Alberto Sols Biomedical Research Institute
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Self-assembled nanotubes from the supramolecular polymerization of discrete cyclic entities
Get PDFInspired by the extraordinary attributes displayed by nanotubes in Nature, the creation of self-assembled nano-sized hollow tubes is an area of significant and growing interest given its potential application in transmembrane ion channels, ion sensing or catalysis, among others. One of the most utilized strategies employed to build these supramolecular entities implies the stacking of discrete cyclic units. Given the intrinsic dynamicity of the forces that drive the self-assembly processes, this approach offers substantial advantages when compared to inorganic or covalent approaches, ranging from tunable pore designs to error correction, to name a few. Herein we focus on the different approaches explored to design discrete cyclic entities as building blocks for the construction of self-assembled nanotubes, as well as the analytical tools used to elucidate the resulting structures. Attending to the nature of the bond involved in the formation of the cycle, we have distinguised three main categories: covalent, non-novalent and dynamic-covalent cycles. This review thus constitutes a roadmap to build self-assembled nanotubes based on soft matter and paves the way to expand their current applicationsThis work was supported by MCIN (PID2020-116921GB-I00, TED2021-132602B-I00, PID2023-148548NB-I00) and AEI (PID2020-116112RJ-I00). F. A. is grateful to MCIN and Next Generation EU funding for a ‘‘Ramón-y-Cajal’’ fellowship (RyC2021-031538-I). J. V.-H. and P. B. C. are grateful to the Comunidad de Madrid for the PIPF-2023/TEC-30164 grant and the PEJ-2017-AI/IND-6246 contract, respectively. J. S. V. is grateful to EU funding from MSCA-IEF actions (101150870-Lightheal
Assessment of food waste hydrochar as a soil amendment: Effects on soil properties, plant growth and stress response
Get PDFThermochemical processing of biowaste generates renewable carbon-rich materials with potential agronomic uses, contributing to waste valorization. This study evaluates the application of hydrochar obtained from hydrothermal carbonization of food waste, those obtained by different post-treatments (washing, aging, and thermal treatment), as well as biochar obtained by pyrolysis as soil amendments. For this purpose, the effect of char addition (1 – 10 wt% d.b.) on a marginal agricultural soil on germination and growth of Solanum lycopersicum (tomato) plants was assessed. All the hydrochars exhibited a chemical composition suitable for agronomic use, characterized by high nutrient content, abundant organic matter, and low concentration of phytotoxic metals. In contrast, biochar exceeded the permissible limits for Cr, Cu, and Ni concentrations rendering it unsuitable for application to agronomic crops. The high temperature of thermal post-treatment and pyrolysis favored mineral and heavy metal concentration while washing significantly reduced nutrient content (N, S, P, K, Mg) along with the electrical conductivity. The addition of biochar or both washed and thermally post-treated hydrochar negatively affected tomato growth. Reduced chlorophyll content was associated with the decreased expression of genes encoding enzymes involved in antioxidant metabolism. This led to photosynthetic membrane damage, as evidenced by chlorophyll fluorescence-related parameters. Conversely, the addition of aged (≤ 5 wt%) and fresh (1 – 10 wt%) hydrochars increased both germination and plant growth compared to unamended soil, indicating that hydrochar from food waste does not require additional post-treatments to be used as a soil amendmentThis work was supported by Spanish MCIN/AEI/10.13039/501100011033 and European Union “NextGenerationEU/PRTR” (TED2021-130287B-I00 and PID 2022- 138632OB-I00). E. Suarez has received financial support from the Madrid Regional Government (PEJD-2019-PRE/AMB-14231
Visible-light-mediated deaminative alkylation of primary amines with silacarboxylic acids via isonitrile formation
Get PDFThe functionalization of the C-N bond of amines is a straightforward strategy for the construction of complex scaffolds or for the late-stage functionalization of pharmaceuticals. Herein, we describe a photoredox-catalyzed strategy for the deaminative alkylation of primary amine-derived isonitriles that provides unnatural amino acid derivatives under mild conditions. The use of Sila carboxylic acids as silyl radical precursors enables the generation of carbon-centered radicals that allow the construction of Csp3-Csp3 bonds via a Giese-type addition, avoiding the undesired hydro deamination productFinancial support by the European Research Council (ERC Consolidator Grant No. 101002715 − SCAN to M.T. and Marie Curie Postdoctoral Fellowship (Grant No. 101151954) to T.R.), the Spanish Ministry of Science, Innovation and Universities (MICIU) and the Spanish State Research Agency(AEI) (No. PID2022-142594NB-I00) is gratefully acknowledged. C.P.-S. acknowledges MICIU for a FPI predoctoralfellowship (No. PREP2022-000243
The relationship between minoritary identities and the hegemonic narrative in history class
No full textTrabajo Fin de Grado en Psicología. Curso académico 2024-2025
Modalidad A. Ensayo teóricoEste estudio explora la relación entre las identidades minoritarias del alumnado y las narrativas históricas dominantes que se les presentan durante las clases de historia a través de una revisión de literatura. Las narrativas dominantes, alineadas con una visión esencialista del pasado nacional, omiten sistemáticamente las perspectivas minoritarias del alumnado y les generan tensiones, influyendo sobre su identificación con los contenidos curriculares, su desarrollo del pensamiento histórico y su percepción de su rol en la sociedad, entre otras implicaciones. Este estudio subraya también las implicaciones éticas de estas prácticas educativas y propone recomendaciones para el reconocimiento de la diversidad presente en el aula. Se identifican, finalmente, limitaciones en la literatura relacionadas con el tratamiento
metodológico de la identidad como variabl
Cambio conceptual en la construcción del aprendizaje geográfico en educación infantil
No full textTesis Doctoral inédita leída en la Universidad Autónoma de Madrid, Facultad de Formación del Profesorado y Educación, Departamento de Didácticas Específicas. Fecha de Lectura: 27-05-2025This dissertation aims at delving into the building of thinking in early childhood education, between 3 and 6 years old. The research covers the geographical concepts found in the official curricula for each of the years. The dissertation shows action research with techniques and instruments associated, as well as productions. In this regard, graphical representations and drawings as a means to understand the world are put into value in the stage of early childhood education. The processes of assimilation and accommodation of geographical concepts should be adapted to students. The creation of the first ideas about scientific concepts comes from everyday concepts, early ideas that are connected to their short lives. Therefore, some conceptual errors related to geography have been detected during the first years of childhood.
