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El cerdo (Sus scrofa domestica) como modelo de investigación en lesión medular cervical
No full textTesis Doctoral inédita leída en la Universidad Autónoma de Madrid, Facultad de Medicina, Departamento de Anatomía, Histología y Neurociencia. Fecha de Lectura: 07-04-2022Esta tesis tiene embargado el acceso al texto completo hasta el 13-11-202
La biografía intelectual de Claudio Guillén. A la luz de la ejemplaridad
No full textTesis Doctoral inédita leída en la Universidad Autónoma de Madrid, Facultad de Filosofía y Letras, Departamento de Filología Española. Fecha de Lectura: 11-05-2022Esta Tesis tiene embargado el acceso al texto completo hasta el 31-12-2025Esta biografía intelectual de Claudio Guillén que se presenta en forma de tesis tiene por objetivo reconstruir el itinerario vital y los marcos disciplinarios y culturales que forjaron al hombre de letras que fue Guillén y que lo convirtieron en un modelo de humanista moderno. Desde estas primeras líneas, queremos dejar constancia de que la intención que ha movido esta investigación ha sido abrir nuevos ángulos de acercamiento a Claudio Guillén a partir de su biografía, su formación intelectual y los contextos culturales en los que se movió y no el análisis pormenorizado de su producción filológica, teórica y comparatista. Junto al recorrido de los hechos y las vicisitudes de su vida intelectual, se concede singular importancia a los valores éticos en los que se sustentó su carrera profesional y que caracterizaron su perfil humano, y dentro de ellos a la noción de 'ejemplaridad
Plant canopies promote climatic disequilibrium in Mediterranean recruit communities
No full textCurrent rates of climate change are exceeding the capacity of many plant species to track climate, thus leading communities to be in disequilibrium with climatic conditions. Plant canopies can contribute to this disequilibrium by buffering macro-climatic conditions and sheltering poorly adapted species to the oncoming climate, particularly in their recruitment stages. Here we analyse differences in climatic disequilibrium between understorey and open ground woody plant recruits in 28 localities, covering more than 100,000 m2, across an elevation range embedding temperature and aridity gradients in the southern Iberian Peninsula. This study demonstrates higher climatic disequilibrium under canopies compared with open ground, supporting that plant canopies would affect future community climatic lags by allowing the recruitment of less arid-adapted species in warm and dry conditions, but also it endorse that canopies could favour warm-adapted species in extremely cold environments as mountain tops, thus pre-adapting communities living in these habitats to climate changeFinancial support was provided by the Spanish Ministry of Science, Innovation, and Universities through projects: RTI2018‐099672‐J‐I00, PID2020‐113157GB‐I00, PID2020‐115264RB‐I00; Generalitat Valenciana (CIPROM/2021/63) and Generalitat de Catalunya (AGAUR, SGR 2021 SGR 00849
Effects of removing boron from subphthalocyanines: A theoretical perspective
No full textThe element hosted within the inner cavity of phthalocyanines (Pcs) dictates the wide functional versatility of these well-known macrocycles. Subphthalocyanines (SubPcs), by contrast, are only known as boron complexes, yet they exhibit a range of emerging properties unattainable with other compounds. The effects of replacing the boron atom in these macrocycles, however, remain unclear. Herein, we present a comprehensive theoretical investigation of non-boron SubPc complexes incorporating various metal and non-metal elements. Specifically, we use density functional theory (DFT) to assess the impact of boron replacement on bowl depth, dipole moment, charge distribution, key frontier molecular orbitals, UV-vis absorption properties, ionization potential, and electron affinity of SubPcs. Our findings reveal that substituting the boron atom induces significant alterations across these properties, with pronounced variability depending on the group, atomic size, and oxidation state of the central element. Altogether, this study underscores the functional versatility that non-boron SubPcs could introduce within the broader field of porphyrinoid chemistry, paving the way for disruptive materials with tailored electronic and photophysical propertiesFinancial support from the Spanish MCIN/AEI/10.13039/501100011033 and European Union NextGenerationEU/PRTR TED2021-131255B-C43), MCIU/AEI/10.13039/501100011033/FEDER, UE (PID) (PID2023-151167NB-I00), the Comunidad de Madrid and the Spanish State through the Recovery, Transformation and Resilience Plan [“Materiales Disruptivos Bidimensionales (2D)” (MAD2D-CM) (UAM1)-MRR Materiales Avanzados], and the European Union through the Next Generation EU funds, is fully acknowledged. IMDEA Nanociencia acknowledges support from the “Severo Ochoa” Programme for Centres of Excellence in R&D (MINECO, CEX2020-001039-
Antiproliferative activity in breast cancer cells of PtL2: A steroid-thiosemicarbazone platinum(II) complex
