documented in the 2015 campaign. On
this occasion, the manufacture of the pieces has led to their identification as imports from Etruscan workshops,
and their degree of preservation has enabled the application of various analytical methods for identifying
both the raw materials used and the elements applied for their decoration. Thus, the following paper presents
information on the study of the plaquettes and their context of discovery, as well as the results of the analysis and
restoration procedures applied to them. All this information enables us to extract an important historical reading
from these pieces and to highlight the potential of the Iberian Peninsula’s contexts in deepening our knowledge
of Mediterranean trade during the Early Iron AgeEsta publicación es parte del proyecto de i + d +
i Construyendo Tarteso 3.0. Análisis constructivo, espacial y
territorial de un modelo arquitectónico en el valle medio del
Guadiana, ref. pid2023-149391nb-i00, financiado por
miciu/aei/10.13039/501100011033 y por feder, ue. Así
mismo, el proyecto que dio lugar a estos resultados ha recibido
el apoyo de un contrato del Ministerio de Ciencia, Innovación
y Universidades (España), con ref. fpu21/02348.
También, los trabajos de restauración han sido posibles gracias
al contrato pej-2021-ai/hum-21763 de Promoción de
Empleo Joven e Implantación de la Garantía Juvenil en i +
d + i financiado por la Comunidad de Madri
Dinámicas y relaciones vecinales en contextos locales multiculturales en España. Una reflexión comparativa
No full textEste artículo se inscribe en el proyecto PID2021-124346OB-I00, “Participación, relaciones
vecinales y convivencia en barrios multiculturales en pandemia. Un análisis comparativo”,
financiado por MCIN/ AEI/10.13039/501100011033/ y por FEDER Una manera de hacer
Europ
Reducing cellular inflammation and oxidation by supercritical CO2 extracts from edible-medicinal mushrooms
No full textExtracts from Hericium erinaceus, Ganoderma lucidum and Tremella fuciformis obtained with supercritical CO2 showed high cellular antioxidant activity (CAA) when tested on Caco-2 cell cultures. Extract obtained in separator 2 (5 MPa) after 3 h extraction at 30 MPa and 40 ◦C from G. lucidum showed a remarkable higher CAA than noticed for the other species. In addition, extracts to THP-1 macrophages reduced secretion of TNF-α and particularly IL-6 (80–90 % applied at 15 μg/mL). The G. lucidum extract was also more effective than those from the other two species except for IL-1β. The use of ethanol 5 % (v/v) as co-solvent for extractions increased the yield but reduced both activities. Extracts from studied species contained linoleic, oleic, α-linolenic and palmitic acids as the main fatty acids, and ergosterol and ergosterol peroxide (EP) as fungal sterols. Those obtained from G. lucidum included ganoderic acids A and D, ganoderol B and lucidenic acid A. When identified compounds were tested, ganoderol B, ganoderic acid A, linoleic acid, α-linolenic acid and EP showed remarkable CAA. The antiinflammatory activities of α-linolenic and linoleic acids were higher than those noticed for ergosterol and EP, and the latter compounds were more effective than the other tested triterpenoids. These results suggest that the antiinflammatory effect noticed (particularly for G. lucidum extract) might be due to a synergistic activity of the indicated compoundsThis research was supported by PID2022-139536OB-C21 project (acronym NeuroFungAl) funded by MICIU/AEI/10.13039/5011000110 33 and FEDER/UE. Cristina Soler-Rivas wants to thank Sang Hee Shim and Sung Hee Bang from Duksung Women’s University (College of Pharmacy) Dobong-gu, Seoul (Republic of Korea) and Ministry of Science, innovation and Universities because she was granted with a Salvador de Madariaga fellowship (PRX19/00241). Paula García-Ponsoda was financed by PIPF-2022/BIO-24272 grant from Comunidad Autónoma de Madrid (Spain). Eva Tejedor-Calvo has received the grant JDC2022-048252-I funded by MICIU/AEI/10.13039/501100011033 and “european Union NextGenerationEU/PRTR
Scandinavian culture and cultural rhetoric in Jorge Luis Borges’s «Undr»
No full textEn este artículo me ocupo de la presencia de la literatura escandinava en el cuento «Undr», y de su funcionamiento retórico-cultural en su influencia perlocucionaria en el lector con el establecimiento de un código comunicativo retórico-cultural que conecte al lector y al autor en la obra. Se estudia el papel que la enigmática palabra que constituye la poesía de los urnos tiene en el entramado del texto. Por el perfil metaliterario del cuento, se presta atención a las peculiares metáforas que son las kenningar y a las transferencias literarias que lleva a cabo el autor. Todo ello fundamenta un estudio del texto con el instrumento que es la retórica cultural, de modo que el propio análisis contribuye a la teoría y a la posición de la retórica cultural en una teoría y crítica transferencialIn this article I deal with the presence of Scandinavian literature in Borges’s short story «Undr», and its cultural-rhetorical function in its perlocutionary influence on the reader with the establishment of a cultural-rhetorical communicative code that connects the reader and the author in the work. The role that the enigmatic word that constitutes the poetry of the Urns has in the fabric of the text is studied. Due to the metaliterary profile of this short story, attention is paid to the peculiar metaphors that are the kenningar and to the literary and cultural transfers carried out by the author. All this underpins a study of the text with the instrument of cultural rhetoric, so that the analysis itself contributes to the theory and to the location of cultural rhetoric within a transferential theory and critiqueEste artículo es resultado de investigación realizada en el proyecto de I+D+i de Generación de Conocimiento titulado «Transferencias en literatura y discurso: Poética, Retórica y perspectivas comparadas. Construcción y propuesta de una Teoría y Crítica Transferencial», Acrónimo: TRANSFERRE, Referencia: PID2023-148361NB-I00, financiado por la Agencia Estatal de Investigación, el Ministerio de Ciencia, Innovación y Universidades y cofinanciado por la Unión Europe
