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Estimation of the level of knowledge on breastfeeding of midwives of the Madrid Health Service through the use of a validated questionnaire
No full textBackground: Breastfeeding women may be dissatisfied with the health care received. Poor breastfeeding training of health professionals has been documented in other studies. Improving the level of breastfeeding knowledge of professionals may increase women's satisfaction, the average duration of breastfeeding and the utilization of resources. However, these studies are scarce and especially in the midwifery group as a key element in the accompaniment of women and in the duration and maintenance of breastfeeding. Aim: The aim of this study was to estimate the level of breastfeeding knowledge of midwives in the Madrid Health Service through the use of a validated questionnaire for nurses in Spanish. Methods: This was a quantitative, descriptive, cross-sectional study and a convenience sampling. Findings: A total of 133 midwives from primary and specialized care, mean age 42 years and level of complementary training in breastfeeding finally participated. The results show a high level of knowledge, classified as excellent. However, the areas most in need of training are feeding in the first hours of life, composition of breast milk, characteristics of effective latch-on and the use of pharmacological treatment during breastfeeding. Discussion and conclusion: The need for regular training courses among professionals seems to be a real need. The level of knowledge of midwives in the Community of Madrid is good, but it is necessary to improve their level of education and training to overcome the health barriers that hinder support and follow-u
Caring in the shadows: Emotional and caregiving challenges faced by families of individuals in coercive controlling groups and relationships
No full textPurpose Studies on families of individuals experiencing coercive control have generally considered them as informants or supporters, often overlooking their own difficulties and needs. Evidence from other areas highlights the importance of acknowledging family emotions and caregiving experiences, emphasizing their impact on family mental health and the progression of their relatives’ condition. This study aimed to explore the emotional and caregiving challenges faced by family members and friends of individuals in coercive controlling groups and relationships, along with their associations with distress, well-being, and mastery. Methods Using data from the Family Caring Survey, a quantitative study investigating family members’ experiences and needs, we examined the factor structure, internal reliability, measurement invariance across gender, and criterion-related validity of the Family Questionnaire (FQ) and the Brief Experience of Caregiving Inventory (BECI) in a convenience sample of 264 family members of individuals in coercive controlling groups or relationships. Results Interpretable and well-fitting factor structures emerged for both the FQ (intense emotional expression, over-concern, critical comments, monitoring) and BECI (stigma, difficult behaviors, positive personal experiences). Families face substantial emotional turmoil and caregiving challenges, significantly related to distress, anxiety, depression, and lower mastery. Stigma and Intense Emotional Expression were notably linked to poorer mental health outcomes. Strong ties existed between Difficult Behaviors and Critical Comments, both strongly associated to potential family separation. Gender differences in caregiving experiences and expressed emotion were mostly nonsignificant, though women exhibited a slightly heightened Over-Concern. Conclusions The findings provide insights to understand the unique challenges these families face, underscoring the importance of developing family-based intervention programs and enhancing support for a population traditionally marginalized in scientific literatureOpen Access funding provided thanks to the CRUE-CSIC agreement with Springer Nature. Open Access funding provided thanks to the CRUE-CSIC agreement with Springer Nature. This research was supported by grant from the Spanish State Research Agency, Ministry of Science and Innovation, Spain (PID2019-110963GB-00/AEI/10.13039/501100011033). Francisco González-Espejito, was supported by a predoctoral contract for the training of research personnel (FPI-UAM) in the 2022 cal
Estudios aplicados y formales del método de la coordenada generadora con proyección en física nuclear
No full textTesis Doctoral inédita leída en la Universidad Autónoma de Madrid, Facultad de Ciencias, Departamento de Física Teórica. Fecha de Lectura: 19-05-2025Self-consistent mean-field and beyond-mean-field approximations have proven to be valuable tools in the theoretical description of the complex physical systems that are the atomic nuclei. Within this framework of offering variational solutions to the many-body nuclear problem, one of the most outstanding methods is the mixing of symmetry-restored intrinsic configurations: the Projected Generator Coordinate Method (PGCM). Some of the characteristics of this method are its capability to describe microscopically collective behaviours and its adaptability to explore different degrees of freedom in nuclei. In this thesis, the PGCM will be studied both in its novel applications to different procedures and nuclear systems, and also formally, where new insights of such a method will be disclosed and used to expand the current understanding of the projected generator coordinate method.
