Alberto Sols Biomedical Research Institute
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Apples ergo oranges: The argumentative use of comparisons
No full textThe aim of this paper is to distinguish some varieties of what I call ‘comparison argumentation.’ This way of arguing consists of supporting a claim about one thing on the basis of a comparison of that thing with another. The criteria that I use are the subject, the degree, and the purpose of the comparison. I do not intend to be exhaustive, but to address two specific questions: what sets arguments by analogy apart within this category and, from there, how they can be evaluated based on their distinctive features. An important aspect of my approach is the analysis of cases. I
have selected a relatively large corpus of examples, mainly from the news media, and will analyse them based on argumentative connectors and other conventional indicators of comparisonsThis work has benefitted from the support granted by Autonomous Universisty of Madrid and the Research Project “Argumentative practices and the pragmat-ics of reasons 2”, PID2022-136423NB-I00, funded by MCIN/ AEI / 10.13039/501100011033 and by “ERDF A way of making Europe
Deep tech entrepreneurship in Europe and the crucial role of RTOs fostering impactful industrial spin-offs.
No full textThis report, focused on deep tech entrepreneurship in Europe and the crucial role of research and technology organisations (RTOs) in fostering impactful industrial spin-offs, aims to explore the role that deep tech spin-offs and RTOs, through their technology transfer offices (TTOs), play in driving innovation, creating different types of impact including the creation of new value chains, and addressing the high-risk nature of technology commercialisation. One of the core objectives of this study is to analyse the challenges and opportunities that deep tech spin-offs face, particularly in terms of team creation and evolution over time, as well as their challenges in attracting talents, and analysing the types of impact generated by industrial deep tech spin-offs. The study’s methodology includes a comprehensive literature review, a wide stakeholder consultation, data collection from 29 TTO circle member organisations and 49 of their most impactful industrial deep tech spin-offs, data analysis, synthesis and recommendations. These recommendations are further validated through stakeholder feedback obtained during validation meetings and webinars. The European TTO circle brings together the major 35 RTOs in Europe, including the Joint Research Centre (JRC). Since its conception, the TTO circle has been contributing to boosting technology transfer and innovation in Europe by acting as a hub for exchange of best practices and collaboration among its members. It is also helping its members in exploiting their knowledge portfolios and in communicating with policymakers. Collectively the network represents 200 000 researchers and support staff, 35 000 patents and 4 000 startups in Europe. This study, therefore, provides a road map for how deep tech entrepreneurship can drive Europe’s economic renewal, directly addressing the concerns and recommendations of the Draghi report on the future of European competitiveness, and offering concrete strategies to ensure that Europe remains at the forefront of global innovatio
Entrevista a Memori Yamato (CEO Diva Corporation)
No full textEntrevista a Memori Yamato (CEO Diva Corporation) en la que se trata la dificultad de emprender en ámbito de las nuevas tecnologías, las normas de conducta en la empresa japonesa y las diferencias de género en la sociedad japonesaProyecto de investigación: FYL_074.24_INN: Aprendizaje Basado en Entrevistas, Casos y Experiencias sobre Economía y Empresa Japonesa (ABECE-Japón
In-plane dielectric constant and conductivity of confined water
No full textWater is essential for almost every aspect of life on our planet and, unsurprisingly,
its properties have been studied in great detail1. However, disproportionately little
remains known about the electrical properties of interfacial and strongly confined
water2,3, in which the structure deviates from that of bulk water, becoming distinctly
layered4,5. The structural change is expected to affect the conductivity of water and
particularly its polarizability, which in turn modifies intermolecular forces that play
a crucial role in many physical and chemical processes6–9. Here we use scanning
dielectric microscopy (SDM)10 to probe the in-plane electrical properties of water
confined between atomically flat surfaces separated by distances down to 1 nm.
For confinement exceeding several nanometres, water exhibits an in-plane dielectric
constant close to that of bulk water and its proton conductivity is notably enhanced,
gradually increasing with decreasing water thickness. This trend abruptly changes
when the confined water becomes only a few molecules thick. Its in-plane dielectric
constant reaches large, ferroelectric-like values of about 1,000, whereas the
conductivity peaks at several S m−1, close to values characteristic of superionic liquids.