Towards a green disruptive jump. The potential of forests before of the green new deal and the new CAP 2021-2027
No full textLos terrenos forestales desempeñan un papel
principal ante los desafíos del Cambio Climático
(constituyen el principal sumidero de carbono
gestionable por la humanidad), así como para el
desarrollo de la actividad económica y el empleo en
las zonas rurales. Desde este presupuesto, en el
presente trabajo se analizan las posibilidades que
presenta el Pacto Verde Europeo y la Nueva PAC
2021-2027 para movilizar el enorme potencial de
los montes como escudo en la lucha contra el
cambio climático y como motor de impulso
económico en las zonas rurales, siendo más que
nunca ahora necesario que estén necesariamente
presentes en los programas de reconstrucción tras
el COVID-19Forest lands play a leading role in the face of the
challenges of Climate Change (they constitute the
main carbon sink manageable by humanity), as well
as for the development of economic activity and
employment in rural areas. From this starting point,
this work analyzes the possibilities presented by the
European Green Pact and the New CAP 2021-2027
to mobilize the enormous potential of the forests as
a shield in the fight against climate change and as
an engine of economic push momentum in rural
areas, being more than ever now necessary to be
necessarily present in the reconstruction programs
after COVID-1
Multiscale extensions for enhancing coarse grid computations
No full textMany phenomena in Physics and Engineering are modeled by Partial Differential Equations. Typically, analytical solutions of such problems are unknown. Hence, numerical schemes are applied for approximating the exact solutions. In order to accurately approximate the exact solutions, very fine grids are required. However, the computations become too costly. In this work, a multiscale iterative approach is utilized for enhancing the accuracy of coarse grid computations which results from a high-order finite difference scheme. The main idea is to run the finite difference computations on a coarse grid until some intermediate time level. Then, the coarse grid results are interpolated and extended to a fine grid using Laplacian Pyramids, a multiscale iterative approach. Finally, the finite difference scheme is employed on the finer grid until a prescribed final time. Comparing the results to those obtained on a fine grid, we see that the convergence rates obtained from the two methods are comparable, while the computational time is significantly reduced. A modified multimodal Laplacian Pyramids algorithm for predicting future values of the solution is also suggested. The method approximates and extends a function based on two or more input modalities coded by a series of multiscale kernels, which are averaged as a convex combination. In this work, the modalities are the numerical model's approximations of the solution of the differential equation and its derivative at previous time steps, and the goal is to predict the solution at a proceeding time step. It can be seen that, by adapting the convex combination of the kernels to local regions of the solution with stronger or weaker gradients, the predicted results are improvedThis research was supported by the Israel Science Foundation [1144/20
El gobierno corporativo de las entidades de crédito
No full textTesis Doctoral inédita leída en la Universidad Autónoma de Madrid, Facultad de Derecho, Departamento de Derecho Privado, Social y Económico. Fecha de Lectura: 04-07-2023Esta tesis tiene embargado el acceso al texto completo hasta el 04-01-2025La presente tesis doctoral aborda el estudio de la regulación del gobierno corporativo de las entidades de crédito. En particular, se analizan las principales medidas adoptadas por los ordenamientos jurídicos europeo y español para hacer frente a los problemas detectados durante la crisis financiera iniciada en 2007-2008.
El principal objetivo es dilucidar si estas medidas son suficientes para asegurar la solvencia de las entidades de crédito y evitar futuras crisis. No obstante, antes de examinar las medidas de gobierno adoptadas, su problemática y posible efectividad, se realiza un repaso a la normativa sobre requerimientos mínimos de capital. La razón para ello se encuentra en que es la naturaleza, la complejidad y la insuficiencia de esta normativa ―que es la herramienta básica para la protección de la solvencia― la causa fundamental que conduce a regular el gobierno corporativo de las entidades de crédito.
Se concluye que las medidas pueden mejorar el gobierno de las entidades en algunos aspectos, pero que son insuficientes para garantizar su solvencia y se proponen otras posibles opciones. En concreto, se analizan: la posibilidad de creación de nuevos deberes fiduciarios para los administradores de las entidades, separados de los deberes generales diligencia y lealtad; y la limitación de la regla de la discrecionalidad empresarialThis doctoral dissertation deals with the study of corporate governance of credit institutions. In particular, the measures adopted by the European and Spanish legal systems to face the problems detected during the 2007-2008 financial crisis are analysed.
The main objective is to elucidate if these measures are enough to protect the solvency of credit institutions and avoid future crisis. However, before examining the adopted governance measures, their problems and possible effectiveness, a review of the regulation on minimum capital requirements is made. The reason for this is that the nature, complexity, and insufficiency of this regulation ―which is the basic tool for the protecion of solvency― is the fundamental cause that leads to regulate the corporate governance of credit institutions.
The conclusion is that these measures can improve the governance of credit institutions in some respects, but they are insufficient to guarantee their solvency and other options are proposed. In particular, the creation of new fiduciary duties for directors of credit institutions, separated from the general duties of care and loyalty, and the limitation of the business judgment rule are analyse