For the applied studies, the development of codes such as TAURUS, that allow to extend the mean-field and beyond calculations to the employment of valence space Hamiltonians, as those used in shell model or ab initio calculations, have allowed the comparison of results between theoretical models with a common ground. Making use of this opportunity, the different studies contained in this work have been benchmarked with shell model calculations. Thus, the incorporation of multi-quasiparticle excitations and complex HFB transformations in the
PGCM calculations have been explored in a reduced pairing model Hamiltonian. On the other hand, the M 1 gamma-strength function properties have been treated with the PGCM in the nucleus 24 Mg, achieving the challenging description of J = 1 nuclear states. Finally, the neutron-rich region defined by the N = 50 and Z = 28 shell closures have been explored, where previously undescribed band formations have been observed.
On the other hand, the formal studies contain a fundamental approach of the PGCM regarding the properties of the natural basis in its relation to the number of intrinsic configurations included in the calculations. Based on the results found, a new algorithm for the optimization of the number of intrinsic states have been proposed, capable of reducing the computational resources required for the calculations and potentially reducing the numerical instabilities of the method. Furthermore, the energy convergence of the nuclear states has been re-evaluated, leading to a deeper understanding of the mechanisms behind obtaining solutions to the PGCM equation
Narratives and collective memory
No full textCurrent research continues to emphasize the role of narratives
as a key cultural mediator for collective memory. Recent
studies examine how narratives shape collective identities—
not in isolation, but by integrating them with other mediators
such as symbols, monuments, or rituals. Key concepts for
understanding how narratives function, such as schematic
narrative templates, have been refined to account for
increasingly heterogeneous and dynamic identities in societies
today. The study of narratives must also consider the rise of
counter- and alternative narratives that coexist with—and
sometimes challenge—master narratives. Narrative approaches
are making significant contributions at the intersection
of memory and history, contributions that are especially
relevant to fostering critical and historical thinking in our societies.
Critical thinking about narratives is essential for citizens
to negotiate and interrogate them, as well as generate their
own. To better understand the role of narratives in collective
memory it is crucial to investigate the points of tension and
interrelation between their production and consumption, between
memory and history, and between dominant and alternative
narratives. All of this occurs in a context that presents
new challenges for narrative research—such as the rise of
extremist political discourse and use of national narratives, and
the emergence of new narrative-production mechanisms like
artificial intelligenceThis work has been possible because of the support of
the project www.makinghistories.eu from the EU (Marie The authors receive funding for their project “Beyond
the Spanish Master Narrative: Dominant and Alternative
Collective Memories Among Transcultural Youth”
with reference SI4/PJI/2024-00157, from the Comunidad
de Madrid through direct support for promoting
research and transference at the Autonoma University
Madrid This work has also received the support of the Agencia
Estatal de Investigación (Spain), project PID2021-127529OB-I0
Contemporary documentarism and courtroom narratives: inflections on the construction of truth in Spanish screen and stage
No full textEl artículo propone una reflexión sobre las prácticas documentales en el cine y el teatro contemporáneos a través de manifestaciones que adoptan la forma de las narrativas judiciales. Presenta, como introducción, un bosquejo teórico de las perspectivas desde las que se ha pensado la expansión concomitante del documentalismo en diferentes campos artísticos. Tras ello, plantea ciertos ejes de inflexión en la representación de procesos legales y judiciales en el audiovisual y las artes escénicas en relación con las problemáticas de la construcción de la verdad en las sociedades contemporáneas. A partir de este bagaje teórico y contextual, analiza un conjunto de obras producidas en España en los últimos años que permiten diferentes aproximaciones a las cuestiones planteadas: El pan y la sal (Raúl Quirós / Andrés Lima, 2015-2018); Ruz/Bárcenas (Jordi Casanovas / Alberto San Juan, 2014) y B (David Ilundáin, 2015); Jauría (Jordi Casanovas / Miguel del Arco, 2017); Sumario 3/94 (Vicente Arlandis, 2017); y El jurado (Virginia García del Pino, 2012)The article proposes a reflection on documentary practices in contemporary