No full textBreast cancer remains one of the most diagnosed cancers in women worldwide. Metallodrugs such as cisplatin are used in advanced stages and hormone independent tumors. We hereby report the synthesis and characterization of a new benzaldehyde thiosemicarbazone functionalized with an estradiol derivative, LH, and two metal complexes, PdCl2(LH) and PtL2. Both complexes were studied in solution showing enough stability to further perform antitumoral activity studies. The Pd(II) complex was discarded for its poor performance while PtL₂ exhibited similar cytotoxic activity to cisplatin (CDDP) in estrogen receptor (+) and triple-negative breast cancer cells. Moreover, PtL₂ demonstrated reduced toxicity in healthy cell lines. It induced cell cycle arrest at the G0/G1 phase, distinguishing its mechanism of action from CDDP, which predominantly blocks cells in the S phase. Additionally, PtL₂ displayed a balanced intracellular distribution between the nucleus and cytoplasm, independent of estrogen receptor status. Further analysis revealed that PtL₂ dysregulated antioxidant enzyme expression, potentially disrupting redox homeostasis. These findings highlight PtL₂’s potential as a promising alternative to conventional platinum-based therapies, warranting further investigation into its molecular mechanisms and therapeutic applicationsThis research was funded by PID2019-106220RB100 granted by MICIU/AEI/ 10.13039/501100011033, and PID2022-137373OB-I00 granted by MICIU/AEI/10.13039/501100011033/FEDER, UE. JMH was supported by a grant FPI-UAM 2021 from Universidad Autónoma de Madrid (Molecular BioSciences PhD programme). FAR was supported by Comunidad de Madrid grants PIPF-2022/SAL-GL- 2529
Circular economy and the polycrisis: Leveraging EU-Africa cooperation in natural resource management
No full textThis PolyCIVIS Foundational Brief explores the complexities of the 'polycrisis', an era defined by interconnected global challenges. Characterised by trans-boundary effects, multiple causality, and complex system properties, the polycrisis presents unique obstacles to traditional governance and policy responses. This paper examines the human dimensions of the polycrisis, focusing on governance, economic systems and public trust. It examines the historical context of crises, emphasising the need to move from short-term, reactive measures to long-term, systemic solutions. It also looks at the politics of framing the polycrisis and how existing governance structures can inadvertently contribute to its intricac
Catalytic reduction of oxyanions in groundwater in a contactor catalytic membrane reactor
No full textThe use of a contactor catalytic membrane reactor (CCMR) has been studied for the chemical reduction of real groundwater spiked with 50 mg/L of NO3− and 200 μg/L of BrO3−. Pd[sbnd]Cu catalysts supported on carbon black (ENS250), commercial carbon nanotubes (CNT), and CNT modified by milling (CNTm) and nitrogen doping (CNTmN) were used to fabricate the catalytic membranes. Complete conversion of BrO3− was achieved with all the catalytic membranes, while very different behaviors were observed for NO3− reduction. Pd-Cu/ENS250 catalytic membranes demonstrated the highest activity (71 %) and higher N2 selectivity (31 %), although NH4+ production could be substantially reduced by lowering the partial pressure of H2 in the CCMR. Membranes based on Pd-Cu/CNT and Pd-Cu/CNTm showed slightly lower activity but much lower selectivity to NH4+ (below 9 %). Moreover, competition between the two oxyanions for active sites was observed, leading to a slight loss of activity in NO3− reduction and an increase in NH4+ selectivity. Testing the catalytic membranes with both deionized water and real groundwater demonstrated the influence of inorganic salts commonly found in groundwater (HCO3−, Cl−, and SO42−) and organic matter. Although some decrease in activity and an increase in NH4+ selectivity was observed for real groundwater, the catalytic membranes maintained high stability over 5 successive reaction cycles. NO3− conversions close to 60 %, with NH4+ selectivity values around 5 and 9 %, were achieved, along with complete BrO3− conversion, ensuring compliance with water standardsThe authors greatly appreciate the support from Spanish Agencia Estatal de Investigación (AEI, RTI2018-098431-BI00, PID2021-122248OB-I00 (MCIN/AEI/10.13039/501100011033/FEDER, UE)). Adrián Marí thanks the Spanish AEI for a research grant (PRE-2019- 088601). This research was also funded by FCT/MCTES (PIDDAC) LSRE- LCM - UIDB/50020/2020 (DOI:10.54499/UIDB/50020/2020) and UIDP/50020/2020 (DOI:10.54499/UIDP/50020/2020); and ALiCE - LA/P/0045/2020 (DOI:10.54499/LA/P/0045/2020
The political uses of history in Venezuela: the narratives of bolivarianism
No full textTrabajo Fin de Grado en Psicología. Curso académico 2024-2025