Meaningful learning in early childhood is created in a globalised way using some teaching strategies that go in the same educational line. Thus, this feature, found during the pre-primary education stage, shares some elements with Geography. Children’s approximation to Geography comes from the exploration of family and school’s spaces, and from aspects that have an element of surprise in terms of emotions and sensations. This dissertation’s approach comes from professional experience in the field, and, therefore, the action research chosen took place in two educational centres in the span of six years. Consequently, different geographical concepts through early childhood education were presented, and students’ drawings in the course of the stage have been kept track of.
The outcomes of the action research show the conceptual errors that come from the curricular mismatch. That is, the curriculum deals with geographical concepts that are far from students’ current cognitive ability of assimilation. This issue does not seem to be covered by the training of early childhood educators either. The results obtained show the need of adapting concepts to a teaching approach that is appropriate for students. In this regard, this dissertation offers a set of possible teaching techniques to solve these conceptual errors. Even if these techniques might not be innovative, the dissertation promotes the use of teaching strategies that are focused on the use of drawing as a free form of acquiring the scientific concept
Teatro de la formación docente: Escenas para pensar (y encarnar) la educación
No full textEl material didáctico audiovisual se puede consultar en: http://hdl.handle.net/10486/720985Este cuaderno didáctico recoge una selección de casos teatrales breves construidos a partir de situaciones educativas complejas que plantean dilemas éticos relevantes para la práctica docente. Cada caso se presenta junto con un comentario pedagógico, objetivos formativos, preguntas de reflexión y orientaciones didácticas que permiten su trabajo en el aula.
Pensado como recurso educativo abierto, el cuaderno está diseñado para ser utilizado en asignaturas vinculadas a la ética profesional, la educación en valores, la ciudadanía o la inclusión. Su enfoque narrativo, situado y afectivo busca activar el juicio ético del profesorado en formación y fomentar la reflexión crítica sobre el papel docente en contextos de incertidumbre, conflicto o tensión pedagógica.
Los materiales han sido elaborados de forma colaborativa por profesorado de distintas universidades en el marco del proyecto de innovación docente “Desarrollo de la dimensión ética en la formación docente inicial a través de estudios de casos teatralizados”, [FPYE_022.24_INN] de la convocatoria INNOVA 2024-2025, y están concebidos para su uso flexible, tanto en entornos presenciales como virtuale
Critical Digital Literacy in non formal educational spaces
No full textEste artículo ofrece una reflexión teórica sobre cómo las tecnologías emergentes, como la inteligencia artificial, están reconfigurando los espacios tradicionales de socialización, particularmente en el ámbito educativo. Desde los enfoques conceptuales de la socialización tecnológica, la teoría crítica de la sociedad y la pedagogía crítica, el artículo tiene como objetivo proporcionar una reflexión teórica sobre la alfabetización digital crítica, destacando su relevancia para abordar el impacto social de las TIC emergentes y explorando su potencial implementación en espacios educativos no formales, especialmente aquellos mediados por entornos virtuales, donde interactúan dimensiones cognitivas, emocionales y sociales que ofrecen condiciones para un aprendizaje significativo orientado a la transformación del ecosistema digitalThis article offers a theoretical reflection on how emerging technologies, such as artificial intelligence, are reshaping traditional spaces of socialization, particularly within the educational sphere. Drawing on conceptual approaches from technological socialization, critical social theory, and critical pedagogy, the article aims to provide a theoretical framework for understanding critical digital literacy, highlighting its relevance in addressing the social impact of emerging ICTs and exploring its potential implementation in non-formal educational spaces—especially those mediated by virtual environments—where cognitive, emotional, and social dimensions interact to create conditions for meaningful learning oriented toward the transformation of the digital ecosyste
La cartografía del Catastro de Ensenada en el Reino de Granada (1750-1754). Análisis, contextualización y aplicaciones geotecnológicas
No full textTesis Doctoral inédita leída en la Universidad Autónoma de Madrid, Facultad de Filosofía y Letras, Departamento de Geografía. Fecha de Lectura: 26-05-2025En el año 1749 comenzó un gran proyecto ilustrado en los territorios de la antigua Corona de Castilla cuyo objetivo último era el de reformar la fiscalidad castellana e implementar una Única Contribución proporcional a la riqueza de cada persona. Para ello, se puso en marcha una gran averiguación que pretendía registrar los bienes, las rentas y las cargas de que fueran titulares las personas físicas y jurídicas establecidas en aquel territorio. El citado proyecto sería posteriormente conocido como Catastro de Ensenada, por ser su principal valedor y promotor Zenón de Somodevilla, el marqués de la Ensenada. Durante aquellos trabajos se levantó una interesante cartografía no técnica de multitud de localidades.