film and theatre through manifestations that take the form of courtroom narratives. As an intro duction, it presents a theoretical sketch of the perspectives from which the expansion of documentary across disciplines and artistic fields has been considered. After this, it sets out certain axes of inflection in the representation of legal and judicial processes in the audiovisual and performing arts in relation to the problems of the construction of truth in contemporary societies. Based on this theoretical and contextual back ground, it analyses a series of works produced in Spain in recent years that allow for different approaches to the issues raised: El pan y la sal (Raúl Quirós / Andrés Lima, 2015-2018); Ruz/Bárcenas (Jordi Casanovas / Alberto San Juan, 2014) and B (David Ilundáin, 2015); Jauría (Jordi Casanovas / Miguel del Arco, 2017); Sumario 3/94 (Vicente Arlandis, 2017); and El jurado (Virginia García del Pino, 2012)Parte de la investigación que da lugar a este artículo se ha desarrollado en el marco del proyecto «Nuevos paradigmas en la representación cultural de los espacios de violencia de masas: mirar y contar el siglo XX desde el XXI (NUREVIO)» (PID2022- 140003NB-I00
Evaluación del efecto del procesado tecnológico de larvas del insecto Hermetia illucens sobre la fracción lipídica
No full textTesis Doctoral inédita leída en la Universidad Autónoma de Madrid, Facultad de Ciencias, Departamento de Química Física Aplicada. Fecha de Lectura:08-05-202
Escenario simulado para la promoción de la lactancia materna en la atención primaria de salud
No full textObjective: To develop and validate a simulation scenario on breastfeeding as a health education strategy for pregnant women in primary health care.
Methods: This methodological study to construct and validate a simulation scenario on breastfeeding for clients was divided into four stages: (1) construction of the scenario, (2) content validation with 15 experts, (3) appearance validation with 6 experts and (4) testing of the scenario with a pregnant woman. The Content
Validity Index and the Appearance Validity Index were used to validate and evaluate the scenario, as well as the Breastfeeding Self-Efficacy Scale (pre- and post-test) and the Learning Satisfaction and Self-Confidence Scale. The data was analyzed using descriptive statistics and presented as absolute and relative frequencies.
Results: The simulation scenario thus constructed obtained a Content Validity Index >0.90 for all items and a total Appearance Validity Index of 0.96. The scenario was tested in the home of the pregnant woman,
who achieved high levels of satisfaction and self-confidence in learning. There was also an increase in breastfeeding self-efficacy after the simulation.
Conclusion: The simulated scenario to promote breastfeeding was built and validated by experts and tested with a pregnant woman, suggesting that it is an effective health education strategy due to its potential to increase self-efficacy in breastfeeding. The achievement of high levels of satisfaction and self-confidence in learning indicates its application in prenatal education actions in primary health careThis work was carried out with the support of the Coordination for the Improvement of Higher Education Personnel - Brazil (CAPES) - Funding Code 001 and also the National Council for Scientific and Technological Development (CNPq), CNPq Universal Notice 2021 - 409758/2021-3 and Productivity Grant in
Scientific and Technological Development - DT. PROC. 305000/2021-7- Level
Calidad de vida en angioedema hereditario por déficit de c1 inhibidor. estudio psicométrico del cuestionario genérico de calidad de vida relacionada con la salud (CVRS) SF-36 versión 2.0 (SF-36V2). Análisis de CVRS y estudio exploratorio de los determinantes de la CVRS mediante el cuestionario SF-36V2
No full textTesis Doctoral inédita leída en la Universidad Autónoma de Madrid, Facultad de Medicina, Departamento de Medicina. Fecha de Lectura: 05-05-202
Móduli de conexiones superiores y 2-fbrados holomorfos
No full textTesis Doctoral inédita leída en la Universidad Autónoma de Madrid, Facultad de Ciencias, Departamento de Matemáticas. Fecha de Lectura: 05-05-2025En esta tesis iniciamos el programa de estudiar la geometría de espacios de móduli asociados a 2-fibrados principales. Consideramos 2-grupos de Lie G que se obtienen de un grupo de Lie junto con una forma bilineal, simétrica, Ad-invariante y satisfaciendo una condición de integralidad en su álgebra de Lie. En este contexto, construimos stacks derivados de G-conexiones planas sobre una variedad diferenciable, G-fibrados holomorfos sobre una variedad compleja y G-fibrados holomorfos con estructura conectiva holomorfa sobre una variedad compleja. Introducimos módulis derivados de dilatones y los usamos para obtener formas simplécticas desplazadas canónicas en estos stacks derivados, que identificamos de manera natural con el locus crítico