We attribute the enhancement to strongly disordered hydrogen bonding induced by
the few-layer confinement, which facilitates both easier in-plane polarization of
molecular dipoles and faster proton exchange. This insight into the electrical properties
of nanoconfined water is important for understanding many phenomena that occur at
aqueous interfaces and in nanoscale poresWe thank A. Michaelides, C. Schran and J. Chen for useful discussions
and I. Horcas and J. Gómez-Herrero for support with AFM. This research was financed by
the European Research Council (grants 819417-Liquid2DM and 2XPLO2D), the Marie
Skłodowska-Curie programme (grants 793394, 842402 and 873028), the Leverhulme Trust
(grant RPG-2023-253), the UKRI (grant EP/X022471/1) and the Lloyd’s Register Foundatio
Impacto de la asociación de cáncer de mama y embarazo en los resultados obstétricos y oncológicos
No full textTesis Doctoral inédita leída en la Universidad Autónoma de Madrid, Facultad de Medicina, Departamento de Obstetricia y Ginecología. Fecha de Lectura: 09-07-202
Ambivalent Partnership of the Drosophila Posterior Class Hox Protein Abdominal-B with Extradenticle and Homothorax
No full textHox proteins, a sub-group of the homeodomain (HD) transcription factor family, provide positional information for axial patterning in development and evolution. Hox protein functional specificity is reached, at least in part, through interactions with Pbc (Extradenticle (Exd) in Drosophila) and Meis/Prep (Homothorax (Hth) in Drosophila) proteins. Most of our current knowledge of Hox protein specificity stems from the study of anterior and central Hox proteins, identifying the molecular and structural bases for Hox/Pbc/Meis-Prep cooperative action. Posterior Hox class proteins, Abdominal-B (Abd-B) in Drosophila and Hox9-13 in vertebrates, have been comparatively less studied. They strongly diverge from anterior and central class Hox proteins, with a low degree of HD sequence conservation and the absence of a core canonical Pbc interaction motif. Here we explore how Abd-B function interface with that of Exd/Hth using several developmental contexts, studying mutual expression control, functional dependency and intrinsic protein requirements. Results identify cross-regulatory interactions setting relative expression and activity levels required for proper development. They also reveal organ-specific requirement and a binary functional interplay with Exd and Hth, either antagonistic, as previously reported, or synergistic. This highlights context specific use of Exd/Hth, and a similar context specific use of Abd-B intrinsic protein requirementsWork in the laboratory of ESH was supported by grants BFU2017-86244-P and PID2020-113318GB-I00 from FEDER/Ministerio de Ciencia e Innovación-Agencia Estatal de Investigación-Consejo Superior de Investigaciones Científicas (https://www.aei.gob.es/). Work in the laboratory of YG was supported by the CNRS (Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique; https://www.cnrs.fr/fr) and AMU (Aix Marseille University https://www.univ-amu.fr/) and grants from AMIDEX n˚ ANR-11-IDEX-0001-02. Work in the laboratory of RK was supported by DBT-RLF grant by Department of Biotechnology, Government of India. Sanction No BT/RLF/Re-entry /22/20 13 (https://rcb.res.in
Vibrationally Resolved Photoionization Delays in the Water Molecule
No full textWe have implemented a theoretical approach to provide time- and vibrationally resolved photoelectron spectra and ionization time delays of polyatomic molecules as those expected from current high energy resolution reconstruction of attosecond beatings by interference of two-photon transitions setups. Its application to the H2O molecule reveals that two-photon ionization delays extracted from the calculated photoelectron spectra do not vary monotonically with photon energy and can increase or decrease along the vibrational progressions. The difference between one- and two-photon ionization delays is substantially larger when the molecular cation is left in the symmetric stretching mode (up to 35 as, i.e., comparable to the actual ionization delays) rather than in the bending mode, thus showing a strong vibrational selectivity in the laser-photoelectron interaction. Hence, the variation of calculated two-photon delays with the final vibrational state does not simply reflect the energy dependence of the Coulomb phases, as usually assumed in a structureless electronic continuum, but also the changes in the molecular geometry associated with the different vibrational modes. As vibrational excitation accompanying the emission of a photoelectron is the rule rather than the exception in polyatomic molecules, the present Letter shows the importance of considering nuclear motion for a correct interpretation of ionization time delays.This work has been supported by the European Research Council (ERC) under the European