Algunas de estas obras han sido divulgadas con cierta frecuencia, si bien, hasta el momento, poco o nada se conoce sobre su contexto de producción, sobre el procedimiento operativo que se llevó a cabo durante su elaboración, sobre sus autores, sobre su naturaleza, sus características o su número. La presente tesis doctoral se ha planteado con el objetivo de resolver algunas preguntas básicas que rodean a estas interesantísimas obras. Qué, quién, cómo, cuándo, dónde y por qué son algunas de las cuestiones cuya resolución ha vertebrado la investigación cuyo desarrollo y resultados se recogen en este trabajo. Con este fin, se ha llevado a cabo un estudio integral de toda la cartografía de uno de los territorios castellanos donde se levantó un generoso número de aquellas representaciones: el viejo Reino de Granada.
Asimismo, se ha planteado un proyecto geotecnológico cuyo objetivo final es el de servir como modelo de integración, de análisis y de contextualización de materiales cartográficos de esta naturaleza a través de un geoportal desarrollado a tal efectoEsta tesis doctoral se ha realizado en el marco del proyecto de I+D+i “Avanzando en el conocimiento del Catastro de Ensenada y otras fuentes catastrales: nuevas perspectivas basadas en la complementariedad, la modelización y la innovación” (PID2019-106735 GB-C21) financiado por el Ministerio de Ciencia e Innovación, la Agencia Estatal de Investigación y el Fondo Social Europe
Endpoint estimates for Haar shift operators with balanced measures
No full textWe prove H1 and BMO endpoint inequalities for generic cancellative Haar shifts defined with respect to a possibly non-homogeneous Borel measure μ satisfying a weak regularity condition. This immediately yields a new, highly streamlined proof of the L p-results for the same operators due to López-Sanchez, Martell, and Parcet [6]. We also prove regularity properties for the Haar shift operators on the natural martingale Lipschitz spaces defined with respect to the underlying dyadic system, and proving that the class of measures that we consider is sharpJ. M. Conde-Alonso was supported by Grant CNS2022-135431 (Agencia Estatal de Investigación, Spain). N. A. Wagner was supported in part by National Science Foundation grant DMS 220327
The women'S shot put in Spain: An approach to the life story of Margarita Ramos Villar, the first spanish olympic thrower
No full textEl presente artículo presenta parte de los resultados de la investigación histórica que supone la
tesis doctoral de Esther Apesteguía Lanseros, dirigida por María Eugenia Martínez Gorroño y María
Teresa Calle Molina, sobre las circunstancias sociales y culturales que posibilitaron el inicio del
lanzamiento femenino en España entre 1960 y 1990. Al tratarse de un estudio sobre la Historia del
Tiempo Presente, la metodología utilizada ha sido específicamente diseñada, utilizando y categorizando
diversas fuentes, para posteriormente realizar un análisis documental, contrastando y triangulando la
información de las fuentes mencionadas para obtener validez y fiabilidad en los resultados obtenidos.
Basándonos en la posibilidad de poder realizar entrevistas a las fuentes orales primarias relacionadas con
el lanzamiento de peso, se expone una aproximación a la historia de vida de Margarita Ramos Villar,
primera española en participar en unos Juegos Olímpicos en esta modalidad y parte fundamental de la
historia del atletismo españolThis article aims to offer part of the results of the historical research involved in the doctoral
thesis of Esther Apesteguía Lanseros, directed by María Eugenia Martínez Gorroño and María Teresa
Calle Molina, on the social and cultural circumstances that made female athletic throw possible in Spain
between 1960 and 1990. As it is a study on the History of the Present Time, the methodology used has
been specifically designed, using and categorizing various sources, to subsequently carry out a
documentary analysis, contrasting and triangulating the information from the mentioned sources to obtain
validity and reliability in the results obtained. Based on the possibility of being able to conduct interviews
with primary oral sources related to shot put, an approach to the life story of Margarita Ramos Villar is
presented, the first Spaniard to participate in the Olympic Games in this modality and a fundamental part
of the history of Spanish athletic