derivado del superpotencial heterótico. Para ello, establecemos una relación entre G-fibrados holomorfos con estructura conectiva holomorfa y soluciones al sistema de Hull-Strominger, que modela configuraciones supersimétricas en teoría de cuerdas. Nuestros resultados se siguen de un cuidadoso estudio de la teoría de conexiones superiores en 2-fibrados principales, unificando enfoques anteriores en términos de trivializaciones de 2-gerbes de Chern-Simons, conexiones ajustadas y escisiones de algebroides de Courant gracias a la introducción de una nueva noción de forma de Maurer-Cartan en un 2-grupo de LieIn this thesis we initiate the program of studying the geometry of moduli spaces associated to principal 2-bundles. We consider Lie 2-groups G that arise from a Lie group with an Ad-invariant, symmetric, bilinear form satisfying an integrality condition on its Lie algebra. In this setting, we construct derived moduli stacks of fat G-connections over a smooth manifold, holomorphic G-bundles over a complex manifold and holomorphic Gbundles with holomorphic connective structure over a complex manifold. We introduce dilaton derived moduli and use them to obtain canonical shifted symplectic structures on these derived stacks, which are naturally identifed with the derived critical locus of the heterotic superpotential. For this, we relate holomorphic G-bundles with holomorphic connective structures to solutions of the Hull-Strominger system, which models supersymmetric confgurations in string theory. Our results follow from a thorough study of higher connections on principal 2-bundles, unifying previous approaches in terms of trivializations of Chern-Simons 2-gerbes, adjusted connections, and splittings of Courant algebroids by introducing a new notion of Maurer-Cartan form on a Lie 2-grou
El perfil de la pobreza en España
No full textTrabajo Fin de Grado. Curso Académico 2024-2025. Grado en EconomíaEl presente trabajo constituye una aportación empírica a la caracterización del perfil de la pobreza en España para el año 2023. La disponibilidad de información actualizada y detallada es clave para el diseño y la implementación de medidas contra la pobreza, las cuales juegan un papel central en la política europea y española. El análisis de los datos ha permitido obtener un modelo de regresión logística que explica el riesgo de pobreza y/o exclusión social según una serie de variables socioeconómicas tales como el sexo, la edad, la nacionalidad, el estado civil, el nivel de estudios, la situación laboral, el tipo de hogar o el grado de urbanización. Se concluye que el perfil de la pobreza se define como la acumulación de varios factores de vulnerabilidad. Por otro lado, y dada la relevancia del fenomeno, se ha analizado el perfil de la pobreza para el colectivo de los ocupados. Para este grupo, las variables laborales juegan un papel esencial, siendo las más significativas a la hora de explicar la pobreza para los trabajadores. Los contratos temporales, las jornadas parciales o el sector de actividad determinan el riesgo de que una persona se enfrente a una situación de pobreza pese a tener empleo. Ante esta realidad, se propone llevar a cabo una acción dual: por un lado, se propone llevar a cabo medidas dirigidas a los colectivos más vulnerables para frenar la incidencia de la pobreza en el corto plazo, y por otro, llevar a cabo reformas estructurales que mejoren los sistemas de protección y la productividad económica para brindar futuras oportunidades que ayuden a la erradicación de la pobreza en el largo plazoThis study constitutes an empirical contribution to the characterization of the poverty profile in Spain for 2023, highlighting the need for up-to-date, detailed information to design and implement effective anti-poverty measures. A logistic regression model was estimated using microdata from the Social and Living Conditions survey (SLC) to assess the likelihood of being at risk of poverty and/or social exclusion. The independent variables include gender, age, nationality, marital status, educational attainment, employment status, household type, and degree of urbanization. The results show that poverty in Spain is not determined by a single factor but rather by the accumulation of multiple factors. On the other hand, given the relevance of in-work poverty, a separate analysis was conducted for employed individuals. In this context, labor market variables prove essential: temporary contracts, part-time work, and sector of economic activity are statistically significant predictors of poverty among workers. Based on these results, a dual policy approach is recommended. First, short term interventions should target the most vulnerable groups to mitigate immediate poverty incidence. Second, structural reforms are necessary to strengthen social protection mechanisms and foster productivity growth, thereby creating sustainable pathways out of poverty over the long ter