Modalidad A. Ensayo teóricoEste ensayo tiene como objetivo llevar a cabo un análisis narrativo sobre el uso político de la historia en el marco de la Revolución Bolivariana (1999-presente). Específicamente, se pretende identificar elementos fundamentales de las narrativas nacionales del país en distintos discursos gubernamentales, conforme al modelo sugerido por Carretero y Bermúdez (2012), con el propósito de esclarecer las posibles plantillas narrativas esquemáticas presentes en las narrativas que forman parte de la memoria colectiva venezolana. Dicho proceso identificativo en la creación de narrativas históricas resulta útil para el análisis posterior de cómo estas narrativas son recibidas por la sociedad y, especialmente, estudiar su impacto en los estudiantes para la interpretación de eventos históricos en el contexto de la enseñanza de la historiaThis essay aims to carry out a narrative analysis of the political use of history during the Bolivarian
Revolution (1999-present) in Venezuela. Specifically, it intends to identify fundamental elements of the country’s national narratives in different government speeches, following the model suggested by Carretero and Bermúdez (2012), in order to clarify the possible schematic narrative templates present in the narratives that form part of Venezuelan collective memory. This identification process attending to the production of historical narratives is useful for the subsequent analysis of how these narratives are consumed by society and, especially, to study their impact on students’ understanding of historical events in the context of history educatio
Another approach to oral literature in Algeria: a journey beyond its linguistic and territorial borders
No full textEste artículo es una aproximación al estudio de la literatura oral en árabe argelino principalmente y sus conexiones con otros países del Magreb y las variedades amaziges. Hemos llevado a cabo un recorrido historiográfico por recopilaciones de distintos géneros de la literatura oral y de manuales para el aprendizaje del árabe argelino que incluyen etnotextos. Está dividido en dos apartados bien diferenciados: el siglo XIX y el XX y XXI, tomando como punto de partida 1830, fecha de la ocupación francesa. El objetivo principal que se ha querido alcanzar es el de ofrecer al investigador una visión de conjunto de los principales trabajos publicados sobre esta materiaThis paper offers another approach to the study of oral literature predominantly in Algerian Arabic and its connections with other Maghreb countries both in Arabic and Berber. I carried out a historiographical survey of compilations of different genres of oral literature as well as manuals for learning Algerian Arabic that include ethnotexts. The study is divided into two chronological sections: the 19th - 20th and 21st centuries, starting in 1830, the date of the French occupation. The main objective therefore is to provide the researcher with an overview of the principal works published on this subjectEste trabajo se enmarca en el ámbito de actuación del Proyecto de Investigación «El corpus de la narrativa oral en la cuenca occidental del Mediterráneo: estudio comparativo y edición digital (CONOCOM)» (referencia: PID2021-122438NB-I00), financiado por la Agencia Estatal de Investigación (AEI) y el Fondo Europeo de Desarrollo Regional (FEDER
Cocoa shell extract supplementation in hypertensive rats induces outward hypertrophic remodelling in mesenteric resistance arteries, reducing fibrosis
No full textHypertension is the leading risk factor for cardiovascular diseases and is difficult to control, putting the focus on foods and nutraceuticals. Cocoa has beneficial cardiovascular effects but generates large amounts of residues, such as cocoa shells, which contain bioactive molecules. In a rat model of hypertension (in males) induced by fetal–maternal undernutrition (MUN), supplementation with cocoa shell extract (CSE) at 250 mg/kg for 3 weeks reduced blood pressure, improving mesenteric resistance artery (MRA) vasodilatation. We aimed to investigate, in the same rats, the effect of supplementation on MRA remodelling and stiffening, assessing modifications in cellular and extracellular matrix and contractility. Structural and mechanical parameters were studied with pressure myography, vasoconstriction with wire myography, and cells, collagen and internal elastic lamina fenestrae with confocal microscopy. In comparison to sex-matched control animals, MUN males and females showed a reduction in MRA diameter. However, only MUN males exhibited stiffening, reduced media and increased adventitial layer thickness, and augmented collagen content and noradrenaline-induced contractions. CSE induced outward hypertrophic remodelling, with a normal wall-to-lumen ratio in all groups, and a hypertrophic effect on smooth muscle cells. In addition, in MUN males CSE reduced MRA adventitial collagen and improved elasticity. In conclusion, CSE supplementation induces MRA outward hypertrophic remodelling, possibly related to improved flood flow. In MUN hypertensive rats, the increased diameter and elasticity, associated with modification to the ratio of cells to extracellular matrix, might contribute to the blood pressure-lowering effects of CS