Union’s Horizon 2020 research and innovation programme (Grant agreement No. 951224, TOMATTO) and the Spanish
MICINN projects PID2022-138288NB-C31 and PID2022- 138288NB-C32. The authors also acknowledge support
from the “Severo Ochoa” Programme for Centres of Excellence in R&D (CEX2020-001039-S) and the “María
de Maeztu” Programme for Units of Excellence in R&D (CEX2018-000805-M). R. Y. B. acknowledges support
from the project ref. SI4/PJI/2024-00243 funded by the Community ofMadridthroughthe direct grant agreement for
the encouragement and promotion of research and technology transfer at the Autonomous University of Madrid. All
calculations were performed at the Mare Nostrum Supercomputer of the Red Española de Supercomputación
(BSC-RES) and the Centro de Computación Científica de la Universidad Autónoma de Madrid (CCC-UAM
Simulaciones cosmológicasdeN-cuerpos con no-Gaussianidadesprimordiales locales
No full textTesis Doctoral inédita leída en la Universidad Autónoma de Madrid, Facultad de Ciencias, Departamento de Física Teórica. Fecha de Lectura: 29-09-202
Holistic approach in higher education in latin America to adapt to new social and labor needs: challenges for quality assurance
No full textHigher education institutions have undergone essential transformations in recent decades, driven by legislative reforms and changes in social and economic demands. This study examines the factors that influence the continuous improvement of educational quality in Ecuador’s private higher education institutions (HEIs). A quantitative, cross-sectional, descriptive–correlational study was conducted to analyze the adaptation of HEIs to new realities, student mobility, technological development, sustainability practices, and innovation. The results indicate that technological development and environmental sustainability are key elements. There is a strong correlation between technological development and adaptation to the world of work. This suggests that integrating sustainable practices and university–industry cooperation is critical in improving the quality of higher education in Ecuador. In addition, student mobility and graduate follow-up programs are positively related to labor market adaptation and internationalization. These findings suggest the need for a holistic approach to quality assurance and provide practical guidelines for Ecuadorian HEIs to improve their performance in a rapidly changing contex
Temporal Coherence of Single Photons Emitted by Hexagonal Boron Nitride Defects at Room Temperature
No full textColor centers in hexagonal boron nitride (hBN) emerge as promising quantum light sources at room temperature, with potential applications in quantum communications, among others. The temporal coherence of emitted photons (i.e., their capacity to interfere and distribute photonic entanglement) is essential for many of these applications. Hence, it is crucial to study and determine the temporal coherence of this emission under different experimental conditions. In this work, we report the coherence time of the single photons emitted by an hBN defect in a nanocrystal at room temperature, measured via Michelson interferometry. The visibility of this interference vanishes when the temporal delay between the interferometer arms is a few hundred femtoseconds, highlighting that the phonon dephasing processes are 4 orders of magnitude faster than the spontaneous decay time of the emitter. We also analyze the single photon characteristics of the emission via correlation measurements, defect blinking dynamics, and its Debye–Waller factor. Our room temperature results highlight the presence of a strong electron–phonon coupling, suggesting the need to work at cryogenic temperatures to enable quantum photonic applications based on photon interferenceWe acknowledge the support from the projects from the Ministerio de Ciencia e Innovación PID2023-148061NB-I00 and PCI2024-153425, the project ULTRABRIGHT from the Fundación Ramón Areces and the Grant “Leonardo for researchers in Physics 2023” from Fundación BBVA. This project funded within the QuantERA II Programme that has received funding from the EU H2020 research and innovation programme under GA No 101017733. S.A. acknowledges the support from the Scientific and Technological Research Council of Türkiye (TÜBI ́TAK) under GA Nos. 118F119. CA-S acknowledges the support from the Comunidad de Madrid fund “Atracción de Talento, Mod. 1”, ref 2020-T1/ IND-19785. We acknowledge Attocube for the support with the room-temperature nanopositioning system of the sample